The Federal Republic of Germany at Forty-five: Union
without
Unity
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1995)
J. M. Mushaben,
Becoming Madam Chancellor: Angela Merkel and the
Berlin
Republic
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017)
N. Naimark,
The Russians in Germany
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University
Press, 1995)
A. J. Nicholls,
The Bonn Republic: West German Democracy,
1945
–
1990
(London: Longman, 1997)
A. Nothnagle,
Building the East German Myth
(Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press, 1999)
J. Osmond (ed.),
German Reunification
(Harlow: Longman, 1992)
K. Pence and P. Betts (eds.),
Socialist Modern: East German Everyday
Culture
and Politics
(Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2008)
A. Port,
Conflict and Stability in the German Democratic Republic
(Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2006)
P. Pulzer,
German Politics
1945
–
1995 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995)
M. Qvortrup,
Angela Merkel: Europe’s Most Influential Leader
(New York and
London: Overlook Duckwirth, 2016)
G. K. Roberts,
German Politics Today
(Manchester: Manchester University
Press, 3rd edn, 2016)
M. E. Sarotte,
Dealing with the Devil: East Germany, Détente and
Ostpolitik,
1969
–
1973 (Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press,
2001)
H. P. Schwarz,
Konrad Adenauer
, 2 vols. (Providence, R.I.: Berghahn, 1995,
1997)
G. Smith, W. Paterson and P. H. Merkl (eds.),
Developments in West
German
Politics
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1989)
G. Smith, W. Paterson, P. H. Merkl and S. Padgett (eds.),
Developments in
German Politics
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992)
G. Smith, W. Paterson and S. Padgett (eds.),
Developments in German
Politics
2
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996)
S. Szabo,
The Diplomacy of German Unification
(New York: St Martin’s Press,
1992)
H. A. Turner,
Germany from Partition to Reunification
(New Haven, Conn.: Yale
University Press, 1992)
P. Zelikow and C. Rice,
Germany Unified and Europe Transformed
(Cambridge,
Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995)
Index
absolutism,
72
–
84
,
91
,
94
–
5
Adenauer, Konrad,
213
,
217
,
222
,
231
Albert I, Habsburg Emperor,
27
Albert, Prince of Brandenburg,
37
d’Alembert,
89
Alternative for Germany (AfD),
262
,
264
,
269
Anabaptists,
44
Arnim, A. von,
111
Aue, Hartmann von,
21
Aufklärung
,
see
Enlightenment
Augsburg Confession,
45
Augsburg Interim,
46
Augustine,
36
Auschwitz,
199
–
200
Austro-Prussian War (1866),
126
–
7
Bach, C. P. E.,
93
Bach, J. S.,
93
–
4
,
111
,
200
Bacon, Francis,
89
Baden, Prince Max von,
157
–
8
Bahro, Rudolf,
228
Basic Law,
see
Constitution of the Federal Republic
Battle of the White Mountain (1620),
56
,
62
Bauer, Gustav,
163
Bauhaus,
169
Bebel, August,
124
Beethoven, Ludwig van,
93
,
111
Berghahn, Volker,
148
Berlichingen, Götz von,
40
Berlin Treaty (1926),
168
Berlin Wall,
8
,
213
,
216
,
234
,
245
–
7
,
252
–
3
,
255
Bernstein, Eduard,
140
Bethmann Hollweg, Theobald von,
143
,
150
,
152
Biedermeier,
111
Biel, Gabriel,
29
Biermann, Wolf,
219
Bilfinger,
90
Bismarck, Otto von,
122
,
125
–
37
,
149
,
261
Blair, Tony,
257
,
263
Blomberg, Werner von,
190
Böll, Heinrich,
242
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich,
185
Born, Stephan,
120
Borsig,
200
Brahe, Tycho,
53
Brandt, Willy,
217
–
18
Brauchitsch, Walter von,
190
Braun, Eva,
204
Brecht, Bertolt,
169
,
242
Brentano, C.,
111
Brexit,
268
Brüdergemeine,
87
Brueghel,
53
Brüning, Heinrich von,
173
–
4
,
175
,
188
Brüssig, Thomas,
265
Bucer, Martin,
50
Bülow, Bernhard, Prince von,
143
Burschenschaften
,
106
–
7
Cajetan, Cardinal,
37
Calvin, John,
44
Calvinism,
44
,
46
,
47
–
9
,
50
,
55
,
75
Cameron, David,
268
Canossa,
19
Caprivi, Georg Leo, Count von,
141
Capuchins,
50
Carolingians,
10
,
11
Catholic Centre Party,
132
–
3
,
140
–
1
,
143
,
172
,
179
,
180
,
207
,
209
Catholic League,
55
,
56
,
58
Chamberlain, Neville,
192
Charlemagne,
11
,
16
Charles IV, Emperor,
27
Charles V, Emperor,
28
,
34
–
6
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
45
–
6
,
55
Christian Democratic Union (CDU)/Christian Social Union (CSU),
133
,
207
,
209
,
213
,
217
,
218
,
222
,
232
,
255
,
258
–
9
,
264
–
5
,
269
Clovis,
10
Communist Party of Germany (KPD),
160
,
164
–
5
,
174
,
176
,
179
,
201
,
207
,
221
Concordat of Worms (1122),
19
Confederation of the Rhine,
97
Congress of Vienna (1814–15),
96
,
100
,
104
,
107
Conrad I,
11
,
27
Conrad II,
18
Constitutio de feudis
,
15
Constitution of Federal Republic,
211
–
12
,
220
–
2
Constitution of Imperial Germany,
127
,
128
–
31
,
138
–
40
Constitutions of GDR,
212
,
224
–
8
,
247
–
8
Council of Trent,
50
Cuno, Wilhelm,
165
Dachau concentration camp,
181
–
2
Darré, Walter,
181
Dawes Plan (1924),
168
Defenestration of Prague (1618),
55
–
6
Delbrück, Rudolf von,
131
devotio moderna
,
29
,
36
Diderot, Denis,
89
Diet of Augsburg (1530),
45
Diet of Augsburg (1555),
46
Diet of Regensburg (1541),
45
Diet of Worms (1521),
37
Döblin, Alfred,
170
Dollfuss, Engelbert, Austrian chancellor,
189
,
190
Dönitz, Karl,
204
Drexler, Anton,
152
,
167
Du Boulay, F. R. H.,
28
Dürer, Albrecht,
31
Early New High German,
28
Ebert, Friedrich,
159
–
60
,
164
,
171
Eck, Johannes,
37
Edict of Restitution (1629),
57
Eisner, Kurt,
158
,
160
Elias, Norbert,
49
Elser, Georg,
201
–
2
Engels, Friedrich,
40
,
124
,
260
Enlightenment,
71
,
84
,
89
–
92
,
94
Erhard, Ludwig,
213
,
217
,
231
–
2
Eschenbach, Wolfram von,
21
Euro, the,
256
,
260
–
1
,
262
European Economic Community (EEC),
214
,
235
,
236
–
8
,
247
European Union (EU),
255
–
7
,
260
–
1
,
263
–
4
,
268
Farben, I. G.,
200
Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, Habsburg Emperor,
56
–
9
feudalism,
14
–
15
Feuerbach, Ludwig,
109
financial crisis (2008),
260
–
1
First World War,
104
,
137
,
148
–
54
Fischer, Fritz,
148
Fleckenstein, J.,
12
Fontane, Theodor,
144
Forster, Georg,
97
Francis I, King of France,
40
Francis II, Emperor of Austria,
97
Francke, August Hermann,
86
–
7
Franco-Prussian War (1870),
126
–
7
,
128
Frankfurt Parliament (1848–9),
118
–
21
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke and heir to
Austrian throne,
151
Frederick I, ‘Barbarossa’, Emperor,
19
,
22
Frederick II, grandson of Barbarossa, Emperor,
20
,
27
Frederick II, ‘the Great’, King of Prussia (reigned 1740–86),
76
,
78
–
9
,
80
–
1
,
91
,
94
–
5
Frederick III/(I), Elector and King of Prussia (reigned 1688–1713),
76
,
271
Frederick III, King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany (1888),
135
Frederick ‘the Wise’, Elector of Saxony,
37
–
8
Frederick V, Elector Palatine, ‘Winter King’ of Bohemia,
56
Frederick William, the ‘Great Elector’ of Prussia (reigned 1640–88),
76
–
7
Frederick William I, the ‘Soldier King’ of Prussia (reigned 1713–40),
76
,
77
–
80
Frederick William III, King of Prussia (reigned 1797–1840),
98
,
105
Frederick William IV, King of Prussia (reigned 1840–61),
117
–
18
,
120
Free Corps,
160
–
1
,
164
–
5
Free Democratic Party (FDP),
209
,
213
,
217
,
218
,
221
,
232
,
255
,
259
,
265
French Revolution (1789), impact on Germany of,
71
–
2
,
94
–
103
French Revolution (1848),
111
–
16
,
122
Freud, Sigmund,
146
Frick, Wilhelm,
179
Fritsch, Werner von,
190
Fugger,
34
,
37
Gagern, Heinrich von,
120
Gaismair, Michael,
42
Gastarbeiter
,
234
–
5
General Directory,
77
–
8
George, Stefan,
169
George III, King of England and Elector of Hanover,
100
German Communist Party (DKP),
221
German Confederation,
100
–
1
,
105
,
107
,
114
,
127
German Customs Union,
see
Zollverein
German Empire
,
see
Imperial Germany
German Workers’ Party (DAP),
152
,
167
Gillingham, John,
12
Goebbels, Josef,
183
Goering, Hermann,
179
,
189
,
190
,
194
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von,
1
,
92
–
3
,
94
,
111
,
200
Golden Bull (1356),
27
Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah,
267
Gorbachev, Mikhail,
205
,
219
,
226
,
243
,
245
,
249
Gottfried von Strassburg,
21
Grass, Günter,
242
Gregory VII, Pope (Hildebrand),
19
Green Party,
221
,
224
,
255
,
265
,
269
Grimm, brothers (Jacob and Wilhelm),
93
Grimmelshausen,
66
Groener, General Wilhelm,
159
Gropius, Walter,
169
Grosz, Georg,
170
Grundherrschaft
,
81
Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden,
58
–
60
Gutenberg (invention of printing),
33
Gutscherrschaft
,
79
Gysi, Gregor,
248
Habsburgs,
27
,
28
,
45
,
54
,
55
,
56
–
60
,
62
,
63
,
271
Hambach Festival,
108
Händel, G. F.,
93
Hanseatic League,
24
,
65
Harich, Wolfgang,
215
,
228
Hauptmann, G.,
145
Havemann, R.,
228
Haydn, J.,
93
Heartfield, John,
170
Heberle, F.,
65
Hecker, Friedrich von,
117
Hegel, G. W. F.,
86
,
92
,
109
–
11
Heine, Heinrich,
111
–
16
,
122
Heinlein, Konrad,
191
Henry I, Emperor,
12
,
15
–
16
Henry II, Emperor,
18
Henry III, Emperor,
13
Henry IV, Emperor,
19
Henry V, Emperor,
18
–
19
Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony,
19
Heppenheim programme,
117
Herder, J. G.,
87
,
93
Heuss, Theodor,
213
Heydrich, Reinhard,
198
Heym, Stefan,
242
Himmler, Heinrich,
181
,
198
Hindenburg, Paul von,
152
,
171
–
2
,
175
–
7
,
181
Hitler, Adolf,
1
,
137
,
154
,
155
–
6
,
166
–
7
,
174
–
204
,
261
Hobbes, Thomas,
13
Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Chlodwig,
141
–
2
Hohenstaufen,
18
,
27
Hohenzollern, Albrecht von,
25
Hohenzollerns,
26
,
43
,
75
–
81
Hölderlin, F.,
111
Holocaust, the,
182
,
197
–
202
,
203
,
267
–
8
,
274
Honecker, Eric,
217
,
219
,
224
,
237
,
241
,
243
,
244
Honecker, Margot,
241
Hossbach, Friedrich,
190
Hugenburg, Alfred,
174
Humboldt, Wilhelm,
109
Hus, John,
29
Hussites,
29
,
55
Ignatius Loyola,
50
Imperial Germany,
104
,
126
,
131
–
54
Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD),
152
,
158
,
159
–
160
Investiture Contest,
19
‘Iron Curtain’,
7
,
8
,
245
Jansenism,
86
Jesuits,
50
,
55
–
6
,
86
,
132
Jews,
20
,
26
,
53
,
88
–
9
,
90
,
131
–
2
,
152
,
164
,
178
,
180
,
186
–
7
,
191
,
267
; extermination of,
197
–
202
John of Leyden,
44
John Sigismund of Brandenburg,
55
Joll, James,
148
Joseph II, Emperor of Austria,
81
,
88
,
91
,
94
–
5
,
105
Junkers,
26
,
65
,
75
,
78
,
126
,
138
,
208
Kahr, Gustav,
164
Kant, Immanuel,
91
–
2
Kapp, Wolfgang,
164
Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg,
88
Karlsbad Decrees,
106
,
108
Kästner, Erich,
169
Kautsky, Karl,
138
Kehr, Eckart,
148
Keitel, Wilhelm,
190
Kellog-Briand pact,
168
Kepler, Johannes,
53
Kiesinger, Kurt Georg,
217
Kleinstaaterei
,
69
,
91
Kohl, Helmut,
218
,
222
,
232
,
247
,
249
,
255
,
258
Kollwitz, Käthe,
170
Kotzebue, August von,
106
Krenz, Egon,
245
,
248
Kristallnacht
,
187
Krupp armaments,
128
,
188
,
200
Kulturkampf
,
132
–
3
Lambsdorff, Otto Count von,
232
Landrat
,
79
Lasker, Eduard,
132
Left, The (
Die Linke
),
261
–
2
Legien, Carl,
159
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm,
89
Leo X, Pope,
37
Lessing, G.,
89
Ley, Robert,
181
Leyser, Karl,
15
Liebknecht, Karl,
160
,
165
Liebknecht, Wilhelm,
124
limes
,
9
Locarno Treaty (1925),
167
Locke, John,
89
Lothar, Duke of Supplinburg,
18
Louis XIV,
73
,
77
Louis Philippe, King of France,
116
Ludendorff, Erich,
152
Ludwig II, King of Bavaria,
125
Luther, Martin,
33
,
36
–
40
,
42
–
3
,
46
,
186
Lüttwitz, Walther von,
164
Luxemburg, Rosa,
160
,
165
Mann, Heinrich,
169
Mann, Thomas,
144
–
5
,
169
,
170
Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria,
91
Martinitz, Deputy Governor of Bohemia,
56
Marx, Karl,
109
–
11
,
124
,
148
Matthias, Habsburg Emperor,
55
Maximilian of Bavaria,
56
,
58
Mazarin, Cardinal,
60
Melanchthon, Philipp,
45
Memmingen Peasant Parliament,
42
Mendelssohn, Moses,
89
Mengele, Josef,
199
Mennonites,
87
Merkel, Angela,
258
–
260
,
261
,
263
–
4
,
265
,
268
,
269
Merovingians,
10
Metternich, Klemens von,
106
–
7
,
109
,
114
,
117
,
121
Middle High German, literature,
21
Mielke, Erich,
242
,
252
migrant crisis,
263
–
4
ministeriales
,
15
,
21
Minnesang
,
21
Miquel, Johannes von,
142
,
144
Mitterand, François,
255
–
6
Modrwo, Hans,
248
Moltke, Helmut Count von (1800–91),
128
Montesquieu,
89
Moser, Johann Jakob,
90
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus,
93
Müller, Hermann,
173
Müntzer, Thomas,
42
Mussolini, Benito,
166
,
189
,
196
Napoleon I, French Emperor,
69
,
97
–
8
Napoleonic Wars,
71
–
2
,
100
National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP),
152
,
166
–
7
,
170
,
174
,
176
,
178
–
9
Neanderthal man,
9
Neurath, Konstatin von,
190
New High German,
38
Newton, Isaac,
89
Nibelungenlied
,
21
Nicolai, Friedrich,
90
Nietzsche, Friedrich,
146
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO),
214
,
247
North German Confederation,
128
Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenberg),
111
Nuremburg Laws,
187
Offenburg programme,
117
Old High German,
14
Old Saxon,
14
Otto I, Emperor,
12
,
16
Otto II, Emperor,
18
Ottonians,
13
,
15
,
18
,
19
Oxenstierna, Axel, Swedish Chancellor,
59
Papen, Franz von,
170
,
175
–
6
Parker, G.,
64
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