Air University Research Template: a tutorial



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Bibliography

Abate, Tom. “Charlie Rose talks to Silicon Valley leaders about political protectionism.” San Francisco Chronicle; SFGate.com; 12 October 2007, n.p. On-line. Internet, 12 October 2007. Available from http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/10/12/BUD.

Air University. Air University Style Guide for Writers and Editors, 1996, n.p. On-line. Internet, 30 April 2008. Available from http://research.maxwell.af.mil/.

Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities. New York: Verso, 1991.

Bush, George W., President of the United States. Introductory Letter to “My Fellow Americans.” The National Security Strategy of the United States, March 2006.

Central Intelligence Agency. “India.” The 2008 World Factbook, 15 April 200. n.p. On-line. Internet, 1 May 2008. Available from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html.

________. “Rank Order—Birth Rate.” The 2008 World Factbook, 15 April 2008. n.p. On-line. Internet, 30 April 2008. Available from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2054rank.html.

Chambers, John, CEO Cisco Systems. Presentation and discussion with Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellows, San Jose, CA, XX April 2008.

Department of Homeland Security. “Persons Naturalized During Fiscal Year 2006 by Region/Country of Birth and Selected Characteristics; Region/Country: India.” 2006. n.p. On-line. Internet, 2 May 2008. Available from http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/ NatzProfiles /2006/COBBook60.xls.

________. “Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, 2007. n.p. On-line. Internet, 1 May 2008. Available from http://www.dhs.gov/ximgtn/ statistics/publications/LPR07.shtm.

“Did You Know 2.0.” You Tube. n.p. On-line. Internet, 28 April 2008. Available from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMcfrLYDm2U.

DirectTV homepage, 28 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 28 April 2008, available from http://www.directv.com/DTVAPP/global/contentPageNR.jsp?assetId=3310008.

Friedman, Thomas. The World is Flat; A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century. Further Updated and Expanded, Release 3.0. New York: Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007.

Harrison, Russell. “Habitat for Humanity.” incisco.com. 20 July 2007. n.p. On-line. Internet, 5 May 2008. Available from http://wwwin-blogs.cisco.com/rusharri/entry/habitat_for_ humanity.

Johnson, Michelle D., Deputy Director for the War on Terrorism, Strategic Plans and Policy Directorate, Joint Staff, the Pentagon. Presentation to Antiterrorism Level IV Course. Booz, Allen, Hamilton Conference Center, Tyson’s Corner, VA. 12 February 2008.

Miniwatts Marketing Group. “Internet Usage Statistics; The Internet Big Picture; World Internet Users and Population Stats.” n.p. On-line. Internet, 3 may 2008. Available from http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm.

________. “Broadband Internet Statistics; Top World Countries with Highest Internet Broadband Subscribers in 2007.” Internetworldstats.com. n.p. On-line. Internet, 3 May 2008. Available from http://www.internetworldstats.com/dsl.htm.

Mooney, Paul. “Internet Fans Flames of Chinese Nationalism Beijing Faces Dilemma as Anti-Japanese Campaign in Cyberspace Hits the Streets.” YaleGlobal Online, 4 April 2005. Yale Center for the Study of Globalization. On-line. Internet. Available from http://yaleglobal. yale.edu/display.article?id=5516.

Ondaatje, Michael. The English Patient. New York: Vintage/Random House, 1992.

Owyang, Jeremiah. “Social Network Stats: Facebook, MySpace, Reunion.” Web Strategy by Jeremiah. 9 January 2008. n.p On-line. Internet, 3 May 2008. Available from http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2008/01/09/social-network-stats-facebook-myspace-reunion-jan-2008/.

Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellows. Notes. Company Day Visit to [multinational corporation], 10 December 2007.

“60 Minutes; U.S. News Magazine,” The Museum of Broadcast Communications, n.p. On-line. Internet, 14 April 2008. Available from http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/S/htmlS/ 60minutes/60minutes.htm.

Summers, Lawrence. “America Needs to Make a New Case for Trade.” FT.com, Financial Times. 27 April 2008. n.p. On-Line. Internet, 10 May 2008. Available from http://www. ft.com/ cms/s/0/0c185e3a-1478-11dd-a741-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1

“Top News Sources for 27 April, 2008,” Blogpulse, 28 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 28 April 2008, available from http://www.blogpulse.com/08_04_27/topPressGroup.html.



“WTO Final Decision on Tax Credit Dispute Faults US; Export Tax Credit is a Prohibited Export Subsidy.” CFO.com, 24 July 2001. n.p On-line. Internet, 1 May 2008. Available from http://www.cfo.com/article.cfm/2998917.


1. Michael Ondaatje. The English Patient. (New York: Vintage/Random House, 1992), 6, 242.

2. Note the language here. A television program “comes on” because the television channel usually remains constant. Channel “surfing” is a yet-to-be-coined phrase, denoting the requirement to search large numbers of available programs in minimum time and with some sense of randomness. Note as well the term “surfing” applies equally to on-line searching, not quite randomly, but following the user’s preferences and state of mind. Certainly, the programming “coming on” also carries some implication that the news comes to the passive viewer, who in no way participates in the selection or production of content. Only broad market analysis of a target audience determined this content, and each viewer imperfectly fit the profile of that intended audience. In contrast, today’s forms of advertisement often profile the specific person and match an imperfectly (more broadly) targeted message intended to blanket an audience that shares some—not all—attributes. In other words, in the past, broad market research allowed advertisers to target a few similar people in a broad group; today’s information technology allows advertisers to understand the spending habits and preferences of a specific person, but then cast a broad net—somewhat tailored to persons with similar desires and needs—to capture that person.

3 “60 Minutes; U.S. News Magazine,” The Museum of Broadcast Communications, n.p., on-line, internet, 14 April 2008, available from http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/S/htmlS/ 60minutes/60minutes.htm. 60 Minutes first aired on CBS in September 1968 and was a Sunday evening program for the first time in January, 1972.

4. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities; Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Revised Edition. (New York: Verso, 1991), 6.

5. Anderson, 6. Anderson expands interestingly here by referencing Ernest Gellner and his book Thought and Change.

6. Anderson, 6.

7. Anderson, 3.

8. I am thinking here about the title of a history textbook written by Joy Hakim, titled “The History of US,” playing the the Acronym for United States and the idea that we are “us.”

9. Anderson, 7.

10. Anderson, 36. My simplification of Anderson to these three summary points amounts to a crude frontal lobotomy on his careful analysis and well-supported explanation of these pre-national communities and their unchallenged appeal to largely illiterate populations within rigidly hierarchical groups. The challenge here lies in choosing a way in which to summarize without moving too far from Anderson’s thoroughly documented argument.

11. A remaining modern-day comparison might be drawn to the insistence of the Mullahs and scholars in strict Islamic cultures that the Koran be printed and read only in the original Arabic, thus leaving many followers to simply memorize the sounds of the holy text, some remaining quite ignorant of the language and many left to rely on the elite few to hand down official edicts and interpret the official word. This comparison can then be extended to look at the pre-national or even pre-dynastic cultures that still exist in parts of the world. One example of this would be the Pashtu peoples of the Afghanistan/Pakistan border region.

12. Anderson, 19.

13. Anderson, 24.

14. Anderson, 24-25.

15. Anderson, 37.

16. I have again over-simplified Anderson for the sake of clarity and brevity. His explanation of the power of print capitalism and the secularization of national identity covers the history of the Reformation and the beginning of the industrial age, and acknowledges exceptions to his general conclusions and the wide variety of origins across the globe.

17. “Top News Sources for 27 April, 2008,” Blogpulse, 28 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 28 April 2008, available from http://www.blogpulse.com/08_04_27/ topPressGroup.html. These are two of the top online news sources. BBC News online ranks #2, behind the New York Times online. Yahoo! News ranks #7, behind #5 Google News.

18. This has of course been true about stories from AP and UPI wire services for years. The difference is the ubiquity and speed with which the stories are posted from a vast number and variety of sources.

19. DirectTV homepage, 28 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 28 April 2008, available from http://www.directv.com/DTVAPP/global/contentPageNR.jsp?assetId=3310008. 95 of these channels are offered in High Definition as of 2008.

20. Tom Abate, “Charlie Rose talks to Silicon Valley leaders about political protectionism,” San Francisco Chronicle; SFGate.com, 12 October 2007, 1 of 3, on-line, internet, 12 October 2007, available from http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/10/12/BUD.

21. Miniwatts Marketing Group, “Internet Usage Statistics; The Internet Big Picture, World Internet Users and Population Stats,” n.p., on-line, internet, 3 May 2008, available from http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm.

22. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities; Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Revised Edition (New York: Verso, 1991); 3.

23. “Did You Know 2.0,” You Tube, n.p., on-line, internet, 28 April 2008, available from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMcfrLYDm2U.

24. Thomas L. Friedman, The World is Flat; A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century. Further updated and expanded, Release 3.0 (New York: Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 8 (throughout book).

25. Central Intelligence Agency, “Rank Order—Birth Rate,” The 2008 World Factbook, 15 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 30 April 2008, available from https://www.cia.gov/library/ publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2054rank.html.

26. Notes, Company Day Visit by Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellows, 10 December 2007. A diversified and globalized U.S.-based corporation. Non-disclosure agreements and academic situations make it important here to refer to the speakers only by position. This visit took place at the Corporate Headquarters, Center for Innovation, during the week of 10 December 2007.

27. CFO.com Staff, “WTO Final Decision on Tax Credit Dispute Faults US; Export Tax Credit is a Prohibited Export Subsidy,” CFO.com, 24 July 2001, n.p., on-line, internet, 1 May 2008, available from http://www.cfo.com/article.cfm/2998917. Officially called a “Foreign Sales Corporation tax credit” or “FSC,” the issue became a major concern with the World Trade Organization around the turn of the 21st Century, when the WTO ruled that the US Export Tax Credit violated international trade rules.

28. Central Intelligence Agency, “India,” The 2008 World Factbook, 15 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 1 May 2008, available from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html.

29. “Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2007, Table 3,” Department of Homeland Security website, 2007, n.p., on-line, internet, 1 May 2008, available from http://www.dhs.gov/ximgtn/ statistics/publications/LPR07.shtm.

30. Tom Abate, “Charlie Rose talks to Silicon Valley leaders about political protectionism,” San Francisco Chronicle; SFGate.com, 12 October 2007, 1 of 3, on-line, internet, 12 October 2007, available from http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/10/12/BUD.

31. “Persons Naturalized During Fiscal Year 2006 by Region/Country of Birth and Selected Characteristics; Region/Country: China,” Department of Homeland Security website, n.p., on-line, internet, 2 May 2008, available from http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/ NatzProfiles/2006/COBBook57.xls.

32. “Persons Naturalized During Fiscal Year 2006 by Region/Country of Birth and Selected Characteristics; Region/Country: India,” Department of Homeland Security website, n.p., on-line, internet, 2 May 2008, available from http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/ NatzProfiles /2006/COBBook60.xls.

33. Thomas Friedman. The World is Flat; A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century, 3rd Edition (Version 3.0), (New York: Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 14-15.

34. Jeremiah Owyang. “Social Network Stats: Facebook, MySpace, Reunion (Jan, 2008)” Web Strategy by Jeremiah. 9 January 2008, n.p. on-line, internet, 3 May 2008, available from http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2008/01/09/social-network-stats-facebook-myspace-reunion-jan-2008/.

35. Miniwatts Marketing Group, “Internet Usage Statistics; The Internet Big Picture, World Internet Users and Population Stats,” n.p., on-line, internet, 3 May 2008, available from http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm.

36. “Broadband Internet Statistics; Top World Countries with Highest Internet Broadband Subscribers in 2007,” Internetworldstats.com, n.p., on-line, internet, 3 May 2008, available from http://www.internetworldstats.com/dsl.htm.

37 Lawrence Summers, “America Needs to Make a New Case for Trade,” FT.com; Financial Times, 27 April 2008, n.p., on-line, internet, 10 May 2008, available from http://www.ft.com/ cms/s/0/0c185e3a-1478-11dd-a741-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1

38. Again, one here thinks of examples such as the Former Yugoslav Republic or the trisection of former British India into Pakistan, India, and East Pakistan/Bangladesh. Even more so, the division of the Pashtu peoples with the Durant line or the mixed ethno-linguistic groups of Central Asia, artificially parsed by the internal borders of the former Soviet Union.

39. Anderson, 7.

40. Russell Harrison, “Habitat for Humanity,” 20 July 2007, n.p., on-line, internet, 5 May 2008, available from http://wwwin-blogs.cisco.com/rusharri/entry/habitat_for_humanity. Also, current activity: Don Doyle, “WPR/GRM Lends a Hand for Habitat for Humanity”, News Headlines, 30 April 2008. n.p., on-line, internet, 5 May 2008, available from http://wwwin.cisco .com/data-shared/cec/rendered_news/html/channels/101041/101043/ 171072.shtml

41. Anderson, 3.

42. Paul Mooney, “Internet Fans Flames of Chinese Nationalism; Beijing Faces Dilemma as Anti-Japanese Campaign in Cyberspace Hits the Streets,” YaleGlobal Online, Yale Center for the Study of Globalization, 4 April 2005, on-line, internet, available from http://yaleglobal. yale.edu/display.article?id=5516
 

43. Brig Gen Michelle D. Johnson, Deputy Director for the War on Terrorism, Strategic Plans and Policy Directorate, Joint Staff, the Pentagon, presentation, Anti-Terrorism Level IV Course, Booz, Allen, Hamilton, Tyson’s Corner, VA., 12 February 2008.

44. Presentation by John Chambers, CEO, Cisco Systems, to Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellows, San Jose, CA, XX April 2008.

45. George W. Bush, President of the United States, Introductory Letter to “My Fellow Americans,”. The National Security Strategy of the United States, March 2006.

46. The National Security Strategy of the United States, March 2006, 47.

47. The National Security Strategy of the United States, March 2006, 48-49.


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