Arthur Arthur



Yüklə 461 b.
tarix13.12.2017
ölçüsü461 b.
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Arthur

  • Arthur

  • of Britain


Overview

  • Eras of British History

        • Stone Age – Bronze Age
        • Celtic conquest
        • Roman conquest
        • Anglo-Saxon invasion & origin of England
        • Retreat of Roman-Britains
  • The Emergence and Evolution of Arthurian Texts

        • Geoffrey of Monmouth (12th century)
        • Chrétien de Troyes’ romances. Introduces Lancelot, Perceval, Camelot, and the grail, not the “Holy Grail.” (12th century)
        • Sir Thomas Malory (15th century)
        • Alfred, Lord Tennyson (19th century) / Pre-Raphaelite Art
        • Mary Stewart, Rosemary Sutcliff, Marian Zimmer Bradley (20th century)


Stone Age - Bronze Age Britain

  • 4700 – 2000 BCE

  • 2200 – 700 BCE



The Celts 500 BCE - 400 CE



Celtic Hill forts

  • Maiden Castle, Dorset



Celtic Religion

  • Druidism (Merlin)

  • Worship out-of-doors

  • Magic and supernatural

  • Gaelic Fertility festivals:

      • Beltane & Samhain


Celtic Iron Age



Roman Britain 55 BCE; 43 – 410 CE

  • Advanced civilization – high standard of living

  • Pax romana



Hadrian’s Wall



Artorius

  • Dux bellorum

  • Sarmatian cavalry

  • of 6th Legion

  • Lucius Artorius Castus



Saxon invasions 400 – 600 CE

  • Years of crisis

  • Scotti (Irish), Picts,

  • Saxons

  • Collapse of civilization

  • Time for a hero



Retreat of the Red Dragon people

  • Emblem of Celtic Britons



Dragon-Slayers: St. George and Beowulf

  • Anglo-Saxon view

  • English legends



Dark Age Britain

  • Blackout in historical record

    • Gildas (c. 540)
    • Bede (731)
    • Nennius (c. 800)


Oral Tradition  written Texts

  • Breton (Less Britain, Brittany, Armorica) emigres

  • Irish, Cornish, and Welsh bards, French jongleurs

  • 12th century written texts:

    • Geoffrey of Monmouth’s History of Britain
    • Mabinogion
    • Chrétien de Troyes’s Knight of the Cart, etc.
    • Marie de France’s lais


Geoffrey of Monmouth: History of the Kings of Britain (1136)



Chrétien de Troyes’ romances

  • Court of Countess Marie de Champagne, daughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1160-1181)

  • Courtly Love

  • Introduces Lancelot, Perceval, Camelot, and the grail, not the “Holy Grail.” (12th century)



Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte Darthur (1485)



Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Idylls of the King (1859)

  • Inspiration for Pre-Raphaelite art

  • “The Lady of Shalott”



T. H. White: The Once and Future King (1958)

  • Comedy with serious political implications in post-WWII era

  • Basis for Disney’s The Sword in the Stone and Lerner and Loewe’s Camelot



Contemporary Novels







Yüklə 461 b.

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