Feature 2: Heads
Heads, also known as left-dislocation, are a way to introduce and orient listeners to a topic before giving information on the topic (Cul- len and Kuo 2007, 366). For example:
“The soccer game last night, it was really exciting.” (With head)
“The soccer game last night was really exciting.” (No head)
As Hughes and McCarthy (1998, 273) note, heads are both “an act of sensitivity to the listener” and “a reflection of the exigencies of face-to-face interaction and real-time nature of talk.” Heads allow speakers to highlight the topic they want to talk about before com- menting on it, giving both the speaker and the listener more processing time in real-time communication (Cullen and Kuo 2007).
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