Believed to be



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tarix02.10.2018
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#71715





Believed to be...

  • Believed to be...

    • Good
    • Transformational
    • Necessary
  • Worries about...

    • “Digital Divide”
    • Falling behind




Technology requires ongoing support

  • Technology requires ongoing support

    • Cost
    • Cost
    • Cost
    • Training
    • Maintenance
    • Infrastructure
    • Curriculum integration
  • Technology distracts

    • Students
    • Teachers
    • Administrators
  • Technology can lead to dependence,

  • addiction, inability to focus



Mark Warschauer et al. (USA)

    • Mark Warschauer et al. (USA)
    • Leigh Linden et al. (India, Peru)
      • PCs don’t substitute for teachers
      • PCs rarely cost-effective
    • Ana Santiago et al. (Peru)
      • Mixed results with OLPC
    • Todd Oppenheimer (USA)
      • Technology distracts from real education
    • Larry Cuban, Mike Trucano, Wayan Vota, Ofer Malamud, etc.


Finland

  • Finland

    • 1st out of 57 countries
      • OECD’s PISA (2003, 2006)
      • Science, math, reading
    • “Back to basics” approach
    • Limited technology
      • Blackboards, overhead projectors
      • Computer labs only for computer classes
      • No mobile phones, iPods in class
    • Hi-tech workforce
      • Linux
      • Nokia
  • Same as mid-1900s USA, Japan, Germany, England, France, etc.



No different than good 20th century education!

  • No different than good 20th century education!

  • Ensure foundation first!

    • Administration and teachers
    • Foundational curriculum
    • Measurable student achievement
  • Technology cannot substitute for

  • Institutional foundation.

  • Technology then helpful for

    • Computer literacy
    • Programming
    • Targeted applications






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