Belonochilus numenius, the sycamore seed bug, new record for the Iberian fauna
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Francesc G ESSÉ 1 , Jordi R IBES 2 , Marta G OULA
- Key words
- Identification of Belonochilus numenius
- Figure 2.
- Figure 4.
| Bulletin of Insectology 62 (1): 121-123, 2009 ISSN 1721-8861 Belonochilus numenius, the sycamore seed bug, new record for the Iberian fauna Francesc G ESSÉ 1 , Jordi R IBES 2 , Marta G OULA 1 1 Departament de Biologia Animal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain 2 Museu de Ciències Naturals de la Ciutadella-Zoologia, Barcelona, Spain Abstract Belonochilus numenius (Say) (Heteroptera Lygaeidae) is reported for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula, from two specimens, one at each of two urban areas in Catalonia (Spain). The suspected host plant, Platanus sp., is very common as an ornamental at the collecting sites. This is the second report for the Palaearctic Region, after collections in France (Matocq, 2008).
The worldwide exchange of goods and tourists facili- tates the movement of allochthonous species, often re- ferred to as “aliens”. Italy seems to be the most common door of entrance to Europe, due to its location in the middle of the Mediterranean Basin (Jucker et al., 2008). About 50% of imported species belong to the Hemip- tera, and are scale-insects or aphids. Among true bugs, recent examples of imported species are the sycamore lace bug Corythuca ciliata (Say) (Tingidae) and western conifer seed bug Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Coreidae). Also the American oak lace bug Corythuca arcuata (Say), andromeda lace bug Stephanitis takeyai Drake et Maa and azalea lace bug Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott) have been reported (Jucker et al., 2008), al- though they seem to be less widespread. In Catalonia, the most recent reports of allochthonous species concern L. occidentalis (Ribes et al., 2008), and Arocatus longiceps Stål (Ribes and Pagola-Carte, 2008), a pontomediterranean lygaeid which is expanding its range.
gaeidae) the sycamore seed bug (common name sug- gested by Sweet, 2000), belongs to a group species of family Orsillinae, tribe Orsillini with spiny fore femora, in which European, African and American species may be found (Péricart, 2001). In Ashlock’s (1967) key to world genera of the tribe Orsillini, Belonochilus is reached through the following characters: mesopleuron appearing to overlap propleuron, antenniferous tubercle not produced beyond point of attachment of antenna, profemora armed with a single spine ventrally, vertex without carinae, head long, and anteocular length more than twice length of eye. The genus is monotypic. The few other species described in, or at one time placed in, Belonochilus have been synonymized with numenius or transferred to other genera (Slater, 1964). In the context of the Palaearctic fauna, B. numenius can be easily identified. The only other orsilline genus Figure 1. Dorsal view of B. numenius. Photo: Albert Masó.
(In colour at www.bulletinofinsectology.org) that has armed profemora is Orsillus. Using Péricart’s key on euromediterranean Lygaeidae (Péricart, 1998), B.
Péricart’s opinion, tribes within the subfamily Orsillinae have not yet been resolved; thus he does not include a key to tribes. To include Belonochilus, we propose a slight amendment in the first step of his generic key: 1 (2) Profemora spiny. Rostrum reaching at least the middle of the abdomen. 1a (1b) Profemora with 1 spine. Body elongate, not depressed. Anteocular length more than three times length of eye ..........................................Belonochilus 1b (1a) Profemora with 3 spines. Body oval-elongate, depressed. Anteocular length about twice length of eye .................................................................Orsillus 2 (1) Profemora not spiny. Rostrum at most slightly surpassing the metacoxae. For remaining couplets, refer to Péricart’s key. Figures 1, 2 and 3 allow ready identification of B. nu-
seed balls of the sycamore tree Platanus occidentalis L. (Heidemann, 1902; Wheeler, 1984), which it pierces
122 Figure 2. Lateral view of a female B. numenius. Photo: Marta Goula. (In colour at www.bulletinofinsectology.org)
Marta Goula. (In colour at www.bulletinofinsectology.org) with its very long rostrum. It is considered a specialist on sycamores (plane in Europe) (Schuh and Slater, 1995).
trees of B. numenius (Sweet, 2000). This arboreal niche is considered to be unusual for North American Orsilli- nae (Sweet, 2000). In some cases, the species may be- come a pest on ornamental planes, as for example the London plane (Platanus x acerifolia). Other occasional host plants are goldenrod (Solidago sp.), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.) and willow (Salix sp.) (Wheeler, 1984). Detailed studies from field samples in Pennsylvania, and from rearing in laboratory conditions, permitted the description of life cycle, of egg and fifth instar, as well as diagnoses for the second to fourth instars (Wheeler, 1984). Overwintering occurs as eggs in the plane tree seed balls, mainly those fallen on the floor. Only a few proportion of the first generation population develops in the fruit heads remaining attached to the tree. Number of individuals per fruit, either adults or nymphs, ranged from 0 to more than 50 (average 15/fruit). Hatching be- gins in the first half of April, until early May. Early in- stars keep protected inside the fruiting heads. First adults are found in May 20, and oviposition occurs in the current-season fruits, more rarely in old fruits re- maining on the tree, and never in the old fallen fruit heads. Mating and oviposition of the first generation lasts until June 10, overlapping with all nymphal stages of the second generation. At 20 ºC under natural photo- period, the nymphal period requires an average of 28.8 days. By early October, the species has developed four generations. Eggs deposited by third and fourth genera- tion females represent the overwintering stage. Adults may be found under bark either in autumn or in early spring, which suggests that overwintering adults may be found in more southern (warm) localities (Wheeler, 1984).
The native area of B. numenius is the Nearctic Region. Ashlock (1967) summarizes the distribution of B. nu-
and most of Mexico, between latitudes 15º-45ºN. Slater (1964) and Ashlock and Slater (1988) give a detailed list of USA states and Canadian provinces where the species is known.
Palaearctic by Matocq (2008), through specimens found in Corsica and Languedoc. The present work includes the first records for the Iberian Peninsula (figure 4). The localities of samples from Catalonia are (UTM projec- tion is based in the datum Europe 1950, Spain and Por- tugal): 1) Castelldefels, UTM 31TDF17, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain, 11 VIII 2008, 1 male. On a wall, near a row of ornamental Platanus x hybrida. F. Gessé leg. 2) Barcelona city, Barceloneta area, UTM 31TDF38, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain, 2 IX 2008, 1 female. On the door of a drugstore. J. J. Pérez De Gregorio leg., J. Ribes det. et coll.
123 North American specimens, lent by the American Mu- seum of Natural History of New York, were also stud- ied:
1) Black Mountains, VI. 17, N.C., det. unknown. 1 female, 1 male. 2) USA, New York, Columbia Co., Stockport Marsh, July 1981. R. Schmidt., ex: fruits of Populus del- toides. R. Schmidt det. 1 female, 2 males. Concluding remarks B. numenius has been collected in South France, Corsica and Spain in a very short lapse of time (from August to October 2008). The origin of the importation has not been elucidated in any of both reports. As plane trees are very common as ornamentals, high attention must be payed to possible new records of the sycamore seed bug, which may become a pest in parks and urban areas, although it doesn’t in natural plane tree habitats (Sweet, 2000). As it happened in the past with L. occidentalis and C. ciliata, more records are needed to confirm or not the establishment of B. numenius in Europe, and eventually its noxious effects.
We thank Dr H. Brailovsky (México D.F., México) for confirming the identity of the species, J. J. Pérez De Gregorio (Barcelona, Spain) for lending of sample, A. Masó (Barcelona, Spain) for picture in figure 1, A. Alma (Torino, Italy), C. Ferraccini (Torino, Italy), and A. Gogala (Ljubljana, Slovenja) for their help in inquir- ing about possible previous records of B. numenius, and L. Mata (Barcelona, Spain) for revision of English text.
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(corresponding au- thor, fgesse1963@yahoo.es), Marta G OULA , Departament de Biologia Animal (Artròpodes), Facultat de Biologia, Universi- tat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona (Catalonia), Spain; Jordi R IBES
. Museu de Ciències Naturals de la Ciutadella-Zoologia, Passeig Picasso s/n, E-08003 Bar- celona (Catalonia), Spain. Received December 19, 2008. Accepted April 24, 2009. Yüklə 318,44 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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