Books and other library resources should be provided for the interest, information, and enlightenment of all people of the community the library serves. Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background

Books and other library resources should be provided for the interest, information, and enlightenment of all people of the community the library serves. Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation.

• Books and other library resources should be provided for the interest, information, and enlightenment of all people of the community the library serves. Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation.

Schenk v. United States, 249 U.S. 47,39 s. Ct., L. ed. 2d. (1919)

• Schenk v. United States, 249 U.S. 47,39 s. Ct., L. ed. 2d. (1919)

• Where Chief Justice Holmes and the court set the “clear and present danger test” to judge whether words used “will bring about the substantive evils Congress has the right to prevent”. During wartime, the defendants mailed leaflets to draftees that compared drafted military service to involuntary servitude, or slavery

• Evans v. Selma Union High School District of Fresno County, 222 P. 801 (Ca. 1924)

• The California Supreme Court held that the King James version of the Bible was not specific to a “certain” religion, but is “a work of literature fit to be included in a reference library”.

COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT

• COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT

• BOOK CHALLENGES

• CENSORSHIP

The author does it ,

• The author does it ,

• The publisher does it,

• The librarian does it,

Usually with the best intentions….

• Usually with the best intentions….

• To protect others (mostly children) from “unsafe” ideas

1873: Comstock Law-

• 1873: Comstock Law-

• Designed to stop the mailing of obscene materials to soldiers, and the mailing of these materials through the U.S. postal system

• 1881: Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass; His publisher refused to publish the 7th edition due to it being too “provocative”.

Some of the 100 most challenged books of all time

• Some of the 100 most challenged books of all time

• Scary Stories (Series) by Alvin Schwartz

• The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier

• Harry Potter (Series) by J.K. Rowling

• The Giver by Lois Lowry

• A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L'Engle

• Where's Waldo? by Martin Hanford

• The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain

• CHARLOTTES WEB by E.B. WHITE

Religious organizations

• Religious organizations

• Political parties and governments

• Parents

• Even….

“US Constitution-Amendments” http://www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/pdf/con001.pdf

• “US Constitution-Amendments” http://www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/pdf/con001.pdf

• “Library Bill of Rights” American Library Association http://www.ala.org/ala/oif/statementspols/statementsif/librarybillrights.htm

• “Ben Franklin Quotations”

• http://www.bartleby.com/100/

• Notable First Amendment cases http://www.ala.org/ala/oif/firstamendment/courtcases/courtcases.htm

• “Banned Books Through History” and “Some of the 100 books”