Churches as organizational resources



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Standard errors are in parentheses. * = p<.10, one-tailed. Because coefficients are exponentiated, numbers over 1.00 represent positive associations and numbers below 1.00 represent negative associations.

Table 3. Means and Standard Deviations for Census Tracts within the City of Detroit. (n=367)




Variable

Mean

Standard

Deviation

Minimum

Maximum
















Number of Catholics

1155.86

1244.85

0.00

5890.00

Number of Jews

140.91

686.41

0.00

6981.53

Number of Mainline Protestants

982.02

1233.76

0.00

7159.00

Number of Evangelical Protestants

51.53

251.93

0.00

3570.00

Number of Blacks

646.67

1189.69

0.00

6314.00

Catholic Church Present

0.39

0.49

0.00

1.00

Synagogue Present

0.04

0.20

0.00

1.00

Mainline Church Present

0.64

0.48

0.00

1.00

Evangelical Church Present

0.23

0.42

0.00

1.00

Black Protestant Church Present

0.24

0.43

0.00

1.00

Ave Adjacent Catholic Churches

0.32

0.21

0.00

1.07

Ave Adjacent Synagogues

0.06

0.18

0.00

1.60

Ave Adjacent Mainline

0.80

0.41

0.00

2.63

Ave Adjacent Evangelical

0.23

0.24

0.00

1.50

Ave Adjacent Black Protestant

0.44

0.65

0.00

2.77

Number of Craftsmen

329.27

242.94

0.00

1750.00

Number of Operatives

463.15

280.71

0.00

1825.00

Number of Laborers

101.87

100.00

0.00

650.00

Voting Age Population

2135.94

1375.72

138.00

11695.00

Mean Household Income

3551.51

929.53

933.00

10000.00

Number of Democratic Party Votes

1312.25

831.88

91.50

8826.00

Number of Progressive Party Votes

5.15

6.79

0.00

79.75

Number of Votes Against Proposition No. 3

538.06

375.31

0.00

3322.00

Table 4. Robust Regression Models of Democratic Vote Totals for Stevenson within Census Tract, City of Detroit, 1952.






Model 6

Model 7

Model 8

Number of Catholics

0.000










(0.018)







Number of Jews

0.103*










(0.030)







Number of Mainline Protestants

-0.062*










(0.018)







Number of Evangelical Protestants

-0.044










(0.054)







Number of Black Protestants

0.051*










(0.019)







Catholic Church Present




41.428*










(29.281)




Jewish Synagogue Present




184.300*










(72.644)




Mainline Church Present




-54.438*










(30.222)




Evangelical Church Present




-59.972*










(33.530)




Black Protestant Church Present




146.640*










(40.321)




Ave Adjacent Catholic Churches







48.651










(71.396)

Ave Adjacent Synagogues







1.181










(76.974)

Ave Adjacent Mainline Churches







-123.736*










(35.930)

Ave Adjacent Evangelical Churches







-37.149










(59.320)

Ave Adjacent Black Protestant Churches







111.843*










(24.664)

Mean Tract Income

-0.059*

-0.031*

-0.026




(0.020)

(0.022)

(0.021)

Number of Craftsmen

-0.156*

-0.326*

-0.338*




(0.098)

(0.093)

(0.086)

Number of Operatives

0.476*

0.567*

0.537*




(0.071)

(0.070)

(0.067)

Number of Laborers

0.768*

0.864*

0.851*




(0.183)

(0.188)

(0.174)

Voting Age Population

0.546*

0.549*

0.563*




(0.022)

(0.017)

(0.016)

Constant

149.386*

18.095

45.427




(76.216)

(86.493)

(85.134)

Observations

347

347

347

Adjusted R-squared

0.90

0.89

0.90

Standard errors are in parentheses. * = p<.10, one-tailed.

Table 5. Models of Vote Totals in Detroit Census Tracts for Three Different Political Outcomes.






Model 9: 1952 Democratic Vote

Model 10: 1952 Progressive Vote

Model 11: 1950 No on Prop. 3

Number of Catholics

0.00783

-0.00002

0.00525




(0.01738)

(0.00005)

(0.00884)

Number of Jews

0.08785*

-0.00017

0.05020*




(0.03036)

(0.00008)

(0.01403)

Number of Mainline Protestants

-0.05489*

-0.00008

0.00773




(0.01757)

(0.00006)

(0.00893)

Number of Evangelical Protestants

-0.01896

0.00013

-0.02479




(0.05147)

(0.00018)

(0.02598)

Number of Black Protestants

0.04208*

-0.00008

-0.00706




(0.01779)

(0.00006)

(0.00904)

Catholic Church Present

19.57087

0.01609

20.96313*




(26.53651)

(0.09544)

(13.45696)

Jewish Synagogue Present

46.46330

0.97121*

72.34302*




(72.88876)

(0.24123)

(37.06220)

Mainline Church Present

-47.70996*

0.06974

-16.18262




(27.51697)

(0.11712)

(13.95940)

Evangelical Church Present

-44.60336*

0.00343

5.92507




(30.19795)

(0.12966)

(15.35488)

Black Protestant Church Present

65.58208*

-0.18160

-52.42905*




(39.32984)

(0.15155)

(19.99866)

Ave Adj Catholic Churches

68.07350

-0.24274

2.16769




(68.28371)

(0.24174)

(34.71392)

Ave Adj Synagogues

-42.78348

0.76736*

-10.33293




(76.10623)

(0.18562)

(38.66061)

Ave Adj Mainline Churches

-128.65296*

-0.17348*

-31.72032*




(34.14466)

(0.11009)

(17.20502)

Ave Adj Evangelical Churches

-18.29935

-0.19264

-19.97641




(56.93431)

(0.19435)

(28.91564)

Ave Adj Black Protestant Churches

79.72735*

-0.05470

5.70856




(24.04472)

(0.08134)

(12.21741)

Mean Tract Income

-0.02562

0.00007

0.03322*




(0.02143)

(0.00008)

(0.01081)

Number of Craftsmen

0.00235

-0.00047*

-0.05709




(0.09364)

(0.00027)

(0.04646)

Number of Operatives

0.44336*

0.00070*

-0.04099




(0.06740)

(0.00025)

(0.03425)

Number of Laborers

0.67273*

0.00064

-0.20469*




(0.17733)

(0.00066)

(0.09015)

Voting Age Population

0.54953*

0.00033*

0.23259*




(0.02192)

(0.00007)

(0.01114)

Constant

58.27954

0.63618*

3.91921




(88.20904)

(0.37450)

(44.61776)

Observations

345

345

345

Adjusted R-squared

0.91

.32

0.90

Standard errors in parentheses; * = significant (p < .10, one-tailed). Models 9 & 11 are robust regression models of vote totals with an approximately normally distributed dependent variable. Model 11 is a poisson regression as the dependent variable (votes for the Progressive Party) has many zeros and small counts and has a strong left skew.

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