Contemporary Problems of Social Work Современные проблемы социальной работы academic journal

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VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
In the course of the financial analysis of the organization’s activities must be based on the 
financial reporting data (balance sheet and statement of changes in equity) to calculate the 
basic indicators of the property situation of the company, an analysis of fiscal sustainability, to 
assess the solvency and liquidity of the company.
Analysis of the property allows you to expand the production capacity of the organization, 
based on a fraction of their own funds in the total production capacity. Indicators financial 
sustainability of the enterprise’s financial position is characterized by dependence on sources 
of capital structure, in particular the ratio of debt to equity. The end result of this analysis 
is a set of coefficients, which are determined based on the type of financial stability, which 
characterizes the level of his ability to operate only on its own or a combination of equity and 
debt resources that determines the financial policy.
One of the tasks of financial analysis is the timely identification and elimination of 
shortcomings in financial activities and find the reserves to improve the financial condition 
of the company and of its solvency. The deadlines for each company in the normal functioning 
of market conditions should perform financial analysis. The subject of financial analysis is 
financial resources and their flows.
The main classical methods of financial analysis are:
• Horizontal analysis. In the horizontal analysis determined the absolute and the relative 
magnitude of change (deviation) for various balance sheet items for the period.
• Vertical analysis. Task vertical analysis – a calculation of the proportion of individual 
articles in the overall result, balance sheet or other statements, i.e. revealing the structure of 
the test report by a certain date.
• Trend analysis is a comparison of the studied variables, articles for a number of time periods 
to identify trends that dominate the dynamics of the index. The trend (time series).
• ratio analysis is the study of the level and dynamics of relative indicators of financial 
condition, which is calculated as the ratio of the balance sheet items or other absolute values 
obtained on the basis of the financial statements.
A preliminary assessment of the financial condition of the non-profit organization can be 
made on the basis of horizontal and vertical analysis of the balance of performance estimates 
of income and expenditure.
During the analysis of the financial condition of the organization use the data of the 
following forms of financial statements: balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, 
Appendix to the balance sheet.
Development of measures for more efficient use of financial resources and strengthen the 
financial condition of the company requires a detailed study of existing resources. The economic 
activity of any economic entity it is necessary to allocate resources by type and directions. For 
these purposes, the company creates the unit of financial management, in which conducts its 
financial strategy. The basis of financial management and financial strategy of the enterprise 
keeps the financial statements analysis
In order to properly evaluate the results obtained during the processing of the financial 
statements must also take into account the information that characterizes the industry in which 
the company operates. This study provides the main characteristics of the industry, factors of 
production, which can help determine the prospects of the enterprise sector.
For small businesses embodied in the life of the financial management purposes difficult to 
implement due to lack of funds and, as a consequence of not having frames which give effect 
to the financial management. For this reason, management of small businesses are forced to 
limit their own. In most cases, the activities of small organizations the immediate management 
function assumes the founder of the organization. This fact, in turn, causes a lack of time to carry 
out administrative functions, which can lead to loss of control over the current financial state 
of the organization. Management of the enterprise in addition to the conduct of core activities 

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CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL WORK
should represent the direction of movement of the enterprise development. Hence the need to 
rationally allocate their time and opportunities to attract additional material and human resources 
for the successful implementation of the monitoring of current economic activity and further 
business planning. These provisions are the basis for the successful implementation of financial 
management strategies.
As with any business the main part of financial management will be a financial analysis of the 
company. But at the same time the organization will face a number of complications. For small 
businesses the situation is complicated by the fact that many of them are made in the simplified 
tax system and, therefore, used a simplified version of the accounting [21]. This fact seriously 
complicates the possibility of financial analysis for a full analysis of liquidity, solvency, financial 
stability and the probability of bankruptcy diagnostics company simplified accounting data is not 
enough. But while any economic entity maintains its accounting records and prepares its financial 
statements, which in this case will be the basis of financial management. Consequently, the full 
financial statements for internal use should be maintained at least for internal company purposes.
From this it can be concluded that the use of the financial statements for financial 
management purposes leader requires a system analysis of available financial statements [11].
Often, however, the leadership of a small enterprise reporting capabilities not available 
due to lack of an appropriate analysis of economic education, or lack of time. In this case the 
function of the analysis of financial statements may be delegated by the accounting service, 
which is engaged in bookkeeping. This process may require additional cost, but the company 
executives will receive expert information according to operations of the organization.
Many small businesses in the structure of their liabilities are borrowings. Also, small businesses 
often cannot exist without the advances of its products, increasing accounts payable organization. 
Due to the instability of the advance payment system increases the risk of delay payments on loans 
and, in some cases, failure to pay them. This circumstance gives rise to a debt organization.
As is known, any company whose purpose is to improve the efficiency of the enterprise, aims 
to ultimately increase their profits. Currently proposed are many ways by which the organization 
of work efficiency can be greatly increased. The most common methods are to minimize the 
current expenses of the enterprise. The company’s management may go here how to purchase 
materials at low prices, and to reduce the number of personnel or reducing the payroll. However, 
many managers forget that the main objective of the enterprise is not any reduction in costs, 
and coordinated and effective work. Heads cut staff to survive today, but forget that they risk 
all to be ruined in the future. Of course, organizations need to control costs, but do not try to 
save money on the things on which depends the future of the enterprise.
The second way, which will result in improving the efficiency of the enterprise, is to carry out 
modernization. Moreover, modifications can be carried out by any stretch. Typically, this could 
be the introduction of modern software industrial – old exchange to a new equipment that 
will operate with greater efficiency. Also, modifications can be to create a corporate system of 
government, business automation. This also includes the introduction of electronic document 
management, the creation of corporate web portals. Of course, this method of modernization 
will necessarily lead to a significant increase in the efficiency of the enterprise.
Recently, another good way to improve the efficiency of the enterprise is the introduction of 
the management system. Moreover, such systems are not developed on its experience and are 
adopted by those organizations that practice this method for a long time. The most common 
today: the theory of constraints systems and quality management system. Such changes and are 
even some problems, but in the end they are most effective.
In addition to the above ways to increase the efficiency of the organization is widely spread 
and the method of brainstorming. As a rule, are involved in this process, the head and his 
deputies. The results obtained in the course of the assault on offer is also very useful to improve 
the efficiency of the organization of small businesses.

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