Dynamic Changes In Hydroecological Conditions For The Distribution Of Sokh Cones And Issues Of Their Protection Mirzahmedov Ismoiljon Karimjon ugli

Nature and Science 2023, 21(1) http://www.sciencepub.net/nature

Dynamic Changes In Hydroecological Conditions For The Distribution Of Sokh Cones And Issues Of Their Protection


Mirzahmedov Ismoiljon Karimjon ugli

Namangan State University, Docent of the Department of Geography, PhD

Namangan city, Uzbekistan
E-mail address: [e-mail]


Annotation. The article Fergana Valley soils were protected lands until the beginning of our century, and were developed at a high speed by digging the Big Fergana, Southern Fergana, Okhunboboev and other canals. The construction of large inter-farm reservoirs has reduced the level of water. The salinity of large salt marshes and highly saline lands has decreased to moderate or low salinity. However, the development of Fergana hills and desert massifs leads to the expansion of the area of saline lands in Central Fergana.
[Mirzahmedov I.K.] Dynamic Changes In Hydroecological Conditions For The Distribution Of Sokh Cones And Issues Of Their Protection. Nat Sci 2023, 21(1): xx-xx]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 10.doi:10.7537/marsnsj200922.10.


Key words: enclave, exclave, enclave complex, “geopolitical archipelago”, “matryoshka”, delimitation, demarcation.


1. Introduction
Currently, the requirements for information about the chemical composition of natural waters, the laws and trends of its change are increasing, and for many decades, work has been carried out on the collection of hydrochemical data. Retrospective data retrieval for landscape-ecological forecasting and environmental monitoring is of particular importance in the reconstruction of hydrochemical time series. Studying the seasonal water level in rivers is an urgent problem of our time. Research on the rivers of Uzbekistan is especially necessary.
Fergana Valley soils were protected lands until the beginning of our century, and were developed at a high speed by digging the Big Fergana, Southern Fergana, Okhunboboev and other canals. The construction of large inter-farm reservoirs has reduced the level of water. The salinity of large salt marshes and highly saline lands has decreased to moderate or low salinity. However, the development of Fergana hills and desert massifs leads to the expansion of the area of saline lands in Central Fergana.
Deterioration of collector-drainage systems, use of ditch water for irrigation has the same effect. The salinization of hills is completely different from that of Central Fagana. Salinity in these areas depends on the complex configuration of regional aquifers and the salinity of the rocks that make up the hills. At the beginning of our century, soil scientists studied the hills only for the purpose of raising cattle and carrying out dry farming. He did not think about irrigating the hills in difficult water conditions and did not say anything about salinization because the upper layers are not saline.
However, due to the complex lithological structure of the hills, after the implementation of irrigation, the complex impermeable layer and the ancient salinity of the rocks were revealed. Due to improper use of water in the hills, these two conditions are causing secondary salinity during irrigation. Therefore, if the salinity map made in the 1930s shows that the hills are not salted, the current salinity map shows that the hills are salted to different degrees and even salt marshes are formed.
In the conditions where the complex waterproof layer is located close to the surface of the earth, the collector and ditches are less affected. It will not be possible to lower the water level. Collecting data on their depth, level of mineralization, chemical composition, and other characteristics, especially quantitative indicators, is of great importance for melioration assessment of groundwater distribution character, natural conditions, seasonal change regime, and other hydrogeological features of the plains. Such information is very necessary in soil reclamation assessment (Table 1).
The degree of mineralization of underground water in most cases determines the salinity of irrigated soils, and the degree of waterlogging of near-surface waters. Groundwater has a strong influence on the soil cover, changing its optimal reclamation regime. Therefore, the higher the groundwater level, the stronger the hydromorphic regime, and vice versa, the lower the groundwater level, the stronger the semi-automorphic and automorphic regimes. Therefore, the role of underground water in the transformation of automorphic geocomplexes to hydromorphic and hydromorphic geocomplexes to automorphic is extremely large.