Bryan Palaszewski Digital Learning Network NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field
Introduction Why electric propulsion? Some history Future missions and vehicles
Solar Electric Propulsion Module
Why High Exhaust Velocity Is Important
Chemical & Electric Propulsion Have Intrinsic Differences
Solar and Nuclear Electric Propulsion Subsystems
Electric Propulsion Historical Overview 1903 -- K. E. Tsiolkovsky derived the “Tsiolkovsky” or “Rocket” Equation commonly used to show the benefits of electric propulsion 1906 -- R. Goddard wrote about the possibility of electric rockets 1911 -- K. E. Tsiolkovsky independently wrote about electric rockets 1929 -- World’s first electric thruster demonstrated by V. P. Glushko at the Gas Dynamics Laboratory in Lenningrad 1960 -- First “broad-beam” ion thruster operated in the U.S. at the NASA Lewis (now Glenn) Research Center
Electric Propulsion Historical Overview 1964 -- First successful sub-orbital demonstration of an ion engine (SERT I) by the U.S. 1964 -- First use of an electric thruster on an interplanetary probe (Zond 2) by the USSR 1970 -- Long duration test of mercury ion thrusters in space (SERT II) by the U.S. 1972 -- First operation of a xenon stationary plasma thruster (SPT-50) in space (Meteor) by the USSR 1993 -- First use of hydrazine arcjets on a commercial communications satellite (Telstar 401) by the U.S.
The First Electric Thruster Developed by V. P Glushko at the Gas Dynamics Laboratory in Lenningrad, 1929 - 1933 Solid and Liquid Conductors Were Vaporized by High Current Discharges in the Plenum Chamber and Expanded Through the Nozzle Power Provided by 40 kV, 4 mF Capacitors
Electrostatic Electrothermal Electromagnetic - Magneto plasma dynamic (MPD)
- Many others
Types Of Electric Thrusters
Ion Thruster
Ion Thruster
Ion Thruster Layout
Hall Thruster
Hall Thruster
Hydrazine Arcjet
Arcjet Thruster
Arcjet Thruster
Magneto Plasma Dynamic (MPD) Thruster
Magneto Plasma Dynamic (MPD) Thruster
Pulsed Plasma Thruster
Pulsed Plasma Thruster
NASA Glenn Electric Propulsion Laboratory (EPL)
NASA Glenn Electric Propulsion Laboratory (EPL) Contributions On September 23, 2001, the Deep Space 1 ion thruster set a record of 16,000 hrs. of operation while propelling the spacecraft on its encounter with Comet Borrelly. In preparation of MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) probe mission, VF-6 was used to characterize components under a 10-sun solar insolation environment. On December 3, 2000, hollow cathodes, which were developed at GRC and tested in VF-5 as part of the Plasma Contactor Unit, began protecting the International Space Station from harmful space plasma voltage potentials.
NASA Glenn Electric Propulsion Laboratory (EPL) Contributions A refractive secondary concentrator (RSC) achieved temperatures of 1455 Kelvin with an 87% throughput in VF-6. On January 4, 2002, a pulsed plasma thruster on Earth Observing 1 demonstrated a highly fuel efficient method of controlling spacecraft attitude and "pointability." Conducted first integrated solar dynamic system test from solar input to electrical power in VF-6.
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Neptune and Ion Thruster
Pluto
Deep Space 1
Deep Space 1 Thruster / Spacecraft Compatibility Testing
Deep Space 1 Thruster
Launch of Deep Space 1 Launch of Deep Space 1 Boeing Delta II (7326) Rocket October 24, 1998
Autonomous Navigation
Comet Borrelly
Comet Borrelly
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