Faà di Bruno, Giovanni Matteo [Horatio, Orazio] 83
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- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Frankl, Peter
Frankfurt an der Oder.City in Germany, located on the border with Poland. Only a short time after its foundation in 1253 by Franconian merchants the town had acquired great wealth, in particular through its position as a chief port of reshipment for Hanseatic merchandise in the east German interior and as the site of an important bridge across the middle reaches of the Oder. The town’s musical life was primarily the responsibility of the town council and several churches, including St Marien, St Nikolaus (since 1929 the Friedenskirche) and the Franciscan church. The archives with details of early musical practice were largely destroyed during World War II. From the early 16th century Frankfurt was one of Germany’s largest printing and publishing centres and the chief port of reshipment for German prints and musical publications destined for northern and eastern Europe. With the foundation in 1506 of its university, the Viadrina, Frankfurt began to develop as a great centre of humanist learning; there was also a prominent law school, and the liberal arts flourished. (The Viadrina was moved to Breslau, now Wrocław, in 1811.) In 1991 the Europa-Universittät Viadrina was founded. Jodocus Willich, a Renaissance humanist, taught music theory at the Viadrina (1522–39) and founded a collegium musicum (c1530); his circle of musical scholars and citizens numbered up to 12. The Frankfurt group of lutenists, notably Benedict de Drusina, Matthäus Waissel and Gregor Krengel, became widely known outside the town. The most influential Kantors included Gregor Lange (1574–9), Friedrich Pittan (1591–3) and, especially, Bartholomäus Gesius (1593–1613). Well-known town pipers and organists who were employed by the municipality and at St Marien included the civic director of music Paul Lütkeman and the organists Johann Horneburg and Michael Praetorius. The latter came to Frankfurt on account of his brothers Johann and Andreas, who were professors at the Viadrina; after studying there (from 1585) he became organist at St Marien (1587 to 1589–90). Musical culture did not extend to the townspeople until after the Thirty Years War. C.P.E. Bach studied in Frankfurt from 1734 to 1738, receiving his first formative stimuli there. He founded an academic music society during that time and also conducted and composed for public ceremonies. In 1815 a choral society was formed by a group of amateur mixed choirs with the aim of bringing music to the townspeople through concerts. The Frankfurt Stadttheater opned in 1842 with Lortzing’s Zar und Zimmermann. The organ building firm of Sauer was established in Frankfurt in 1857; a Philharmonic Society gave three subscription concerts each year during the period 1871–95. Among influential musicians in the 19th century were the conductors and organists Leichsenring, G. Vierling and F. Wrede. From 1870 the noteworthy composer-performer Paul Blumenthal was organist at both of the main churches. In 1929 a music centre was established in association with the Charlottenburg academy. It offered courses for both amateurs and professionals, and was a centre of the youth music movement until 1943. New musical activities began to establish themselves soon after World War II. Several concert series (such as the Konzerte auf Historischen Instrumenten in the Viadrina Museum and the Hausmusik bei Kleist) became part of musical life, and the Kantor, organist and composer Hans Stein played a decisive role. The former Franciscan church (dating from the 13th century) has been the centre of Frankfurt's concert life since 1967. As the Konzerthalle ‘Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach’ it mounts a great variety of symphonic, chamber, choral and organ concerts. An annual festival has been held there since 1966. The great concert organ from the Sauer workshop was installed in 1975, and is at the same time the home of the Singakademie and the Frankfurt an der Oder PO (since 1995 the Brandenburgisches Staatsorchester). The hall is a centre of research into the music of C.P.E. Bach, and houses a permanent exhibition devoted to his life and works. Since 1975 the Viadrina Museum has held a valuable collection of historical instruments. After the political turning point of 1989, far-reaching changes took place in Frankfurt's musical life, which began reaching out increasingly towards Poland.
HANS-GÜNTER OTTENBERG Frankl, Peter(b Budapest, 2 Oct 1935). British pianist of Hungarian birth. As a child he studied the piano at the Franz Liszt Academy, with Ernö Szegedi and Lajos Hernadi, later joining the classes of Leo Weiner, Kodály, Szabolcsi and Antal Molnár; in 1950 he made his Budapest concert début. Immediately he completed his studies he won the 1957 Marguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud competition in Paris, winning also (with the violinist György Pauk, a partner since boyhood) the Munich Sonata competition in September that year. A third important success, the Rio de Janeiro Prize (1959), initiated an international career; his London début (6 May 1962) was at the Wigmore Hall and he made London his home the same year. A musician of wide tastes, generous technique and powerful concentration, he is also a celebrated chamber music performer. In 1972 he formed a trio with Pauk and the cellist Ralph Kirshbaum, a group whose performances are notable for their spirit and spontaneity; their 25th anniversary in 1997 was celebrated with concert series in several countries. As well as chamber music, Frankl has made acclaimed recordings of the complete piano works of Schumann and Debussy. JESSICA DUCHEN Yüklə 17,54 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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