3
2.
Development of key criteria regarding the thematic
operational fields for environment and development
Explanation (based on the mentioned indicators or categories)
Sources
2.1
Sustainable natural resource management and preserving
biodiversity
Explanation (based on the mentioned indicators or categories)
Sources
2.1.1
Status and development trends of ecologically
appropriate, diversified agriculture and organic
farming
Percentage of land that is cultivated under a low input strategy,
Percentage of cultivated land with ecological certification,
Percentage of farms with ecological certification,
Percentage of selected crops that is produced organically,
National legislation considering organic
production,
Specific services (advisory services, marketing services) for organic production,
National/state programme to incentive organic farming.
2.1.2
Status and trends in the use of genetically modified
organisms
Percentage of agricultural production with genetically modified organisms (plants, animals),
Legislation (national, state) and tendency of this legislation on the use of genetically modified
organisms,
Applied research on the use of genetically modified organisms.
2.1.3
Status and trends in land rights and land use rights and in
sustainable long-term land-use planning
Land right laws (private land, common land, state land),
Percentage of land under dispute,
Clear classification of land-use categories and administrative enforcement of these categories
(protected areas, areas of low intensity production, areas of high intensity production).
2.1.4
Status of protected areas and resource
conservation
Strategies (e.g. innovative incentives) for the development of protected areas,
National/state programmes to protect environmental sensitive areas (subsidies, competitions),
Percentage of the national area under environmental protection,
Are there laws and regulations sanctioning the violation of protected areas,
National/state projects to promote organic farming.
2.1.5
Supporting sustainable forest and timber management
Percentage of national forest area under certified production,Percentage of certified
timber,Existence of REDD activities,Tendency of forest coverage (increasing/decreasing),Existing
management concepts on national/state level.
2.1.6
Environmental awareness of the population
Presence and strength of civil society organisations working on environmental protection,
Environmental issues as a topic in formal education (curriculum),
Presence and strength of conflicts over the use vs. protection of resources.
2.1.7
Sustainable tourism
concepts
Development of tourism products that create economic value based on preserved nature,
Tourism concepts that protect the environment and help to preserve endangered habitat or
species,
CO2 reducing concepts of tourism and of transport in tourism (tourism re: mountains, lakes,
farms, rural culture, national parks, wild life, marketing of local farming products)
Environmental awareness raising among local population and tourists.
4
2.1.8
Sustainable tourism
management concepts
Enterprises develop and adopt activities and concepts that manage tourism
infrastructure based
on sustainable natural resources,
Local/ national government develop and adopt tourism activities and concepts based on
sustainable natural resources,
Networks and civil society support environmentally sustainable tourism management.
2.1.9
Risks and potentials
2.2
Sustainable chemicals and waste management
Explanation (based on the mentioned indicators or categories)
Sources
2.2.1
Supporting safe handling, trade and disposal of chemicals Ratification and level of implementation of international agreements (i.e. International Code of
Conduct on Pesticide Management)Existence and enforcement of bans on particularly hazardous
substances,Number and level of application of substitution substances,Percentage of facilities with
environmentally sound management of chemicals and hazardous waste,Frequency and severity of
cases attributable to exposure to chemicals (land, water, people affected).
2.2.2
Raising awareness in politics and society
Presence and strength of institutions (policy, industry and NGOs) working on toxic
chemicals,
Presence and quality of public information on the potential hazards of toxic chemicals,
Presence and strength of conflicts over hazards of toxic chemicals,
Implementation of international efforts for harmonised and easily identifiable pictographs on
hazards.
2.2.3
Contributing to cleaner production in agriculture, trade
and industry
Institutional, policy, legal and regulatory framework for sustainable management of chemicals
and waste including enforcement and implementation,
Number of regulations and financial incentives developed to reduce the use of chemicals of
highest concern and promote and substitute with safe alternatives,
Increased development and use of chemical alternatives,
Percentage of companies involved in ecological production.
2.2.4
Supporting sustainable waste management
Integration of sustainable waste management into national and sectoral policies,
Occurrence and size of waste dumps and landfills at the local level,
Number of facilities for environmentally sound collection, disposal and use of solid waste and
effectiveness of their work.
2.2.5
Risks and potentials
2.3
Climate protection
Explanation (based on the mentioned indicators or categories)
Sources
2.3.1
Contributing to improved energy efficiency and
disseminating renewable energy
CO2-emissions from fossil fuels and trends,Percentage and trends of share of renewable energy in
the energy mix,Percentage and trends of share of biomass and/or specific projects for producing
agro-fuels,Energy efficiency rates and development in key sectors (industry, transport, building
etc.),Existence and implementation of national/regional policies e.g. NAMA (Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Action), LEDS (Low Emissions Development Strategies).
2.3.2
Reducing emissions from land use, land use changes and
forest management
Rates and CO2-emissions from deforestation,
Percentage of sustainably managed forests,
Emissions and trends from industrialised livestock farming and the use of fertilizer in farming,
Percentage of organic farming and/or agroforestry,
Existence and implementation of national/regional policies, e.g. NAMA, LEDS.