Fact Sheet 1 - Albania - 7813-04/2007
1.7
Functionality and strength of governmental organisation and
NGOs
The Ministry of Environment is functional in Albania with varying scope and responsibilities as decided by the changing governments. The current one
includes under its responsibility several agencies national and regional such as: Regional Environmental Agencies, Directorates of Forest Service, Agencies of
Water and Basins as well as the Inter‐institutional Operational Sea Centre.
The former Environment and Forests Agency was re‐organised in January 2015 and renamed National Environment Agency. Its administrative capacity was
strengthened. A State Inspectorate of Environment Forests and Waters (SIE) was also established in 2015. According to the EU Progress Report 2014 on
Albania, the environmental inspection system has limited resources and do not provide a credible guarantee that infringements are being properly monitored
and punished.
Local government units have responsibilities especially related to water supply and sanitation and waste management. It has to be mentioned that waste
management is a challenge in the country. Environmental civil society and civic movement has seen a certain maturity as in various occasions civil support
has been gathered through media awareness and recently social media on hot discussion topics as far as important decisions with large impact on
environment is concerned. Some crucial ones can be mentioned such as the civil alliance against the processing of imported waste from Italy, the civil alliance
and street protests against the Syrian chemical weapons that were considered to be dismantled in Albania back in 2013 as well as protests and lawsuits on
certain construction permits in environmentally sensitive areas such as around the lake in Tirana.
Environmental civil society has also received support from international actors within and outside Albania. Global Environmental Facility continues to be
active and the country is preparing for its 6th round. In addition, a programme (2013 – 2015) financed by the Swedish government and implemented by the
Regional Environmental Centre (Support for Environmental Civil Society Organisatons in Albania ‐ SENiOR‐A) aims to strengthen and specialize
environmental civil society in Albania through articulating community needs, provide services and support, develop partnerships and networks, capable to
address country environmental priorities and progress towards sustainable development.
See list of documents
1.8
Improved possibility of implementing multilateral
environmental agreements
Albania is already beneficiary of international support from various partners including the UNDP, GIZ, ADA, Switzerland as well as recipient of World Bank
loans. It is particularly worth mentioning that the government is currently entering a new phase of implementing EU IPA support through budget support.
While the field of environment is not part of the initial six priority sectors (social policies, water, public administration, property rights, competitiveness)
these areas will most certainly include elements of environmental support that will further be explored. This new way of delivering EU assistance will put the
government in the centre of coordination and prioritization of interventions and will also hold it accountable for absorption and implementation capabilities.
See list of documents
1.9
Others
‐ Public consultation on public investments and participation in legislative initiatives need to be fostered.
‐ More strategic approach for the country is needed.
‐ Strengthen administrative capacity and interinstitutional cooperation.
‐ The Law on environmental impact assessment and the Law on environmental permits are not aligned with the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive.
‐ The Environment Ministry’s capacity for programming and implementation remains weak.
‐ Strengthen law enforcement, including training of judges, prosecutors and police on environmental issues.
‐ Limited administrative capacity and weak interinstitutional cooperation.
‐ Low implementation and enforcement levels.
2.
Development of key criteria regarding the thematic
operational fields for environment and development
Explanation
Sources
2.1
Sustainable natural resource management and preserving
biodiversity
Explanation
Sources
2.2
Sustainable chemicals and waste management
Explanation
Sources
2.3
Climate protection
Explanation
Sources
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Fact Sheet 1 - Albania - 7813-04/2007
2.4
Water and sanitation
Explanation
Sources
(i) Early stage, little progress, law on integrated water management was adopted.
(ii) Improved water sources: 96% access stays the same from 2005 to 2012.
Improved sanitation: access improves from 87% (2005) to 91 (2012).
(v) Drinking water coverage estimates ‐ Albania
Piped onto premises:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 96; 2012: 91.
‐ rural (%): 1995: 40; 2012: 63.
‐ total (%): 1995: 62; 2012: 78.
Other improved source:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 4; 2012: 6.
‐ rural (%): 1995: 54; 2012: 31.
‐ total (%): 1995: 34; 2012: 18.
Other unimproved:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 3.
‐ rural (%): 1995: 4; 2012: 6.
‐ total (%): 1995: 3; 2012: 4.
Surface water:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 0.
‐ rural (%): 1995: 2; 2012: 0.
‐ total (%): 1995: 1; 2012: 0.
Santiation coverage estimates ‐ Albania
Improved facilities:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 95; 2012: 95.
‐ rural (%): 1990: 71; 2012: 86.
‐ total (%): 1990: 79; 2012: 91.
Shared facilities:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 4; 2012: 4.
‐ rural (%): 1990: 8; 2012: 9.
‐ total (%): 1990: 6; 2012: 7.
(i), (ii), (v), (xv)
Other unimproved:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 1.
‐ rural (%): 1990: 20; 2012: 4.
‐ total (%): 1990: 14; 2012: 2.
Open defecation:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 0.
‐ rural (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 1.
‐ total (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 0.
(xv) Water quantity available for many people increased; in irrigation, not much was done; improved sewerage in major cities; sector still remains far behind
because of its inefficiency.
Status and trends regarding the improvement of basic services
and health (sector objective)
2.4.1
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