Flora survey guideline
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| NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
Prepared by: Conservation and Biodiversity Policy Unit, Department of Environment and Heritage Protection The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY) licence.
Under this licence you are free, without having to seek our permission, to use this publication in accordance with the licence terms. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland as the source of the publication. For more information on this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en
Service (TIS National) on 131 450 and ask them to telephone Library Services on +61 7 3170 5470.
This publication can be made available in an alternative format (e.g. large print or audiotape) on request for people with vision impairment; phone +61 7 3170 5470 or email
This flora survey guideline has been prepared by the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection in consultation with relevant government agencies, industry representatives, ecological consultants and members of the public.
© State of Queensland, December 2016 NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
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Contents 1. Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Background ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 3. Determining the need for a flora survey and flora survey report .............................................................................. 2
3.1 Statutory requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 2 3.2 Further information .............................................................................................................................................. 3
4. Determining who may undertake a flora survey ....................................................................................................... 3 4.1 Statutory requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 3
4.2 Guideline requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 3 4.2.1 Suitably qualified person .............................................................................................................................. 3
4.2.2 Certifying that you are a suitably qualified person ....................................................................................... 4 4.3 Further information .............................................................................................................................................. 4
5. Determining the extent of the area to be surveyed .................................................................................................. 5 5.1 Statutory requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 5
5.2 Guideline requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 5 5.3 Further information .............................................................................................................................................. 5
6. Determining the most appropriate flora survey method ........................................................................................... 6 6.1 Statutory requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 6
6.2 Guideline requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 6 6.2.1 Desktop assessment .................................................................................................................................... 6
6.2.2 Timed meander survey ................................................................................................................................. 6 6.2.3 Systematic transect search .......................................................................................................................... 7
6.2.4 Alternative survey methodology ................................................................................................................... 7 6.2.5 Unidentified plant species ............................................................................................................................ 7
6.2.6 EVNT population survey ............................................................................................................................... 7 6.2.7 EVNT plot survey .......................................................................................................................................... 7
6.3 Further information .............................................................................................................................................. 8 7. Flora survey reports .................................................................................................................................................. 8
7.1 Statutory requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 8 7.2 Guideline requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 8
7.3 Further information .............................................................................................................................................. 9 8. Contact details .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
9. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................... 10 Attachment 1 – Summary of exemptions from survey requirements when clearing protected plants ....................... 11 Attachment 2 – Example of how a suitably qualified person may determine the extent of an area to be surveyed. 14 Attachment 3 – Reference materials and additional resources .................................................................................. 15
Flora Survey Guidelines - Protected Plants
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Section 253(1) of the Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 (the wildlife management regulation, or WM Regulation ) states that ‘the chief executive may, by gazette notice, approve or make guidelines (the flora survey guidelines) about the conduct of a flora survey’. This guideline constitutes the approved flora survey guidelines. Section 253(2) of the wildlife management regulation states that ‘ the flora survey guidelines may, for example, contain requirements or provisions about the following —
(a) who may undertake a flora survey; (b) the extent of an area to be surveyed; (c) information to be included in a flora survey report, including, for example, a map or plan showing the clearing impact area.’
The purpose of this guideline is to detail the requirements of the flora survey guideline regarding —
Who is suitably qualified to undertake a flora survey (see section 4.2);
What flora survey methods must be used (see section 6.2); and
What must be included in a flora survey report (see section 7.2). This guideline also references some statutory requirements and provides some further information, however the statutory requirements and further information are provided herein for the purposes of context only. Note: When interpreting this guideline, any words present in italics have a specific meaning and are defined in ‘ section 9 - definitions'. Words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural include the singular. 2. Background Section 89 of the Nature Conservation Act 1992 (the Act) includes that ‘a person, other tha n an authorised person, must not take a protected plant that is in the wild unless the plant is taken under —
(a) a conservation plan applicable to the plant; or (b) a licence, permit or other authority issued or given under a regulation; or (c) an exemption under a regulation. Maximum penalty —
— 3000 penalty units or 2 years imprisonment; or (b) for a class 2 offence —1000 penalty units or 1 year’s imprisonment; or
(c) for a class 3 offence — 225 penalty units; or (d) for a class 4 offence — 165 penalty units. The Queensland Government has adopted a risk-based approach to the regulation of protected plants under the Act. The protected plants framework focuses regulatory, educational and compliance effort on activities that pose a high risk to plant biodiversity. Under the framework, when a non-exempt clearing activity is proposed within a high risk area, the proponent of that activity is required to complete a flora survey prior to commencement of clearing. The main objective of a flora survey is to locate any endangered, vulnerable or near threatened plants (EVNT
A flowchart outlining the process and requirements for protected plants in Queensland has been provided as Flowchart 1 below.
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Flowchart 1: Process and requirements for protected plants in Queensland 3. Determining the need for a flora survey and flora survey report 3.1 Statutory requirements Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 Section 254(1) ‘Before starting any clearing, a person must check the flora survey trigger map to find out if any part of the area to be clea red is within a high risk area’; Section 256 ’If any part of an area to be cleared is within a high risk area…before any clearing is started, a flora survey must be undertaken of the clearing impact area’;
Section 250(1) ‘A flora survey is a survey undertaken to identify whether EVNT plants are present within a clearing impact area’ ; However, a range of exemptions may apply, i.e. situations where a flora survey is not required. Refer to attachment 1 for full information, or refer to the wildlife management regulation. Yes
Yes No
No Yes
No Is your clearing activity exempt under the WM Regulation (excluding s 261ZA)? See Attachment 1 for further details Clearing can occur in accordance with s 261Z of the WM Regulation
A clearing Permit may be required. Discuss issue with EHP Have you become aware that EVNT plants are in any part of the area to be cleared? Guideline does apply, complete all guideline requirements
not apply Is any part of the area to be cleared in a high risk area of the flora survey trigger map? No
Clearing can occur in accordance with s 261ZA of the WM
A clearing Permit may be required. Discuss issue with EHP Yes
Does flora survey report show any EVNT plants in any part of the area to be cleared?
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3 3.2 Further information Clearing activities may be exempt from this framework for a number of reasons. Full details are included in Attachment 1. The exemptions relate to:
A plant not being “in the wild” (refer dictionary in Nature Conservation Act 1992);
Imminent risk of serious damage to a building or other structure on land, or to personal property (refer s261B);
Fire and Rescue Service (refer 261C);
Previously cleared areas (refer s261ZB);
Maintenance activities (refer s261ZC);
Firebreak or fire management line (refer s261ZD);
Self-assessable vegetation clearing code (refer s261ZE);
Conservation purposes (refer s261ZG); and
Authorised in particular circumstances (refer s385). 4. Determining who may undertake a flora survey 4.1 Statutory requirements Section 253(2) ‘T he flora survey guidelines may, for example, contain requirements or provisions about… who may undertake a flora survey’
. 4.2 Guideline requirements Flora surveys must be co-ordinated and led by a suitably qualified person. 4.2.1 Suitably qualified person A suitably qualified person is —
or (b) a person whom the chief executive has agreed in writing is a suitably qualified person, due to the person possessing a very high standard of appropriate skills and/or experience. The self-assessment grading system is divided into two components:
Component 2: Field Experience. Table 1: Suitably Qualified Person Self-Assessment Grading System COMPONENT 1: QUALIFICATION KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY Conditions Points allocated A relevant qualification from a recognised institution (e.g. University, TAFE) that results in a thorough knowledge of plant identification and flora surveys. General training (not Aust. or QLD focussed); OR 30 Australian focussed training; OR 40 Queensland focussed training 50 Regional ecosystem training by a recognised and qualified institution, such as the Queensland Herbarium.
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4 COMPONENT 1: QUALIFICATION KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY Conditions Points allocated Member of a recognised group / certificate program relevant to ecology/botany, where skills/knowledge are demonstrated to be granted membership. E.g. Certified Environmental Practitioner (CEnvP) Program
5 Lead author of articles/papers published in peer reviewed journals in relation to Qld flora surveys, Qld plant identification, or Qld EVNT plants. 10 points per paper to a maximum of 50 points 10
Pre-existing Commonwealth Government accreditation for flora surveys under the EPBC Act (1999)
30
COMPONENT 2: FIELD EXPERIENCE
Experience within the last 2 years and a total of at least 5 years at leading flora surveys in a field-based environment at a rate of no less than 5 comprehensive botanical surveys that focus on locating and identifying EVNT plants, per year. General (not Aust. based); OR 40 Australian based survey experience; OR 50
Qld based field flora surveys experience 60 Number of plant specimens you have collected that have been retained/incorporated into the Queensland Herbarium collection: 5 points per 5 plant specimens retained/incorporated, to a maximum of 40 points 5
The suitably qualified person must provide, with their flora survey report, either: (a) Their curricula vitae, and any supporting documentation necessary to certify that they meet the requirements of the self-assessment grading system; or (b) Where curricula vitae and supporting documentation have already been provided to the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (EHP) through a previous process, a clear indication of which application this was previously provided with; or (c) A copy of the chief executive’s written agreement that they are a suitably qualified person , which must be sought via a Request form – Variation from the flora survey guidelines . 4.3 Further information A ‘relevant qualification’ may include one focused on:
Botany
Environmental Science
Environmental Management
Ecology
Natural Resource Management
Horticulture
Arboriculture. A suitably qualified person is not required to be independent of the project proponent, provided that their skills and experience are appropriate. Surveys may be conducted by teams that include members that do not meet the 100 point requirement, provided that they are working under the close supervision of a suitably qualified person.
survey report as per section 7.2 of this guideline. NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
5 5. Determining the extent of the area to be surveyed 5.1 Statutory requirements Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 Section 256 ‘if any part of an area to be cleared is within a high risk area…before any clearing is started, a flora survey must be undertaken of the clearing impact area’;
Section 249(1) ‘A clearing impact area means— an area to be cleared to the extent it is within a high risk area; and a buffer zone that is an additional area of 100m…or less than 100m agreed by the chief executive’;
Section 249(2) The chief executive may agree to a reduced buffer zone if ‘(a) it is not reasonably practica ble for a flora survey to be undertaken of a buffer zone that is an area of 100m in width around the boundary of [the area to be cleared]… or (b) a reduction in the width of the buffer zone is consistent with any requirements of the flora survey guidelines ’ ;
, for example, contain requirements or provisions about…the extent of an area to be surveyed.
s both the ‘area to be cleared’ (to the extent it is within a high risk area) and a ‘buffer zone’.
Under this guideline, and in accordance with section 249(2) of the wildlife management regulation the chief executive authorises a reduced buffer zone in the following circumstances:
it is not reasonably practicable for a flora survey to be undertaken in an area of the buffer zone because landholder consent to access the area cannot be obtained despite all reasonable attempts (s 249(2)(a)); or
property of less than 1,000m2 that has a permanent dwelling or building (s 249(2)(b)); or
an area of the buffer zone is a highly modified environment (s 249(2)(b)); or
an area of the buffer zone is highly unlikely to be impacted as it is separated from the area to be cleared by an area of highly modified environment that is at least 30 metres wide (s 249(2)(b)). However, only where the suitably qualified person certifies in the flora survey report, and includes supporting information. In this guideline, a highly modified environment is only: (a) a gravel or bitumen road; (b) an impervious surface; (c) land that is regularly being mowed, slashed or ploughed; or (d) any combination of (a), (b) and (c) in this list. Under section 249(2), other reasons for a reduced buffer zone may be agreed to by the chief executive from time to time. To apply to remove an area from a buffer zone, other than the types of areas approved under section 5.2 of this guideline, you must complete and submit a Request form – Variation from the flora survey guidelines .
An example of how reduced buffer zones can apply is provided as Attachment 2. ‘ R easonable attempts’ to gain landholder consent to access an area includes , for example:
‘Supporting information’—
(a) For ‘reasonable attempts’, may include
—
o a completed Landholder access approval tool ;
or o
a copy of a letter sent to the relevant landholder/s, plus a file note regarding the door-knocking. (b)
For ‘a property of less than
1,000m2 that has a permanent dwelling or building’ , may include satellite imagery with an overlay of the property boundaries, clearly showing the permanent dwelling or building; NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
6 (c)
For ‘highly modified environment’, may include satellite imagery or photographs, clearly showing the current land use. Extra cost and time delays to survey the buffer area or to obtain landholder consent to access the buffer area are not sufficient justification.
Section 256 ‘if any part of an area to be cleared is within a high risk area…before any clearing is started, a flora survey must be undertaken of the clear ing impact area’;
Section 257 ‘A flora survey…must comply with the flora survey guidelines or an alternative survey methodology agreed to by the chief executive’ ; Section 261S ‘if it is necessary for a protected plant to be identified…for a flora survey… a person may take up to 2 specimens from a protected plant …The person must complete a specimen label for each specimen taken before leaving the place where the specimen is taken; and give each specimen to the Queensland Herbarium within 28 days after taking it’.
The suitably qualified person must first undertake a desktop assessment (refer 6.2.1). The suitably qualified person must then undertake a field assessment using one or more of the following methods: (a) a timed meander survey (refer 6.2.2); or (b) a systematic transect search (refer 6.2.3); or (c) an alternative survey methodology (refer 6.2.4), however an alternative survey methodology may not be used unless agreed to in advance by the chief executive. Where an EVNT plant, or a possible EVNT plant, is identified during field assessment, the suitable qualified person must adhere to the requirements regarding: (a) unidentified plant species (refer 6.2.5); and (b) EVNT population surveys (refer 6.2.6) or EVNT plot surveys (refer 6.2.7). 6.2.1 Desktop assessment The suitably qualified person must commence a flora survey with a comprehensive desktop assessment of the area. The desktop assessment must include creating a list of all habitat types in the area, and a list of all EVNT
on the record of habitat types and list of EVNT plants that may occur there. The suitably qualified person must determine the most appropriate time of the year to undertake the flora field survey, i.e., when there is the highest possible chance of detecting possible EVNT plants. The report is to include a statement to justify the timing of the survey.
1. Each habitat type (not just those that are known to be habitat for EVNT plants) must be sampled as per the following steps. 2. Choose a starting point within a habitat type and record the time. The choice of starting point is determined by the suitably qualified person based on their experience. 3. Traverse the habitat type in a random manner so as to maximise the coverage of habitat and the encounter rate of different species. 4. Record the identities of any EVNT plants observed and collect specimens and locational data. Also collect specimens and locational data for any possible EVNT plants. 5. Record the time every two to five minutes. If the survey needs to be interrupted, do not include this time in the results. 6. Continue searching a habitat type until no new plant species has been recorded for 30 minutes or when the entire area of habitat type is surveyed, whichever happens sooner.
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7 7. Meanders must be undertaken (at a minimum) at the following rate per area of habitat type: <2ha, one meander; between 2ha and 10ha, two meanders; between 10ha and 100ha, four meanders; and >100ha, six meanders. 6.2.3 Systematic transect search 1. If the survey area is very large, divide it into blocks of approximately 10ha and search each block as per the following steps. 2. Start at one end of a block and systematically move across the block in a series of parallel search lines. 3. Search lines must be close enough together, and walking pace must be slow enough, that any EVNT plant is identified. 4. Record the identities of any EVNT plants observed and collect specimens and locational data. Also collect specimens and locational data for any possible EVNT plants. 5. Continue until all blocks are searched.
It is recognised that in some circumstances an alternative survey methodology may more successfully identify EVNT plants. Prior to using an alternative survey methodology, the chief executive must be satisfied that the alternative survey methodology:
is a methodology, (or part of a methodology) that is described in a paper published by a peer reviewed journal. Approval of an alternative survey methodology must be applied for via a Request form – Variation from the flora survey guidelines.
If a plant cannot confidently be determined to not be an EVNT plant, for the purpose of this guideline it is a possible
vouchering done in accordance with the Queensland Herbarium (2013) manual . This includes providing a Botanical specimens – cover sheet for each specimen. Where a possible EVNT plant remains unidentified after all investigations, the specimen must be lodged with the Queensland Herbarium for formal identification. Flora survey reports must not be submitted until all specimens are identified, or 20 working days have passed since receipt of all specimens by the Queensland Herbarium. 6.2.6 EVNT population survey Where an EVNT plant, or a possible EVNT plant, is recorded during a field survey, the population extent and density must be determined. With regards to the population extent, mapping of the population within the clearing
population extent. With regards to population density, the total number of individuals comprising the population must be recorded. Where a population of EVNT plants, or a possible EVNT plants, is too dense for this to be practical, the density of the population must be estimated by conducting a plot survey.
Plot surveys must follow the Queensland Herbarium’s methodology (Neldner et al., 2012), using a plot measuring 50m by 10m; or an alternative plot size provided it can be demonstrated that an alternative plot size is appropriate for the EVNT plant, or a possible EVNT plant. Within the plot, the following information must be recorded and described: the GPS location of each plot; the number of individuals of the EVNT plant, as well as any other observations such as the age structure (if possible), reproductive state and health; a description of the vegetation structure, including noting the Regional Ecosystem (where relevant); NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
8 the identities and locational data for all other the EVNT plants, and descriptions and locational data for all possible EVNT plants found in the plot; the landscape attributes including the landform type, soil type, geology, slope, aspect and altitude; and any specific habitat or micro-habitat features associated with EVNT plants, or a possible EVNT plants. 6.3 Further information See Attachment 3 for a number of reference materials and additional resources in relation to survey methods 7. Flora survey reports 7.1 Statutory requirements Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 Section 250(2) ‘A report about the results of a flora survey for
a clearing impact area is a flora survey report’ ; Section 257 ‘A… flora survey report must comply with the flora survey guidelines or an alternative survey methodology agreed to by the chief executive’ ; Section 253(2) ‘The flora survey guidelines may, for example, contain requirements or provisions about…information to be included in a flora survey report, including, for example, a map or plan sh owing the clearing impact area’;
Section 258 ‘A person must not (a) state anything in a flora survey report that the person knows is inaccurate or misleading in a material particular; or (b) omit, from a flora survey report, information known to the person about the presence of an EVNT plant and its supporting habitat in an area. Maximum penalty — 165 penalty units ’ . Note also the requirements and penalties under Section 89 of the Nature Conservation Act 1992, as outlined in ‘section 2 –
background’. 7.2 Guideline requirements A flora survey report must include: Suitably qualified person Certification by the suitably qualified person whom led and coordinated the flora survey, as follows “I certify that (a) I have adhered to all statutory requirements and flora survey guideline requirements, and (b) the flora survey report is an accurate and full account of the flora survey”.
Full name, signature of the suitably qualified person, and date of signing. Documentation to support that they are a suitably qualified person (refer section 4.2.2). Extent of the area to be surveyed A detailed map or plan of the area, showing the area to be cleared, the buffer zone, the properties included and excluded from the survey area. Justification/s for removing any area/s from the buffer zone under section 249(2), or section 5.2 of this guideline. A GIS shapefile of the area to be cleared. A GIS shapefile (map) of the different habitat types identified for the clearing impact area and the GPS data showing the on-ground surveys undertaken. Flora survey methods and findings The lists compiled during desktop assessment of habitat types and EVNT plants that may occur in these habitat types. The flora survey method selected and justification that the method was appropriately comprehensive considering the lists compiled during desktop assessment. A detailed map or plan of the area, showing the habitat types, the location of EVNT plants and possible EVNT plants found. Details from EVNT population/plot surveys for each EVNT plant and possible EVNT plant found. A description of all possible EVNT plants found, including their supporting habitat. Justification of the timing of the flora survey and detail of any limitations associated with the timing of the survey Justification for any alternative plot size used. NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
9 Other The date or dates any clearing is proposed to occur. 7.3 Further information While it is not a requirement, EHP encourages the use of the survey template to promote consistency in data collection; and to reduce the time required for records to be integrated into wildnet. The completed survey template should be submitted to WildNet@science.dsitia.qld.gov.au . For assistance in completing the template please follow this guideline . 8. Contact details Questions regarding this guideline can be addressed to the Department of Permits and Licence Management (PaLM) through email or telephone. Details are: Email:
palm@ehp.qld.gov.au
Telephone: 1300 130 372 NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
10 9. Definitions In this guideline: “ clearing impact area ” is defined in the same way as in the wildlife management regulation, as follows: ‘(1) A clearing impact area means—
(a) an area to be cleared to the extent it is within a high risk area; and (b) a buffer zone that is —
(i) an additional area of 100m in width around the boundary of the area mentioned in paragraph (a); or (ii) an additional area of less than 100m in width around the boundary of the area mentioned in paragraph (a) agreed to by the chief executive under subsection (2). (2) The chief executive may agree to a buffer zone for a clearing impact area that is less than 100m in width around the boundary of the area mentioned in subsection (1)(a) if the chief executive is satisfied —
(a) it is not reasonably practicable for a flora survey to be undertaken of a buffer zone that is an area of 100m in width around the boundary of the area mentioned in subsection (1)(a); or (b) a reduction in the width of the buffer zone is consistent with any requirements of the flora survey guidelines.
Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006. “ flora survey guideline ” and “guideline” are the flora survey guidelines referred to in section 253(1) of the wildlife management regulation. “ possible EVNT plant ” is defined as a plant that cannot confidently be determined to not be an EVNT plant. “ supporting habitat ” is defined in the same way as in the wildlife management regulation, as follows: ‘ supporting habitat, for a protected plant, means the components, including other plants, of the habitat of a protected plant necessary for the plant’s survival at any stage of its life cycle located within 100m of the protected plant.’
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11 Attachment 1 – Summary of exemptions from survey requirements when clearing protected plants
Relevant Section (Sections of the wildlife management regulation unless specified otherwise) Details Plant not “ in the
wild ”
Dictionary in the Nature Conservation Act 1992 in the wild, in relation to wildlife, means in an independent state of natural liberty. For further information on determining if plants are in the wild, or not, see the EHP operational policy: When a protected plant in Queensland is considered to be ‘in the wild’ available on the department's website (https://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/licences- permits/plants-animals/documents/op-protected-plant-wild.pdf ) .
Imminent risk of death or serious injury 261A
A person may take a protected plant that is in the wild if the taking (a) is necessary and reasonable to avoid or reduce an imminent risk of death or serious injury to a person; and (b) can not reasonably be avoided or minimised. Imminent risk of serious damage to a building or other structure on land, or to personal property 261B
A person may take a protected plant that is in the wild if each of the following applies (a) it is necessary and reasonable to take the plant to avoid or reduce an imminent risk of serious damage to a building or other structure on land, or to personal property; (b) if the damage is not prevented or controlled, a person may suffer significant economic loss; (c) the taking can not reasonably be avoided or minimised. Fire and Rescue Service 261C A person may take a protected plant that is in the wild if — (a) taking the plant is, or is a necessary part of, a measure that is — (i) authorised under the Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990, section 53(1) or 68(1)(c); or (ii) required under section 53(2)(j) or 69(1) of that Act; or (b) the person takes the plant by lighting a fire that is (i) authorised under a notification under the Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990, section 63 or a permit granted under section 65 of that Act; and (ii) necessary as a means of hazard reduction. Previously cleared areas 261ZB A person may take a protected plant in any area by clearing if the taking (a) is within an area from which plants have already been taken under (i) a protected plant clearing permit, granted under part 4A; or (ii) an exemption under section 261ZA(1) and within the period mentioned in section 261ZA(4); or (iii) an authority mentioned in section 261ZF; and (b) is only to the extent authorised as lawful taking under the permit, exemption or authority; and (c) happens within 10 years from (i) for the permit mentioned in paragraph (a)(i) — the granting of the permit; or (ii) for the exemption mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii) — the day the person gives the flora survey report to the chief executive; or (iii) for the authority mentioned in paragraph (a)(iii)
— the granting of the authority.
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12 Setting Relevant Section (Sections of the wildlife management regulation unless specified otherwise) Details Maintenance activities 261ZC
(1) A person may take a protected plant in any area by clearing if the taking is for any of the following maintenance activities for an existing land use of the area (a) routine maintenance of existing infrastructure; (b) maintenance in the course of a plantation management activity on land that was previously lawfully cleared; (c) maintenance in the course of a cropping activity on land that was previously lawfully cleared. (2) In this section —
the management of a cropping area, including site preparation, weed control, harvesting and harvest debris clearing. land use, of an area, means a use of the land in the area that is a lawful use of the land under another law. plantation management activity means an activity undertaken in connection with the management of a tree plantation, including site preparation, weed control, harvesting and harvest debris clearing.
(a) done for an electricity entity under the Electricity Act 1994 that is necessary to maintain infrastructure established under that Act for the generation, transmission or distribution of electricity; or (b) necessary to maintain transport infrastructure within the meaning of the
infrastructure including any core airport infrastructure, buildings, fences, helipads, oil and gas pipelines, roads, stockyards, vehicular tracks, water pipelines, watering facilities and constructed drains other than contour banks. Firebreak or fire management line
261ZD A person may take a protected plant in any area by clearing if the taking is for (a) establishing or maintaining a necessary firebreak to protect infrastructure (other than a fence, road or vehicular track), if the maximum width of the firebreak is the greater of the following (i) 1.5 times the height of the tallest vegetation adjacent to the infrastructure; (ii) 20m; or (b) establishing a necessary fire management line if the maximum width of the line is 10m. Self-assessable vegetation clearing code 261ZE
(1) A person may take a protected plant in any area by clearing if the taking complies with the requirements of a self-assessable vegetation clearing code that apply to the area, for (a) thinning; or (b) managing weeds; or (c) managing encroachment. (2) In this section self-assessable vegetation clearing code see the
Conservation purposes 261ZG
A person may take a protected plant in any area by clearing if the taking (a) is for a conservation purpose only and to the extent necessary to achieve the purpose; and (b) causes disturbance to protected plants only to the extent necessary to remove the plants. NCS/2016/2534 • Version 2.00 • Effective: 23 December 2016
13 Setting Relevant Section (Sections of the wildlife management regulation unless specified otherwise) Details Authorised in particular circumstances 385 (1) This section applies if a person was authorised to take a protected plant by clearing in the course of an activity under (a) an authority, that was in force immediately before the commencement of this section, made, granted or given under another Act by the Governor in Council; or (b) a mining lease or a petroleum lease that was in force immediately before the commencement of this section. (2) The person may continue to take the plant in the way the taking was authorised under the authority mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or the mining lease or petroleum lease. (3) A person who takes a protected plant under this section has an exemption for offences for taking protected plants under section 89 of the Act or using protected plants under section 90 of the Act. (4) In this section — mining lease means a mining lease granted under the Mineral Resources Act 1989; petroleum lease means a petroleum lease granted under the Petroleum Act 1923.
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14 Attachment 2 – Example of how a suitably qualified person may determine the extent of an area to be surveyed.
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15 Attachment 3 – Reference materials and additional resources Commonwealth Government (2013) Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened orchids: guidelines for detecting orchids listed as threatened under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, Commonwealth Government, Canberra. Cropper, S. (1993) Management of endangered plants, CSIRO Publications, Melbourne. Department of Environment and Conservation (2004) Threatened biodiversity survey and assessment: Guidelines for developments and activities, Department of Environment and Conservation, Hurstville. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (1997) Guide to a native vegetation survey: using the biological survey of South Australia, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Adelaide. Environmental Protection Authority (2004) Guidance for the assessment of environmental factors: terrestrial flora and vegetation surveys for environmental impact assessment in Western Australia, Environmental Protection Authority, Perth. Eyre, T.J., Kelly, A.L, Neldner, V.J., Wilson, B.A., Ferguson, D.J., Laidlaw, M.J. and Franks, A.J. (2011) BioCondition: a condition assessment framework for terrestrial biodiversity in Queensland. Assessment Manual. Version 2.1. Department of Environment and Resource Management, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Sciences, Brisbane. Fitzpatrick, M., Preisser, E., Ellison, A., Elkinton, J. (2009) Observer bias and the detection of low-density populations, Ecological Applications 19: 1673-1679. Gerrard, G., Bekessy, S., McCarthy, M. and Wintle, B. (2008) When have we looked hard enough? A novel method for setting minimum survey effort protocols for flora surveys, Austral Ecology 33: 986 - 998. Goff, F.G., Dawson, G.A. and Rochow, J.J. (1982) Site examination for threatened and endangered plant species. Environmental Management 6: 307-316. Keith, D. A. (2000) Sampling designs, field techniques and analytical methods for systematic plant population surveys, Ecological Management and Restoration 1: 125 - 139. Kery, M. and Gregg, K. (2003) Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria, Journal of Ecology 91: 265-273. McArdle, B. (1990) When are rare species not there? Oikos 57: 276-277. McCaffrey, N., Blick, R., Glen, V., Fletcher, A., Erskine, P. and van Osta, J. (2014) Novel stratified-meander technique improves survey effort of the rare Pagoda Rock Daisy growing remotely on rocky cliff edges, Ecological Management and Restoration 15: 94 - 96. Moore, J., Hauser, C., Bear, J., Williams, N., McCarthy, M. (2011) Estimating detection-effort curves for plants using search experiments, Ecological Applications 21: 601-607. Neldner, V.J. and Butler D.W. (2008). Is 500 m2 an effective plot size to sample floristi c diversity for Queensland’s vegetation? Cunninghamia 10: 513 – 519. Neldner, V.J., Wilson, B.A., Thompson, E.J. and Dillewaard, H.A. (2012) Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland, Version 3.2, Queensland Herbarium, Queensland Department. Queensland Herbarium (2013) Collection and preserving plant specimens, a manual. Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts. Wintle, B., Walshe, T., Parris, K. and McCarthy, M. (2012) Designing occupancy surveys and interpreting non- detection when observations are imperfect, Diversity and Distributions 18: 417 - 424.
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