In
the rectangular form, a complex number can be represented as a point on a two-
dimensional plane called the complex or s-plane. So for example, Z = 6 + j4 represents a
single point whose coordinates represent 6 on the horizontal real axis and 4
on the vertical
imaginary axis as shown.
Complex Numbers using the Complex or s-plane:
Complex Numbers using Polar Form:
Unlike rectangular form which plots points in the complex plane,
the Polar Form of a
complex number is written in terms of its magnitude and angle. Thus, a polar form vector is
presented as: Z = A
∠
±θ, where: Z is the complex number in
polar form, A is the magnitude
or modulo of the vector and θ is its angle or argument of A which can
be either positive or
negative. The magnitude and angle of the point still remains the same as for the rectangular
form above, this time in polar form the location of the point is represented in a “triangular
form” as shown below.
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