149
The Life of a Russian Ambassador in Istanbul in a Historical –Fictional
Context
endeavour of the Ambassador during his 12-year stay in Istanbul led to positive results
in establishing peace and improving trade in early 18
th
century not only between Turkey
and Russia but also for many other European countries.
Figure 1. M. I. Semevsky,
Slovo I delo, 1700–1725. [Word and Mission,] Ocherki i
rasskazy iz russkoi istorii XVIII veka (Work of documents
mentioned about the secret
mission of P.A. Tolstoy)
151
The Life of a Russian Ambassador in Istanbul in a Historical –Fictional Context
5. References
Arunova,
M.R.
–
Oreşkova, F.S
.
(2009).
Tolstoy’un Gizli Raporlarında smanlı
İmparatorluğu, [
Tolstoy's Secret Reports of the Ottoman Empire
] çev. İ. Allahverdi, İstanbul;
Yeditepe.
Fedorov, Y. (1992).
Poruçaet Rossiya, [Russia is
Calling for Duty] Moskova: Trast
Yay nlar .
1.
Jeltyakov, A.D. (1984). ‘‘
İzuçeniye Kulturıy Turtsii v Rossii i SSSR‘‘[ Styding the
Culture of Turkey in Russia and USSR],
Türkologiçeskiy sbornik 1978, Moskova: GRVL;
Vostochnaya literatura.
Kurat, A.N. (1987)
Rusya Tarihi Başlangıçtan 1917’ye Kadar, [Russian History From
Beginnig to 1917th ] Ankara; Türk Tarih Kurumu Bas mevi.
Molçanov, N. N . (1984).
Diplomatiya Petra Pervogo, [ Diplomacy of Peter the Great]
Moskva, Mejdunarodniye otnoşeniya.
Ojegov, S.İ. (1989)
Slovar russkogo yazika, [Russian Dictionary] Moskva;Russkiy yaz k.
Otten, F. (1989) Ousteuropa-Institut München,
Jahrbücher für Geschichte steuropas, Neve
Folge Band, 37.
Pavlenko, N. I. (1999).
Vokrug Trona. Ptentsi gnezda Petrova. Strasti u trona,
[Around the
Throne. Birds of Petro Nest] Moskova: M ysl.
Pavlov-Silvanski
, N.P. (1910).
çerki po istorii russkoy literaturıy. XVIII-XIX vv.,[
Writings on Russian History 18
th
-19
th
centuries] S.Petersburg: Soç.
Semevsky, M. I. (1884).
Slovo I delo, 1700–1725. [Word and Mission,] Ocherki i
rasskazy iz russkoi istorii XVIII veka , SPb.
Tolstoy, P. A. (1992)
Puteşestviye Stolnika P.A.Tolstogo po Evrope (1697-1699), [The
Journey of Ambassador P.A. Tolstoy to Europe] prepared by L. A. Olşevskaya, S. N.
Travnikov, Moskova, Nauka.
Tsentraln y gosudarstvenn y arhiv drevnih aktov,
[Central state archive of ancient acts]
dosya
2
(1703),
h.
396
.
).
Investigation of the effect of playing horon on plantar pressure distribution on folk
dancers
Ahmet Uzun, Metin Kaya, Latif Aydos, Mehmet Fatih Yüksel,
Serdar Uslu
1. Introduction
Folk Dance is a union of movement and music which is supported by anonymous folk music
consisting of voice units and creates aesthetic effect and excitement by the way of measured
and balanced movements which are regulated to be euphonic and eye-pleasing (Ekmekcioğlu,
Bekar, & Kaplan, 2001). When observing the Anatolian Culture, the wealth and diversity of it
is easily observed. This wealth and diversity is also reflected upon the folk dance and
different folk dances includes the themes of social events, love and passion, the courtship
between man and women, indigenous to the different regions of Anatolia according to the
historical and geographical conditions is born. (Ekmekcioğlu et al., 2001; Ünal & Anl atamer,
2004; Güçlü, 2004). In folk dance there is unity consisting of two themes as movement and
music is present. The harmony between movements and music is always observed. Folk
dances are separated into different regions by taking several general names and including
different similar forms and moves. During classification this regional distribution is
considered and in Anatolia some dance branches gave their names to these regions.
According to the classification according to these dance varieties and geographic regions,
horon is one of the most important Turkish folk dance varieties (Su, 2000; Çakmak, 2015).
Generally Horon is a dance which is formed as a result of dancers holding their arms
move rightwards and according to the rhythm of the instruments bend and collects their knees
and union of vivid and agile movements in which dancers dance in the company of drum,
clarion, kemancha and a little bir shepherds pipe (Aky ld z, 2000; Akat, 2012; Küçük, 2015).
Horon is one of the most up-tempo and based on fast movements and agility among the folk
dances. It starts with a normal speed and continues in this speed a bit and then the last part of
the dance is played in maximum speed. The difference of horon from the other plays is that
there is very little or no rest period between plays. In horon plays, groups’
furor and joyful wit
is dominant. Fast and stern feet movements are frequently observed in horon which tell the
stormy Black Sea and the agile movements of the anchovy fish (Gazimihal, 1997; Aky ld z,
2000; Ünal & Anl atamer, 2004; Cihanoğlu, 2004; Kaya, 2009; Çakmak, 2015).
With the prevalence of new methods of plantar pressure measurements methods, the
studies of quantitative measurement of the load per metatarsus is increasing (Birtane & Tuna,
2004; Patil, Thatte, & Chaskar, 2009; Aydos, 2011; Kaya, Uzun, Aydos, Kanatl , & Esen,
2012; Willems, De Ridder, & Roosen, 2012; Uzun, Kaya, Aydos, Kanatl , & Esen, 2014;
Uzun, Aydos, Kaya, Yüksel, & Pekel, 2015). Pedobarography is widely used for investigation
of normal feet mechanics. It allows the punctate and sensitive measurement of floor reaction
force as a complementary of walk analysis (Morag & Cavanagh, 1999; Kanatli, Yetkin, &
Bolukbasi, 2003). Another important aspect of the plantar pressure analysis is the
determination of the pressure distribution on different anatomic parts of the feet. With the
measurement of plantar pressure distribution, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of
diseases and providing the correct shoe is possible (Bennett & Duplock, 1993; Patil et al.,
2009). Despite speed of development of this devices, the information regarding to the
distribution of load per metatarsals are still discussed (Kang, Chen, Chen, & Hsi, 2006;
Queen, Haynes, Hardaker, & Garrett, 2007; Kanatli et al., 2008).
This investigation is performed upon the dancer of horon which is one of the most
popular folk dances. The idea of high tempo of horon and fast and stern foot tapings which
are characteristic parts of horon may cause alterations in plantar pressure distribution is drive