Half -life. Time for number of atoms to be reduced to one half Wave-nature of a particle



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physics def


  • Half -life.

Time for number of atoms to be reduced to one half

  • Wave-nature of a particle

Electron diffraction

  • Particulate nature of electromagnetic radiation

Photoelectric effect

  • De Broglie wavelength

Wavelength of a particle which have momentum or motion

Maximum energy of emitted electrons depends on frequency
Maximum energy of emitted electrons doesn`t dependent on intensity
Rate of emission of electrons dependents on intensity at constant frequency

  • Photoelectric effect

Emissions of electron from the metal surface when electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface

  • Photon

Packet of energy of electromagnetic radiation

  • Radiation defection (activity != count rate)

Absorption in air before detector
Background radiation
Self-absorption in source
It is not sensitive in all directions

  • Radioactive

A radioactive nucleus is an unstable nucleus that emits EM radiation randomly and spontaneously

  • Decay constant

Probability of decay of a nucleus per unit time

  • Why Beta particles have range of energies

Emitted beta particle has to share the energy of the disintegration with the emitted antineutrino

  • Radioactive decay

Emission of particle by unstable nucleus that emit EM spontaneously

  • Binding energy

Minimum energy required to separate the nucleons to infinity

  • Random decay

Time at which a nucleus will decay cannot be predicted

  • Spontaneous decay

Decay of a nucleus not affected by environmental factors

  • Mass defect

Difference between mass of nucleus and mass of nucleons, where nucleons are separated to infinity

  • Work function

Minimum energy required for an electron to leave surface

  • How photon model of EM accounts for this phenomenon

Photons are packets of energy
Energy of photons depends on frequency
Electrons can only absorb a single photon
Emission only possible if photon energy is at least the work function
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