7. MONILIFORM Moniliform have a beadlike shape. Examples: Termites (order Isoptera).
8. PECTINATE Pectinate antennae have a comb-like shape
.
Examples: Fire-colored beetles and fireflies
(order
Coleoptera).
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9. PLUMOSE Plumose antennae have a feather-like shape. Examples: Moths (order Lepidoptera)
and mosquitoes (order Diptera).
10. SERRATE Serrate antennae have a saw-toothed shape. Examples: Click beetles (order Coleoptera).
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11. SETACEOUS Setaceous antennae have a bristle-like shape. Examples: Dragonflies and damselflies (order
Odonata).
MOUTH PARTS
The 4 main mouthparts are the
labrum, mandibles, maxillae (plural maxilla) and labium. The
labrum is a simple fused sclerite, often called the upper lip, and moves longitudinally. It is
hinged to the clypeus. The mandibles, or jaws, are highly sclerotized paired structures that
move at right angles to the body. They are used for biting, chewing and severing food. The
maxillae are paired structures that can move at right angles to the body and possess
segmented palps. The labium (often called the lower lip), is a fused structure that moves
longitudinally and possesses a pair of segmented palps.
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MODIFICATIONS Mouthparts very greatly among insects of different orders but there are two main functional
groups:
