HYMENOPTERA
Etymology
:
Hymen - membrane; ptera - wings.
Hymeno - god of marriage; ptera - wings,
(Marriage on the wings)
(union of fore and hindwings by hamuli)
Common names
:Ichneumonflies, Ants, Bees, Wasps.
Characters
Mouthparts are primarily adapted for chewing. Mandibles are very well developed. In bees
both labium and maxillae are integrated to form the
lapping tongue
.
Thorax is modified for efficient flight. Pronotum is collar like. Mesothorax is enlarged.
Metathorax is small. Both prothorax and metathorax are fused with mesothorax.
Wings are stiff and membranous. Forewings are larger than hindwings. Wing venation is
reduced. Both forwings and hindwings are coupled by a row of hooklets (
hamuli
) present
on the leading edge of the hindwing.
Abdomen is basally constricted. The first abdominal segment is called
propodeum
. It is
fused with metathorax. The first pair of abdominal spiracles is located in the propodeum.
The second segment is known as
pedicel
which connects the thorax and abdomen.
Abdomen beyond the pedicel is called
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