MODIFICATION 1. TEGMINA Tegmina (singular tegmen) are the leathery forewings of insects in the orders Orthoptera,
Blattaria, and Mantodea. Like the elytra on beetles and the hemelytra on bugs, the tegmina help
protect the delicate hind wings. Examples: Grasshoppers, crickets and katydids (order
Orthoptera), Cockroaches (order Blattaria), Mantids (order Mantodea).
2. ELYTRA Elytra (singular elytron)
are the hardened,
heavily sclerotized forewings of beetles and are modified to protect the hind wings when at rest.
Examples: All beetles (order Coleoptera).
3. HEMELYTRA A variation of the elytra is the
hemelytra . The forewings of Hemipterans are said to be
hemelytrous because they are hardened throughout the proximal two-thirds, while the distal
portion is membranous. Unlike elytra, hemelytra function primarily as flight wings.
Examples: Bugs (order Hemiptera).