304
304
KENT PARKLARININ EVRENSEL KALİTE KRİTERLERİNE GÖRE
DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ; DİYARBAKIR ÖRNEĞİ
1
ASSESSMENT OF CITY PARKS IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNIVERSAL
QUALITY CRITERIA; A CASE OF DIYARBAKIR
F. Demet AYKAL
1
, Meltem ERBAŞ
2
, Mine BARAN
3
1-2-3
Dicle Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Mimarlık Bölümü, Diyarbakır/ Türkiye,
Öz: Kentsel yaşam kalitesinin artırılabilmesi için
kentsel çevreler içerisinde insanlara kullanabile-
cekleri çeşitli aktif ve pasif rekreasyon olanakla-
rının sunulması önemlidir. Bu olanaklarını içinde
barındıran kent parkları, kentsel yaşam kalitesinin
artırılması çabalarına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Ka-
liteli kent parkı çevreleri, planlamada, tasarımda,
uygulamada kalitenin sağlanması ile gerçekle-
şebilecektir. Çalışmada amaç; kent parklarında
kullanıcılar için kaliteli ve ergonomik bir yaşam
çevresi oluşturmada etkin olan kalite kriterlerinin
belirlenerek, seçilen alanlarda bu kriterlere uygun
öneriler sunmaktır. Bu temel yaklaşım kapsa-
mında, Diyarbakır’da bulunan 2 farklı kent parkı
değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme kapsamında;
ele alınan parkların mevcut durumları, kullanıcı
nitelikleri ile kullanıcı memnuniyetleri belirlen-
miştir. Belirlemeler evrensel kalite kriterleri ile
karşılaştırılarak, kalite artırımına
yönelik öneriler
sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kent Parkları, Kullanıcı
Memnuniyeti, Tasarım Kriterleri
Abstract: It is important to provide people vari-
ous active and passive recreation opportunities
which can be used in urban environments in order
to improve urban life quality. City parks which in-
volve these opportunities, make contributions to
efforts for increasing life quality in cities. Quali-
fied city park environments are achieved by pro-
viding quality in planning, designing, practising.
The aim of the study was to determine quality cri-
teria effective in creating qualified and ergonomic
life environments in city parks for users and pro-
vide suggestions for the chosen fields in harmoni-
sation with these criteria. Within the scope of this
basic approach, 2 different city parks located in
Diyarbakır were evaluated. Under this evaluation;
the current situations of the relevant parks, their
users’ characteristics and their users’ satisfaction
were determined. By comparing the determina-
tions with universal quality criteria, suggestions
were made for improving quality.
Key Words: City Parks, User Satisfaction, Design
Criteria
(1)
Sorumlu Yazar: F. Demet AYKAL, Dicle Üniversitesi, Mimarlık Fakültesi, Mimarlık Bölümü, Diyarbakır/ Türkiye,
fdaykal@dicle.edu.tr Geliş Tarihi / Received: 21.12.2016 Düzeltme Tarihi / Revision Date: 04.03.2017-22.03.2017
Kabul Tarihi/ Accepted: 29.02.2017 Makalenin Türü: Typeofarticle (Araştırma – Uygulama /Research - Applica-
tion) Çıkar Çatışması / Conflict of Interest:Yok / None“Etik Kurul Raporu Yok – None of Ethics Commit
TMD
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL
OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
Doi: 10.17365/TMD.2017.1.007.x
MTD
www.mtddergisi.com
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
Ocak / Şubat / Mart / Nisan 2017 Sayı: 10 Kış - İlkbahar
INTERNATIONALREFEREEDJOURNAL OF DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
January / February / March / April 2017 Issue: 10 Winter – Spring
ID:162 K:89
ISSN Print: 2148-8142 Online: 2148-4880
(ISO 18001-OH-0090-13001706 / ISO 14001-EM-0090-13001706 / ISO 9001-QM-0090-13001706 / ISO 10002-CM-0090-13001706)
(Marka Patent No / Trademark
(2015/04018 – 2015/GE/17595)
305
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ
TASARIM MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL REFEREED
JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PRINT ISSN: 2148-8142 - ONLINE ISSN: 2148-4880
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays the understanding of physically,
socially and visually developed, high-quality
outdoor arrangement has started to take place
in time. The most important one of these types
of locations is city parks with many recreation
opportunities and facilities (Polat, 2001: 68)
City parks are urban green areas which give
services with its psycho-social functions for
people to escape from the stress of city life
and entertain, represent comfort and peace.
These fields are highly substantial fields
which reduce environmental noise, clean air,
present microclimate effects. (Lam, Ng, Huı,
Chan, 2005; Wong, Domroes, 2005: 55-73).
Even though the benefits of city parks have
been known well, several problems have been
faced in planning and maintaining these im-
portant fields. This issue underlies budget
limitations in municipalities concerning these
fields. This situation is a fundamental rea-
son of having designs which do not appeal to
eyes and follow each other. Also, not provid-
ing maintenance, repair and cleanup works
of current parks in regular ways because of
budget deficit causes visual pollution in these
parks.
In designing parks; not considering the eco-
logical quality parameters has been increas-
ingly reduced the benefits of such valuable
fields to city environments. A liveable city en-
vironment may be created with improvements
in these fields.
CLASSIFICATION of CITY PARKS and
DESCRIPTION of GREEN AREA
City parks are green areas which have func-
tions and equipments at different scales and
towards several aims in an urban green area
system and give service to city as a whole
(Kart, 2002: 1-8).
The concept of city park means open-green
areas which each age group is benefited from,
involving recreation opportunites, having
influence areas of 400 decare or larger mag-
nitude in general, located on a walking dis-
tance for 30-60 minutes (Yorulmaz, 2006; 8).
Within complex urban organization, they are
public service areas which are responsible
for very substantial and various functions in
re-establishing broken relationship between
nature and human, depending on urbanization
(Kızılaslan, 2007: 13-15).
According to Dil (2004), city parks must be
between 40-400 hectares, including 1 decare
for every 100 persons, pursuant to the mag-
nitude of population. The influence area of
city parks is between 3.200-4.000 m. Being
close to or far away from urban settlement ar-
eas for these parks is not an important design
measurement. These fields must be 2-4 km at
least, at a walking distance for 30-60 minutes,
directly and easily available with public trans-