MTD
www.mtddergisi.com
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
Ocak / Şubat / Mart / Nisan 2017 Sayı: 10 Kış - İlkbahar
INTERNATIONALREFEREEDJOURNAL OF DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
January / February / March / April 2017 Issue: 10 Winter – Spring
ID:148 K:220
ISSN Print: 2148-8142 Online: 2148-4880
(ISO 18001-OH-0090-13001706 / ISO 14001-EM-0090-13001706 / ISO 9001-QM-0090-13001706 / ISO 10002-CM-0090-13001706)
(Marka Patent No / Trademark)
(2015/04018 – 2015/GE/17595)
131
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ
TASARIM MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL
REFEREED
JOURNAL
OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PRINT ISSN: 2148-8142 - ONLINE ISSN: 2148-4880
of people, sharing of cultures, the feelings of peace, friendship, tolerance and brotherhood are
reinforced. In this respect, it was aimed to keep this event which left deep traces in the society,
fresh on the minds of people, and to design the same place to be used every day, not just during
the commemorations.
132
132
“NON-PLACE” UNDER THE DOMINATION OF CONTROL
MECHANISMS
1
KONTROL MEKANİZMALARININ EGEMENLİĞİNDE “YOK-YER”
Sebla ARIN
Ph.D. (M.Arch), Bursa, TURKEY
Öz: Bu çalışma “yok-yer” kavramı ve bu kav-
ramın somutlaştırıldığı mekânlar, “yok-yer” al-
gısının kullanıcıya bağlı öznelliği üzerine odak-
lanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda “yok-yer” olgusunun
gelişmesine neden olan sosyal ve kavramsal fak-
törlere yönelik teorik altyapının oluşturulması-
nın ardından, kontrol mekanizmaları aracılığıyla
biçimlenen somut “yok-yer” örnekleri ele alına-
caktır. Söz konusu örneklerin oluşumu, içinde
bulunan bireyin konumu ve bunları takiben “yok-
yer” kavramı üzerine geliştirilen farklı bakış açı-
ları irdelenecektir. Son olarak “yok-yer”de ortaya
çıkan kontrol mekanizmalarına ilişkin bireysel
algı ve karşı durma biçimleri; kişinin mekân al-
gısında “yok-yer”i “yer”e dönüştüren dinamikler
tartışmaya açılacaktır. Kontrol mekanizmalarının
“yok-yer”deki kaçınılmaz varlığı ve bu durumun
söz konusu kavramın anlamsal sürekliliği üzerin-
deki etkisinin yanı sıra, “yer” ve “yok-yer” ara-
sındaki kullanıcının mekan içerisindeki rolünün
belirleyici olduğu kaygan zemin ortaya konula-
caktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yok-Yer, Yersizlik, Kontrol
Mekanizmaları, Bireysel Algı
Abstract: This study focuses on the concept of
“non-place”, embodiment of this notion and sub-
jectivity of it depending on the user. A literature
review on social and conceptual factors which
prepared the rise of “non-place” will be followed
by concrete examples of non-place generated
through control mechanisms. The formation of
non-places and the position of the individual ex-
isting in them will be examined. Afterwards vari-
ous interpretations on the notion of non-place will
be discussed. Finally the individual perceptions
and the counteractions against the control mech-
anisms of non-place; and also the dynamics af-
fecting the individual’s tendency to convert “non-
place” into “place” will be brought into question.
The inevitable existence of control mechanisms
in “non-place” and the effects of this situation on
the semantic sustainability of the concept will be
presented along with the slippery ground between
“place” and “non-place” in which the role of the
user is the determinant force.
Key Words: Non-Place, Placelessness, Control
Mechanisms,
Individual Perception
(1)
Sorumlu Yazar: Sebla ARIN, Serbest Mimar, seblaarin@gmail.com Geliş Tarihi / Received: 17.09.2016 Düzeltme
Tarihi / Revision Date: 13.01.2017-04.02.2017 Kabul Tarihi / Accepted: 20.02.2017 Makalenin Türü: Typeofarticle
(Araştırma – Uygulama /Research - Application) Çıkar Çatışması / Conflict of Interest:Yok / None“Etik Kurul
Raporu Yok – None of Ethics Commit
Doi: 10.17365/TMD.2017.1.010.x
TMD
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
MTD
www.mtddergisi.com
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
Ocak / Şubat / Mart / Nisan 2017 Sayı: 10 Kış - İlkbahar
INTERNATIONALREFEREEDJOURNAL OF DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
January / February / March / April 2017 Issue: 10 Winter – Spring
ID:119 K:197
ISSN Print: 2148-8142 Online: 2148-4880
(ISO 18001-OH-0090-13001706 / ISO 14001-EM-0090-13001706 / ISO 9001-QM-0090-13001706 / ISO 10002-CM-0090-13001706)
(Marka Patent No / Trademark)
(2015/04018 – 2015/GE/17595)
133
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ
TASARIM MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL REFEREED
JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PRINT ISSN: 2148-8142 - ONLINE ISSN: 2148-4880
INTRODUCTION
Throughout the history of architecture “place”
has been defined in various ways. According
to Norberg-Schulz (1980: 6),
“the existential
purpose of building is to make a site become a
place, that is, to uncover the meanings poten-
tially present in the given environment.” He
defines place as
“the space where life occurs”.
Relph (1976: 4-7) explains place as some part
of the environment that has been claimed by
feelings. According to the phenomenological
approach, place cannot be assumed as a point
on the linear schema. It embraces the past, the
present and the future potentials of the space.
Bachelard claims that a place has to be loved
in the first place in case there is an intention to
make phenomenology of it. Place is the way
of
“being-in-the-world” as Heidegger has
mentioned.
Space has been considered
to be absolute and
unlimited till the beginning of philosophy
whereas place is limited, particular and local.
As cited in Özmetin (2008: 136), the space
becomes a place with the
“attachment of me-
aning”, because
“this meaning makes place
belong to us” as there has to be a relation-ship
between person & place. In the relationship of
the person and the place; the space evaluates
into “place” slowly through experiences and
the expectations for the future. Place is the
mediator between object and subject. This po-
int of view can be supported by Augé’s (1995:
102) definition by which he propounded that
“there has to be some recurrent encounters
establishing in our minds through complex
integrations for a space to become a place”.
The consumption culture which is consequen-
tial to capitalism has created its spaces which
were real but cannot be sensed as the places
that the individual used to relate with. These
spaces were different from the places and
had diverse qualities. This revealed a need to
name them with a new terminology. By this
way the term “non-place” came into use.
In the scope of this paper, first of all the no-
tions related with “non-place” will be exami-
ned based on the Augé’s description of the
term. Different perspectives on the subject
and various qualities of “non-place” will also
be examined. Meanwhile the factors effecting
the change in the perception of place and non-
place will also be considered. Depending on
some of its qualities, non-place might be the
stage of control mechanisms on some occasi-
ons. Thus, the attempts of the users’ to make
sense of these non-places, due to their perso-
nal experiences in them, might change their
nature. The embodiment of control mecha-
nisms and their use of non-places will be exa-
mined in this sense. Their potential of trans-
forming the existential qualities of non-places
is another matter of discussion.