Investigation of job satisfaction and burnout levels of turkish super league football referees

The football referees in the study group are between 24-47 years of age and their average age is 38,8 years of age and SD is 5,45. It was found that 88,8% of the referees were married, 75% were university graduate, 53,8% were self-employed, 83,3% had been referees for more than 10 years, 70% did not have football experience, 28,8% were chief referees and 71,3% were assistant referees.

Table 3. Mann Whitney U Test Results of the Study Group ın terms of the Job Satisfaction Levels of the Study Group

Variable	Intrinsic Satisfaction Extrinsic Satisfaction
		Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	U	Z	P	Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	U	Z	p
Marital Status	Married	42,75	3035,0	160,0	-2,436	,015	41,57	2951,5	243,50	-1,161	,246
	Single	22,78	205,00				32,06	288,5
Football experience	No	31,98	767,50	467,5	-2,154	,031	36,44	874,5	574,500	-1,027	,304
	yes	44,15	2472,5				42,24	2365,5
Refereeing post	Chief referee	30,80	708,50	432,5	-2,378	,017	24,63	566,5	290,500	-3,893	,000
	Assistant referee	44,41	2531,50				46,90	2673,5

Significant difference was found between the job satisfaction levels of football referees in the study group in terms of their marital status (p<0.05). According to the analysis results, married referees were found to have higher intrinsic satisfaction levels than the single referees. In terms of the variable of football experience before refereeing, significant difference was found in instrinsic satisfaction of job satisfaction dimension (p<0.05). Intrinsic satisfaction of referees who had played football before were higher than those of referees who did not have football experience. Significant difference was found between job satisfaction dimensions in the analysis conducted according to refereeing post (p<0.05). The results showed that assistant referees had higher intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction scores when compared with the scores of chief referees.

Table 4. Mann Whitney U Test Results of the Study Group in terms of the Burnout Levels of the Study Group

Variable		Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	U	Z	P
Marital Status	Married	38,51	2734,5	178,500	-2,151	,031
	Single	56,17	505,50
Footbal experience	No	33,69	808,5	508,50	-1,720	,085
	Yes	43,42	2431,5
Refereeing post	Chief referee	65,07	1496,5	90,50	-6,019	,000
	Assistant referee	30,59	1743,5

When the burnout level was analyzed in terms of marital status, statistically significant difference was found (p<0.05). Single referees were found to have higher burnout scores than married referees. No significant difference was found in burnout levels in terms of the variable of football experience (p>0.05). At the same time, there are significant differences in burnout levels in terms of the area of refereeing (p<0.05). Burnout level scores of chief referees were higher than those of assistant referees.

Table 5. Kruskall Wallis Test Results of the Job Satisfaction and Burnout Levels of the Study Group in terms of Demographic Variables

Intrinsic Satisfaction (IS) Extrinsic Satisfaction (ES) Burnout
Educational Status MR		df	X^2	p	SO	df	X^2	p	MR	df	X^2	p
High School	27,30				34,00				50,40
Undergraduate	42,68	2	2,681	,262	42,89	2	2,564	,277	39,28	2	1,145	,564
Post-graduate	36,17				33,10				42,07
Occupation
Teacher	44,42	3	1,203	,752	47,75				34,25	3	2,656	,448
Police officer	37,83				38,92	3	4,428	,219	41,25
Civil servant	35,21				28,93				46,21
Other	39,55				40,00				42,95
Duration of refereeing
1-3years	78,00	3	3,113	,373	76,00	3	4,438	,218	20,00	3	10,431	,015
4-6 years	42,42				49,17				44,25
7-9 years	34,17				30,00				68,42
10+ years	40,34				40,13				37,97
Age
25-30	33,50	3	,499	,919	49,90	3	3,961	,266	46,00	3	2,402	,493
31-35	41,43				40,73				45,08
36-41	40,76				42,13				39,70
40+	41,00				28,00				32,20

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01IntrinsicSatisfaction (IS) and Extrinsic Satisfaction (ES)
No significant difference was found between the educational status, occupation, duration of refereeing, age and job satisfaction dimensions (p>0.05). While no significant difference was found between burnout level and the variables of educational status and occupation, significant difference was found between burnout level and duration of refereeing (p<0.05). When the averages were analyzed, the burnout levels of referees who had been referees for 7-9 years were quite high.
Table 6. Pearson’s Correlation Analysis Results of Variables

Dimensions		IS	ES	Burnout
Intrinsic Satisfaction	r	1	,536**	-,318**
Extrinsic Satisfaction	r	,536**	1	-,283*
Burnout	r	-,318**	-,283*	1

Note: Intrinsic Satisfaction (IS) and Extrinsic Satisfaction (ES)

As can be seen from Table 6, a negative significant correlation was found between the job satisfaction levels (intrinsic satisfaction, extrinsic satisfaction) of football referees and occupational burnout. As intrinsic satisfaction increased (r= -,318 p<0,01), burnout level decreased negatively. As extrinsic satisfaction increased (r= -,283 p<0,01), burnout level decreased negatively. At the same time, positive significant association was found between job satisfaction dimensions. As intrinsic satisfaction increased (r= ,536 p<0,01), extrinsic motivation increased positively.