XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
24
I–6
Coupled AFM/Raman microscopic systems for analysis of solid surfaces
Joanna Łojewska
1
, Andrzej Kołodziej
2
, Arkadiusz Knapik
3
, and Damian Chlebda
1
1
Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Kraków, Poland, e-mail: lojewska@gmail.com
2
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gliwice, Poland,
3
AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Kraków,
Poland
AFM coupled with Raman microscope is a new emerging technique that offers simultaneous
analysis of both morphology and texture of material with the chemical information obtained
with high spatial resolution even in nanometer scale. The system can be harnessed for
investigation of surfaces of solids in a number of ways among which are combined mapping,
with or without the tip enhanced Raman spectroscopic (TERS) effect. There are several optical
arrangements in which the measurements can be performed. Many of them are based on the
inverted configuration applied usually for biological samples. Several solutions have been
developed to obtain coupled AFM/Raman maps in a reflection mode. One of them offered by
Horriba Jobin-Yvon is presented in this survey. A real challenge for this technique is firstly to
achieve conjugated AFM and Raman images and secondly, to increase the spatial resolution of
imaging to nanometer scale. This in the literature occurred to be successful only for model
samples mainly graphene and fullerene-like structures deposited on flat gold surfaces as for
example if refs. [1, 2].
Since catalysis is pure surface science of our particular interest were the catalytic materials
composed of metal oxides in mono and bimetallic forms (Co, Cu, Ce, Pd), deposited on the
washcoated (Al
2
O
3
, CeO
2
) surfaces of the metallic carriers [3]. In this study these will be used to
demonstrate the possibilities of the technique mainly using far field effects. A new method of
synchronising of AFM and Raman will be presented. The surface composition found for
different catalytic systems will serve to search for structure-activity relationships.
References
[1] B. Pettinger, K.F. Domke, D. Zhang, G. Picardi, R. Schuster, Surf. Sci. 603 (2009) 1335.
[2] G. Picardi, M. Chaigneau, R. Ossikovski, Phys. Lett. 469 (2009) 161.
[3] J. Łojewska, A. Kołodziej, T. Łojewski, R. Kapica, J. Tyczkowski, Appl. Catal. A 366 (2009) 206.
XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
25
I–7
Raman imaging of endothelial cells – an insight into pathologies of
circulatory system in in vitro model studies
Krzysztof Czamara
1
, Alicja Slaby
1
, Marta Stojak
2
, Elzbieta Karnas
3,4
, Anna Selmi
2
,
Tomasz Wójcik
2
, Malgorzata Barańska
1,2
, and Agnieszka Kaczor
1,2
1
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, Krakow, Poland,
e-mail: kaczor@chemia.uj.edu.pl
2
Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego
14, Krakow, Poland
3
Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian
University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, Poland
4
Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, Krakow, Poland
Endothelium plays a plethora of essential functions in organism and considerably changes upon
development of lifestyle diseases. Well established knowledge and understanding of mechanisms of
cellular processes and pathologic states require insight into subcellular structures. Due to its high
spatial resolving power and label-free characteristic, confocal Raman microscopy is a potent tool to
investigate cell-based systems. It enables to visualize the major cell components and determine their
structural and biochemical composition, as well as alterations after exposure to various stimuli [1, 2].
Raman measurements can be complemented with AFM imaging to obtain information about
topography of cells.
The chemical changes of the endothelium in in vitro models of apoptosis (FasL and
cycloheximide models) and inflammation (TNF-α and lipopolysaccharides models) were studied. To
account for changes due to dynamics of the cell cycle, influence of the cell cycle dynamics on
discrimination of control/pathological cells was studied. Significant alterations in distribution and
composition of biomolecules in various organelles within cell body were observed. For example,
newly-formed, unsaturated lipid droplets were found in inflamed endothelial cells (Fig. 1). In general,
obtained results enabled to find Raman cellular markers of endothelial apoptosis and inflammation,
although phenotypic changes involving confluency, cell cycle dynamics and pathology development
were show to be interrelated.
Figure 1. Confocal Raman imaging of endothelial HMEC-1 cells after exposition to cytokine TNF-α (10 ng mL
–1
,
24 h). The microphotographs of a representative control (A) and stimulated (B) cell with marked area of
measurement (red squares). Raman images showing distribution of organic matter (C and D) and unsaturated
lipid bodies (E and F), respectively.
Keywords: confocal Raman microscopy; atomic force microscopy; endothelial cells; in vitro cellular models
Acknowledgment
The project was supported by the National Science Centre (DEC-2013/08/A/ST4/00308) and the European Union
from the resources of the European Regional Development Fund under the Innovative Economy Programme (grant
coordinated by JCET-UJ, POIG.01.01.02-00-069/09).
References
[1] K. Czamara, F. Petko, M. Baranska, A. Kaczor, Analyst 141 (2016) 1390.
[2] K. Czamara, K. Majzner, A. Selmi, M. Baranska, Y. Ozaki, A. Kaczor, Sci. Rep. 7 (2017) 40889.
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