XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
250
T2: P–35
The elemental anomalies occurring in the rat liver after low doses of
iron oxides nanoparticles intravenous administration
Katarzyna Matusiak
1
, Agnieszka Skoczen
1
, Zuzanna Setkowicz
2
,
Aldona Kubala-Kukus
3
, Ilona Stabrawa
3
, Małgorzata Ciarach
2
,
Aleksandra Jung
1
, Krzysztof Janeczko
2
, and Joanna Chwiej
1
1
AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Al.
A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland, e-mail: Katarzyna.Matusiak@fis.agh.edu.pl
2
Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
3
The Jan Kochanowski University, Laboratory of X-Ray Methods, Swietokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce,
Poland
The growing interest in the medical applications of nanoparticles (NPs) have been observed
recently. Development of new NPs for biomedical purposes is undergoing a dramatic expansion,
despite the fact that the potential toxicities of these nanomaterials is still not well known [1].
The main organ, potentially exposed to negative effects of nanoparticles administration is liver.
This multifunctional gland plays an important role in the metabolism and storage of iron, blood
filtration and organism detoxification.
The main aim of this study was to analyze the elemental anomalies occurring in the rat liver
after administration of iron oxides PEG-coated magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs). To achieve this
goal IONPs solution at a dose of 0.03mg Fe/kg of a body mass, suspended in 15% mannitol
solution was prepared and then intravenously administered to rats. Such a dose is 1-2 orders of
magnitude lower than that used in clinical practice and significantly lower than that used in
previous animal studies [2–5].
24 male Wistar rats, on the 60th day of their postnatal development, were divided into four
equal groups. Three of them were administered with IONPs. Depending on the group, the livers
were taken after 2 hours, 24 hours and 7 days (groups 2H, 24H and 7D, respectively) counting
from injection time. The fourth group was left without IONPs administration (naive controls).
The subtle elemental anomalies, occurring as a result of nanoparticles action, requires highly
sensitive analytical tool and the total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF) fulfills
such requirements. The liver concentrations of Fe and other important trace elements such as Ca,
Zn and Cu were investigated. Both temporary and long-term accumulation of IONPs in the rat
liver were examined directly through the determination of its Fe content. The elemental data
obtained for animals treated with NPs were compared with analogous information obtained for
the naive control group. Additionally, to explain the copper fluctuations in the liver,
concentration of this element in blood serum was measured.
The obtained results showed increasing trend of Fe level within liver occurring 2 hours from
IONPs injection. Twenty four hours after NPs administration, the liver Fe content was at a
normal level what may be interpreted as the short-term accumulation of nanoparticles in the
organ. The other trace elements (Ca, Cu and Zn) levels changed significantly and the anomalies
in their accumulation were still observed 7 days after IONPs injection. Cu level decreased whilst
concentration of Ca and Zn increased in all groups of animals treated with NPs. The reduced
liver Cu together with the increase of its serum concentration, might be related with triggering of
the mechanisms responsible for Fe metabolism in the organism.
Keywords: iron oxides nanoparticles; TXRF; liver elemental analysis
References
[1] H. Fischer, W. C. Chan, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 18 (2007) 565.
[2] B. Chertok, Biomaterials 29 (2008) 487.
[3] T. K. Jain, M. K. Reddy, M. A. Morales, D. L. Leslie-Pelecky, V. Labhasetwar Pharm. 5 (2008) 316.
[4] A. Hanini Int. J. Nanomedicine 6 (2011)787.
[5] P. Varallyay, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23 (2002) 510
.
XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
251
T2: P–36
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic properties of novel dimeric
ruthenium(II) and rhodium(II) compounds
Agnieszka Gilewska
1
, Barbara Barszcz
1
, Katarzyna Kazimierczuk
2
,
Justyna Trynda
3
, and Joanna Wietrzyk
3
1
Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska Str., 25-406 Kielce, Poland,
e+mail: agnieszka5052@wp.pl
2
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology,
11/12 G. Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
3
Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Rudolfa
Weigla Str.,53-114 Wrocław, Poland
Although platinum-based drugs have been clinical successfully used for cancer treatment for
more than 30 years, it is worthy to notice that they show two main disadvantages: i) the
development of platinum resistance; ii) the occurrence of severe side effects, such as nephro-,
neuro- and ototoxicity. Therefore the development of metal-based anticancer drugs containing
different transition-metal ions is a valid strategy for looking for new drugs [1]. Among these, the
ruthenium and rhodium complexes recently have been shown to be promising alternatives
(clinical trials: NAMI-A and KP1019). Over the past decade, research has shifted towards
organometallic Ru(II) and Rh(II) compounds [1, 2]. In this presentation we present
spectroscopic, structural and biological properties of two complexes. The complex [(p-
cymRu)
2
Cl
3
]PF
6
was formed by reacting precursor [Ru(p-cymene)Cl
2
]
2
with 2-amino-4-
methylthazole as ligand and ammonium hexafluorophosphate in experiment conditions. In turn,
as a result of the reaction RhCl
3
with metallic rhodium and thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (L) in
the presence of triethylamine we obtained a dimer of formula: [Rh
2
(L)
4
](EtN
3
)
2
. The isolated
compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, thermal
analysis, X-ray single crystal structure method. Moreover, biological properties of metal
complexes were analyzed. The cytotoxicity results obtained for Rh(II) complex (IC
50
=4.02 for
MV-4-11) are better than Ru(II) complex (IC
50
=81.31 for MV-4-11) (Fig. 1). Hence,
[Rh
2
(L)
4
](EtN
3
)
2
seems to be promising drug candidate for antitumor therapy.
Fig. 1. IC
50
values (μg/ml) representing the anti-proliferative activity of Ru(II) and Rh(II) complexes
in a panel of three human cell lines and normal mice fibroblasts.
References
[1] S.H. van Rijt, P.J. Sadler, Drug Discov. Today 14 (2009) 1089.
[2] N. Katsaros, A. Anagnostopoulou, Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 42 (2002) 299.
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