XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
170
T1: P–37
Investigation of nitrogen transport in active screen plasma nitriding
processes
Jaroslaw Jan Jasinski
1
, Malgorzata Lubas
2
, Lukasz Kurpaska
3
, and Maciej Sitarz
4
1
Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Logistics and International Managment,
Av. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, e-mail: jarjasinski@o2.pl
2
Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute for Material Engineering, Av. Armii Krajowej 19,
42-200 Czestochowa,
3
Materials Research Laboratory, National Center for Nuclear Research, Swierk-Otwock 05 -500
Poland
5
AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Av.
A.Mickiewicza 30, Krakow
In order to enhance bio-active properties of titanium 99.2 used in implantology and various
biomedical applications, numerous methods to form tight oxide coatings are being investigated.
Consider interesting techniques for generating TiO
2
coatings, electrochemical methods with
anodizing, electric discharge treatment, plasma methods (PVD) and diffusive methods
(conventional oxidation, oxidation in a fluidized bed) are mostly applied. Each method aims to
create a thin homogenous oxide coating characterized with thermal stability and repassivation
ability in the presence of i.e. body fluid environment [1]. However, new methods are still sought
for increasing the biocompatibility of the substrate following a change in the intensity of
depositing on the oxide coating compounds with high biocompatibility with body tissues,
including hydroxyapatite, which constitutes the basis for subsequent osseointegration processes
[2–3]. The article presents spectroscopic investigation of HAp formed on Ti 99.2 surface after
hybrid oxidation process. Surface treatments combines methods of fluidized bed atmospheric
diffusive treatment FADT with the PVD realized for different parameters (883 K, 913 K / 8 h /
TiO
2
target). In order to investigate the effects of hybrid oxidation on HAp molecules formation,
SEM-EDS, RS, GID-XRD were realized. The hybrid method of titanium oxidation proposed by
the Authors presents new outlook of modification and development of oxide coatings properties
in the area of biomedical applications. Combining the ways of Ti Grade 2 oxidation in the
hybrid method improves of titanium surface roughness after oxidation, which due to the surface
smoothing result in the formation of the tight PVD coating. Intensive formation of
hydroxyapatite globular molecules shows the potential of applying the techniques presented
above to the growth of bone tissues.
Keywords: titanium 99.2; hybrid oxidation treatment; bioactivity; hydroxyapatite
References
[1] B.D. Ratner, Titanium in Medicine: Brunette DM, Tengvall P, Textor M, Thomsen P, editors.
Springer, 2001, pp. 1-10.
[2] X. Cui, H.M. Kim, M. Kawashita, L. Wang, T. Xiong, T. Kokubo, T. Nakamura, Dental Materials 25
(2009) 80.
[3] T. Kokubo, H.M. Kim, M. Kawashita, T. Nakamura, J. Mater. Sci. 15 (2004) 99.
XIV
h
International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
171
T1: P–38
Spectroscopic investigation of titanium based functional materials
formed with different hybrid treatments
Jaroslaw Jan Jasinski
1
, Malgorzata Lubas
2
, Lukasz Kurpaska
3
,
Wojciech Napadlek
4
, and Maciej Sitarz
5
1
Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Logistics and International Managment, Av.
Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, e-mail: jarjasinski@o2.pl
2
Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute for Material Engineering, Av. Armii Krajowej 19,
42-200 Czestochowa,
3
Materials Research Laboratory, National Center for Nuclear Research, Swierk-Otwock 05-500,
Poland
4
Military University of Technology in Warsaw, Kaliskiego 2, 01-476 Warszawa
5
AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics,
Av. A.Mickiewicza 30, Krakow
The article presents the results of spectroscopic investigation of Ti 99.2 based functional
substrates formed with hybrid oxidation process. Surface treatments combines methods of
fluidized bed atmospheric diffusive treatment FADT with the PVD treatment and laser
treatment. The processes were realized to form a titanium diffusive layer saturated with oxygen
in the diffusion process (substrate) and a tight homogeneous oxide coating on Ti surface
deposited with magnetron spraying and laser technique [1]. The hybrid treatment was realized in
Al
2
O
3
fluidized bed reactor with air atmosphere, at 883 and 913 K for 8, 12 h and magnetron
sputtering, with the use of TiO
2
target at a pressure of 3×10
–2
mbar and laser treatment Nd:YAG
(λ= 1064 nm). In order to investigate the effects of hybrid oxidation, microscopic (AFM, SEM,
SEM-EBSD), spectroscopic (RS, GDOS) and x-ray tests (GID-XRD,) were performed. Applied
hybrid technique made it possible to combine the effects of the layers generated and to reduce
the stresses in the area of the PVD coating/oxidized
Ti substrate interface. Furthermore, the Raman spectroscopy showed results obtained from
for oxide layers for different variants of oxidation allowed for detailed analysis of the oxides
that were created. The coatings formed had structure, with a Tiα(O) diffusion zone and a TiO
2
rutile and anatase oxide zone deposited and textured on the substrate [2]. Phase composition of
these oxides is essential to the processes of osseointegration i.e. intensity of hydroxyapatite
growing on the implant surface.
In addition, the processes influenced the decrease in the surface roughness parameter and the
increase in substrate functional activation, important for biomedical applications [3].
Keywords: functional materials; hybrid treatment; titanium oxidation; Raman spectroscopy
References
[1] H.L. Ma, J.Y. Yang, Y. Dai, Y.B. Zhang, B. Lu, G.H. Ma, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 (2007) 7497.
[2] M. Lubas, M. Sitarz, J.J. Jasinski, P. Jelen, L. Klita, P. Podsiad, J. Jasinski, Spectrochim. Acta A 133
(2014). 883.
[3] D. Velten, V. Biehl, F. Aubertin, B. Valeske, W. Possart, J. Breme, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 59 (2002)
28.
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