O zbek iston respublikasi oliy va 0 ‘rta maxs*js ta’lim vazirligi
Yüklə 59,47 Kb. Pdf görüntüsü
|
Q iziq ish psixologik m o h i y a t in in g dastlabki k o krinishi — b u uni o d a m l a r t o m o n i d a n a n g l a b yetishi yoki t u s h u n i s h im k o n iy a tid ir. S haxs qiziqish m a h s u l i n i , u n in g o q i b a t in i a n g la sh , t a s a w u r etish o r q a li g i n a o b y e k tiv boiiiq d a g i n a r s a va h o d isa la rg a ongli, ta n la b m u n o s a b a t d a b o l a d i . L e k in b u v o q e l i k n i a n g l a s h , t u s h u n i s h i n s o n d a b i r d a n i g a s o d i r b o M m a y d i, b alki m u a y y a n v a q t d a v o m i d a u n d a b i l is h j a r a y o n l a r i , shaxsiy fazilatlari i n d iv id u a l - t i p o l o g i k x u s u - siyatlar rivojlanishi tufayli y u z a g a keladi. S h u n i t a ’k id la s h joizki, qiziqish psixologik m o h i y a t i n i n g n a m o y o n b o l i s h i d a aqliy j a r a y o n l a r m u h i m o ‘r i n d a tu rish i h o d is a s in in g q a y d qilinishi u fa q at in telle k td an t a s h k il t o p a d i , d e g a n m a ’n o n i a n g l a t m a y d i, albatta. Shu b o is, q iz iq ish psixologik m o h i y a t i n i n g i k k i n c h i k o 'r in i s h i — u n i n g h i s - t u y g 'u l a r , e m o - t s i o n a l h o l a t l a r b i l a n u y g ' u n l a s h g a n , m u j a s s a m l a s h g a n t a rz d a ifo d ala n ish id ad ir. M a ' l u m k i , his-tuyg*ular, s h u n i n g - d e k , e m o t s i o n a l h o la tla r ( e m o t s i o n a l t o n , kayfiyat, s h i - j o a t , e h t ir o s va b o sh q alar) s h a x s n i n g b o rliq d ag i a n i q v o q e - likka, n a r s a va hodisalarga, m u a y y a n faoliyatga in tilis h in i, s a ’y - h a r a k a tl a r i n i k u c h a y ti r a d i, ja d a l l a s h t i r a d i , s a f a r b a r - likni o b y e k t g a y o 'n a ltira d i. I n s o n o ‘z shaxsiy q iz i q i s h in i q o n d i r g a n d a n keyingina u n d a y o q i m l i h i s - t u y g 'u i a r u y - g l o n a d i , r u h i y q o n i q i s h , o ‘z n a v b a t i d a , l a z z a t l a n i s h (p rak sik ) hissi vujudga keladi. Q i z i q i s h n i psixologik m o h i y a t i n i n g u c h i n c h i k o ^ ri- nishi — b u u n i n g iroda s ifatlari, i r o d a akti bilan u n u i m - la s h g a n t a r z d a vujudga k c li s h i d ir . Ir o d a v iy z o ‘r b e r i s h , m u a y y a n q a r o r b o 'y i c h a i n t i l i s h , b a ’zi q i y i n c h i l i k l a r n i y e n g i s h , m u s t a q i l l i k n a m o y o n q i l is h q i z i q i s h n i q a r o r t o p t ir a d i , shaxsni niaqsad sari y e ta k la y d i. Q i z i q i s h n i psixologik m o h i y a t i n i n g t o ‘rtin c h i k o ‘r i - n i s h i — b u u n i n g oliy n e r v f a o l i y a t i x u s u s i y a t l a r i v a t e m p e r a m e n t tiplari bilan b irg a , m u ja s s a m la s h g a n h o l d a n a m o y o n boMishidir. Q i z i q i s h n in g n erv -fizio lo g ik m e x a n iz m la r i t o ‘g ‘r i s i d a m u l o h a z a y u ritilg a n d a, d astav v a l r u s o lim i I . P . P a v l o v n i n g oliy n e rv faoliyati haqidagi t a ' l i m o t i n i eslab o ‘tish j o i z . U n i n g „ b u n i m a ? “ refleksi, y a ' n i o riy e n tiro v k a ( m o ‘ljal 95 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi olish) refleksi q i z i q i s h n in g m o d d iy n e g iz in i tu s h u n t ir is h d a m u h i m a h a m i y a t k a s b e tadi. A w a l I . P . P a v l o v , s o ‘ngra P .K . A n o x i n , N . A . B c r n s h t e y n , B .M . T e p lo v , V .S .M e rlin , V .D .N e b i l it s i n va b o s h q a l a r in sondagi q iz iq is h n in g ncrv- fiziologik m ^ x a n i z m l a r in i bosh m iy a k a tta y a rim s h a rla ri p o ‘s t l o g ‘id a o r i y e n t i r o v k a re flek si n e g i z i d a m u r a k k a b m u v a q q a f ' b o g ‘l a n i s h l a r n i n g v u j u d g a k e l i s h i d ir , d e g a n y o ‘s i n d a t a l q i n q i l m o q d a la r . Q i z iq is h n in g m o d d i y asos- lari I . P . P a v l o v n i n g o ‘z a r o induksiya q o n u n i , p o lstloqdagi o p tim a l q o ‘z g ‘a!ish o ‘c h o g ‘i va d in a m ik stere o tip larg a oid q a r a s h la rid a , A .A .U x to m s k i y n i n g d o m i n a n t q a ra s h la rid a h a m d a Y .N .S o k o l o v n i n g oriyentir m u ra k k a b psixofiziologik h odisa ekanligi h a q id a g i tadqiqotlarida o ‘z aksini topgan. H ozirgi d a v r d a q iz iq ish shaxsning individuai-psixologik x u s u s iy a t i d a n i b o r a t , d e g a n x u lo sa o d a t i y boMib qoldi. S h u n g a q a ra m a y , b a ’zi m an b a la rd a qiziqishga m uay y an solía b o ky i c h a t o ‘g ‘ri moMjal olishga, yangi o m i l i a r b ila n ta n i- shishga, v o q e lik n i t o l a va c h u q u r aks e ttirish g a y o rd a m b erad ig an m otiv d ir, d e g a n t a 'r i f h a m beriladi. S h u n g a m u ta - no sib ta rz d a q i z iq is h bilish ja ra y o n i sifatida o ‘rin egallab, u ijobiy h i s - t u y g ‘u l a r d a y o 'n a ltirilg a n o b y e k t bilan c h u - q u r r o q t a n is h is h , u h a q d a k o ‘p ro q m a ’l u m o t g a ega b o l i s h , u n i n g m o h i y a t in i a n g l a b yctish b o ra sid a sh a x s n in g istagida n a m o y o n b o i a d i , d e g a n m u lo h a z a la r h a m m a vjuddir. S h u n i a l o h i d a ta 'k i d l a s h lozim ki, sh a x s n in g ishtiyo- q in i q o n d i r i s h g a y o ‘naltirilg an lig in i aks e tti r u v c h i q iz i q i s h n i n g q o n d i r i l i s h i h e c h q a c h o n u n i n g s o ‘n i s h i n i i fo d a la m a y d i, a k s i n c h a , o b y e k tn in g n o m a ’l u m qirralarini a n iq la s h u c h u n ish n i d a v o m ettirishga u n d a y d i. S h u bilan b irg a , q i z i q i s h , b i l is h v a u n i n g j a r a y o n l a r i f u n k s i o n a l h o la tin in g d o im iy q o ‘z g ‘atuvchi m e x a n iz m i sifatida vujudga keladi v a aks etadi. P s i x o l o g i y a d a q i z i q i s h q u y id a g i t i p l a r g a a j ra tila d i: 1) m a z m u n ig a k o ‘ra: shaxsiy va ijtimoiy; 2) m aq sad ig a k o ‘ra: bevosita va bilvosita; 3) k o l a m i g a ko‘ra: ken g va tor; 4) qizi- q is h la r d arajasig a k o kra: b a r q a r o r va b e q a ro r. Q i z i q i s h m a z m u n j i h a t i d a n q u y i d a g i l a r d a : b ilish e h tiy o jla rin in g o b y e k t l a r i qaysilar, b ilish n in g m a z k u r fao- 96 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi Yüklə 59,47 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
|