Point of departure is the social relativity of scientific knowledge: to what extent do social processes contribute to the development of knowledge?
Yüklə
476 Kb.
tarix
25.07.2018
ölçüsü
476 Kb.
#58903
Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
How social factors help to explain
Context of Discovery: scientist is situated in a historical and social context.
After Kuhn: sociology of science in full bloom.
The social and historical context.
Karl Marx (1845): Karl Marx (1845)
The liberating force is communicative rationality, domination-free communication.
Social-psychological studies of science as a societal enterprise: e.g., infrastructure and laboratories; political influences; allocation of means.
Cognitive-psychological studies of scientific thinking and reasoning; creativity; the genius; discovery.
Point of departure is the social relativity of scientific knowledge: to what extent do social processes contribute to the development of knowledge?
How social factors help to explain:
the content
of scientific knowledge
;
the organization (infrastructure) of science;
the allocation of means.
These studies are also called:
S
cience Studies
or S
cience
of Science
Context of Discovery: scientist is situated in a historical and social context.
Context of Discovery: scientist is situated in a historical and social context.
Marx: ‘ideology’.
Mannheim: ‘sociology of knowledge’.
Frankfurter Schule – Habermas.
After Kuhn: sociology of science in full bloom.
Barnes and Bloor (Edinburgh): ‘The Strong Programme’.
The historical origins of theories.
The historical origins of theories.
The social and historical context.
The subjective side of research.
The social influence on theories.
Historiography: sometimes called
‘Externalism’
or
‘Contextualism’.
Karl Marx (1845):
Karl Marx (1845):
false consciousness of the
socio-economic dominant class
, justifying the
status quo
i.e. the ideas of capitalism.
Karl Mannheim (1936):
sociology of knowledge:
all
knowledge is determined by social-economic factors.
Science and technology have become ideologies they have led to technical-instrumental
rationality and objectivism
;
Science and technology have become ideologies they have led to technical-instrumental rationality and objectivism;
s&t
serve interests
, are instruments for control;
they legitimate
the system of domination
;
instrumental rationality is ‘half’ rationality;
this criticism of ideology constitutes its unmasking.
The liberating force
is communicative rationality
, domination-free communication.
The way to
truth
is not objectivism (correspondence) but
consensus.
This means a shift from the Marxian primacy of production to the primacy of communication.
Social-psychological studies of science as a societal enterprise: e.g., infrastructure and laboratories;
political influences
; allocation of means.
Social-psychological studies of knowledge-acquisition: social factors of scientific cognition; the social nature of ‘discoveries’; networking.
Cognitive-psychological studies of scientific
thinking and reasoning
; creativity;
the genius
; discovery.
Yüklə
476 Kb.
Dostları ilə paylaş:
Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©genderi.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət
Ana səhifə
Psixologiya