QəDİm diyari xinaliq azərbaycan Dövlət Nəşriyyatı
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- D efinition o f the pictures. P ictu re 1. The b eesw ax w hich becam e callou s. (Situated in the H inaliq M useum )
- D efin ition o f the pictures. P icture 1. The b eesw a x w hich becam e callou s. (Situated in the H inaliq M useum )
- P ic tu re 5.
- P ictu re
- P ictu re 12.
- P icture 14.
- Hüseyn Paşayev
- U ço t nəşr vərəqi 3,0 Sayı 500 nüsxə Qiyməti müqavilə ilə 60
last those researches it is proved, that "Shahdagian nationalities descendants of such ancient tribes Caucasus of Albania, as Gats and an Era. Actually Hinalig, Budug, Haput not self-names of these ethnoses, and names of such historical districts of northern-western part Caucasus of | Albania, as Heni, the Era, Troubles (today's territory Sheki-Zakatali of the Azerbaijan Republic). These tribes, j passing through mountain a ridge have moved fromj northwest to a northeast part of Azerbaijan. It is necessary
to note, that among xinaligs and haputilian there is legend that their ancestors have moved from the cities of] Heno and Em a /Xeni, Shyabra/. Ethnogenetic connection "Shahdagian nationalities I with tribes of the Caucasian Albania data in sources XIX ij of a century about pass through snow ridges connecting Among ancient beliefs "Shahdagian nationalities" the special place occupies a cult of mountain. Living among high mountains, Shahdag, Tufandrag, Gibledag, Babadag, "Shahdagian nationalities", as well as all Azerbaijanians worship to mountains and created different legends about them. The myth which has extended in all Azerbaijan about NuWGemiqaya, İlanhda ğ/, etc. exists also settlements of Shahdag. Among people "Shahdagian groups "the legend about mountain Tufan was kept. It repeats a legend about mountain of AgraM ğr da / which was known among Turkic people. Now the small one- nominal lake about mountain Tufan is considered sacred. Extended in all territory of Azerbaijan worships about spirit "is scarlet" (this spirit is dangerous to the lying-in woman and the child) among "Shahdagian confirm confirm also northwest Albania with settlements | nationalities" it is known as «Istar» more often. Shahdagskimi. It is interesting, that located between Hinaligian and a northwest part of Azerbaijan the mountain Tufan among the population is considered sacred. Except for that the common features of customs and ceremonies, shahdagian and population Sheki-Zakatali still time proves beliefs noted. In article comparisons in this direction are conducted. As well as in all regions of Azerbaijan, in Shahdagian villages there is a set of sacred places / pir,
"shisrafilbaba pir", "Qırxabdal baba pir", "Xıdır Nyabi", "Babadilim piri", "Kulaxana”, "Baba daq piri", etc.! vestiges of ancient beliefs, such as a cult of the sun, the moon, water, mountain, a cult of ancestors are traced. So, materials collected in Shahdagian villages, testify that the most ancient representations here were cept, vestiges of cults Shumerian and Scythian deities as 3apayas, Ishtar, etc. It is possible to come to conclusion, hat
religious-mythological outlooks "Shahdagian nationalities" are closely connected with Shumerian deology, and their researches as a whole open ancient oots of the Azerbaijan spiritual culture. There are people, )rocess of disappearance of which ethnic habits occurs ilmost to our eyes. Quantity of such people is ^significant. Quite often it is inhabitants only one or everal settlements. In Azerbaijan live "Shahdag ethnic- roups "to which refer to "hinaliq, buduq, kriz". The name ■ "Shahdag ethnic groups "from the name of mountain hahdag, near to settlements of hinaliqs, buduqs, kriz. hese settlements some kind of the ethnographic reserve 5
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created by history and the nature in mounts of Caucasus and up to now saved in crop many relict form. The history and ethnography of Shahdag people represents doubtless scientific interest from the point of view of the ethno genetic roots, traditional roots of these people, in the modern historical literature it is established an ethno consanguinity Shahdag people with ancient nations of the Caucasian Albania. Factors contributed to conservation of ethnic specificity geographical insulation and family traditions. Family-marriage traditions in Shahdag in the past were characterized by strict endogamy. In family ceremonials Shahdag people there are lots of extends between vestiges i of ancient religions. In paper it is presented various I conviction (“baba qolu”, İstar and. etc.), feastings, sanctuaries (Pir Chumart, Kulaxana, "Baba dagi" and etc.). Between parental customs of hegnalians appear very belonging rituals. For example, boys which had left this ! world, or birth of several girls leave on head a curl which I would not be shaved until child is 7 year old. It was ' believed that God would see from above the curl and would stop for getting lost or to die. It is interesting that ; between kuliks was also existed belief to leave a curl in shaved head. In mythical writings hipamngs exists “istar” I {possibly, Shemarian Ishtar} or Istar lerat {possibly, Mariam}. It also could be counted testifies that in Az that never be known with names of Goddess fertility Istar. In the time when on villages were collected mate rials of amulets. Especially, cornelian bracelet {reddish }- Baba gulu was secured of all troubles, including stopping someone putting eye on person. Stone of cornelian was believed to be strong. That’s why it was tried that in every house existed its stone “Baba Gulu”. Keeping gives from sky on the time of thunder, or when lighting strikes. In hinaligians also could be seen ritual- “A1 gabani” which yellow smooth bone, which watches after woman who gives birth and new-born from spirit “А Г. Spirit A1 steals liver and heart of new-born and woman who gave birth. In the time of ethnographical expedition were collected materials and leanings. In one of old ancient ritual“Chabbar baba” in the field were lying plane stone on size 1.3x0.8 m, in which there were bringing sacrifices. Near that altars dig on land two trees posts in above as looks conventionalized horn. Probably those horns were symbols of new Moon. As it is widely known, ancient habitants of Azerbaijan respected of Moon cult in which one of them is new Moon on Earth was horns of bull. In south part Hanamich located ritual “Hudur Nabi” which was believed that it cures from toothache and other sicknesses and helps followers. Guests of ritual itself to graveyard wheat which was growing. Interesting that by ancient Turkish beliefs people were gathering on road certainly poured wheat. Only after its growth there were going on the road. On one of the Turkish origin Kerkuk 's peoples {Iraq} this ancient ritual also had existed. In the book according to the Hinaliq village was given information in English about pictures. D efinition o f the pictures. P ictu re 1. The b eesw ax w hich becam e callou s. (Situated in the H inaliq M useum ) P ictu re 2. P eop le o f the Hinaliq 52 53 created by history and the nature in mounts of Caucasus and up to now saved in crop many relict form. The history and ethnography of Shahdag people represents doubtless scientific interest from the point of view of the ethno genetic roots, traditional roots of these people. In the modem historical literature it is established an ethno consanguinity Shahdag people with ancient nations o f the Caucasian Albania. Factors contributed to conservation of ethnic specificity geographical insulation and family traditions. Family-marriage traditions in Shahdag in the past were characterized by strict endogamy. In family ceremonials Shahdag people there are lots of extends between vestiges of ancient religions. In paper it is presented various conviction (“baba qolu”, İstar and. etc.), feastings, sanctuaries (Pir Chumart, Kulaxana, "Baba dagi" and etc.). Between parental customs of hegnalians appear very belonging rituals. For example, boys which had left this world, or birth of several girls leave on head a curl which would not be shaved until child is 7 year old. It was believed that God would see from above the curl and would stop for getting lost or to die. It is interesting that between kuliks was also existed belief to leave a curl in shaved head. In mythical writings hipanings exists “Istar” {possibly, Shemarian Ishtar} or Istar Ierat {possibly, Mariam}. It also could be counted testifies that in Az that never be known with names of Goddess fertility Istar. In the time when on villages were collected mate rials of amulets. Especially, cornelian bracelet {reddish }- Baba gulu was secured of all troubles, including stopping someone putting eye on person. Stone of cornelian was 52
believed to be strong. That’s why it was tried that in every house existed its stone “Baba Gulu”. Keeping gives from sky on the time of thunder, or when lighting strikes. In hinaligians also could be seen ritual- “A1 gabani” which yellow smooth bone, which watches after woman who gives birth and new-born from spirit “Al”. Spirit A1 steals liver and heart of new-born and woman who gave birth.
In the time of ethnographical expedition were collected materials and leanings. In one of old ancient ritual“Chabbar baba” in the field were lying plane stone on size 1.3x0.8 m, in which there were bringing sacrifices. Near that altars dig on land two trees posts in above as looks conventionalized horn. Probably those horns were symbols of new Moon. As it is widely known, ancient habitants of Azerbaijan respected of Moon cult in which one of them is new Moon on Earth was horns of bull. In south part Hanamich located ritual “Hudur Nabi” which was believed that it cures from toothache and other sicknesses and helps followers. Guests of ritual itself to graveyard wheat which was growing. Interesting that by ancient Turkish beliefs people were gathering on road certainly poured wheat. Only after its growth there were going on the road. On one of the Turkish origin Kerkuk's peoples!Iraq} this ancient ritual also had existed. In the book according to the Hinaliq village was given information in English about pictures.
P ictu re 3. Stone called “Babaqulu”(this stone is protect from all disasters) Picture 4. Boy with plait on the crown which wasn’t cut since he was bom (this the ancient birth tradition)
The place of worship related with cult water called “Kirk Abdal”
The most Ancient Sanctuary of the village called “Piri Jomert” which took new name after Islam religion was accepted by population“Abu Muslurn” P ictu re 7. Sanctuary called “ Juma Mecidi” P ic tu re 8. Wooden column with decoration of the sun cult. (Situated in the sanctuary “Juma Mecidi”)
Stone with symbols which is similar to “Orxon- Yenisey” alphabet (on the wall of the “Juma Mecidi”)
P ic tu re 10. Ancient grave stone with unique pictures. P ic tu re 11. The wooden holy column like a bull hom which is one of the symbols of the ancient Moon cult. (Situated in the sanctuary called “Jabbar baba”) P ictu re 12. The bull hom which is on the wall of the Hinalic houses.( This is the symbol of the fecundity)
The stone on the wall of the Hinaliq house like a new moon.
The grave stone with silhouette of the human form like a “Orxon-Yenisey" monument.
MÜNDƏRİCAT Ön söz.........................................................................................3 M üəllifdən.................................................................................5 I Fəsil
Etnik tarix və etnogenetik əlaqələr........................................ 8 II Fəsil
Qohumluq münasibətləri və ailə mərasimləri ...................14 III Fəsil Pir in a n d a n .............................................................................24 N əticə...................................................................................... 45 Drevniy kray Azerbaydjana -X inaluq (rezyume) ........... 46 Ancient land of Azerbaijan-Hinaliq (resum e)..................49 İllüstrasiyalar......................................................................... 55 59
F o t o l a r ı Hüseyn Paşayev ç ə k m iş d ir. Paşayeva Məhəbbət Azərbaycanın qədim diyarı Xınalıq Azərnəşr, Bakı, 2006 Yığılm ağa verilmiş 18.08.06 Çapa imzalanmış 22.08. 06 Form atı 84x108 1/32
Şərti çap vərəqi 3,75 U ço t nəşr vərəqi 3,0 Sayı 500 nüsxə Qiyməti müqavilə ilə 60 Yüklə 397,14 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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