Questions of 2017 Unification Quiz Program for High School Students

[answer] ②

32. 
    Which below is correct for the agreement underlined?
    

The First North Korean nuclear crisis took place in 1993. North Korea withdrew from the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and in the following year it seceded from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) officially. The US government reviewed the bombardment of its nuclear facilities in Youngbyun under such situation. However, The US and North Korea narrowly escaped from the crisis by coming to the agreement in Geneva.

① Sightseeing of Mt. Geumgang will be implemented.

② South and North Coordinating Committee shall be set up.

③ North Korean nuclear issue will be resolved through the Six Party Talks.

④ 500,000 tons of heavy oil will be supplied per year to North Korea.

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 The US government promised to build two units of light-water reactors and supply 500,000 tons of heavy oil per year in return for stopping the nuclear development of North Korea through the “Geneva Agreement” made in 1994 between Washington and Pyongyang.

33. 
    Which below is the correct explanation on the High Ranking Talks between the South and North held from 1991?
    

① A basic agreement between the South and North was executed.

② North Korea declared suspending the talks by the reason of June 23 Declaration.

③ The head of South Korean delegation was the Minister of Unification.

④ They agreed upon visiting home towns by the separated families and performance exchange by artistic groups.

[answer] ①

【Explanation】 The high ranking talks with a prime minister being the head of delegation from both sides was held in 1991. The basic agreement was executed at the fifth talks between Seoul and Pyongyang.

34. 
    Which below is correct in explaining the Summit Talks between the South and North?
    

① It was held in Seoul.

② It was held on the occasion of sinking the Cheonam Navy Ship by North Korea.

③ It was held during Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun administrations.

④ They agreed upon the principle of independence, peace and the greatest national solidarity.

[answer] ③

【Explanation】 The South and North Summit Talks were held twice in 2000 with Kim Dae-jung and 2007 with Roh Moo-hyun in Pyongyang. ② It took place in 2010 while Lee Myung-bak was the president of South Korea. ④ It is July 4 Joint Declaration Between South and North Korea in 1972.

35. 
    Which below is correct as the provocation of North Korea committed in 1960s?
    

① Explosion of KAL airplane ② Explosion of the Aungsan Tombs in Myanmar

③ Attacking the Blue House ④ Infiltration of Gangreung by a North Korean submarine.

[answer] ③

【Explanation】 Attacking the Blue House took place in 1968. ① 1987 ② 1983 ④ 1996 incidents.

【Unification】 3.Unification of Korean Peninsula and Its Surrounding Countries

1. 
   The South Korean government imposes customs duty on trade with North Korea.
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 Inter-Korean trade is regarded to be an internal trade and as such the export of goods between the South and North is called carrying out and import is called carrying in. Accordingly no customs duty thereon is imposed.

2. 
   President Trump made it clear that the U.S. will continue to recognize Japanese administration of Senkaku Islands, which its dominium is in dispute with China, when he had the summit talks with Prime Minister Abe of Japan in February 2017.
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 The U.S.A. admitted that the Senkaku Islands of which dominium is in dispute with China are subject to Article 5 of the U.S.-Japan Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security, the duties of the U.S. to defend Japan.

3. 
   The Fourth meeting of the Six Party Talks held in 2005 agreed upon abolishing all nuclear weapons and programs of North Korea and North Korea’s return to NPT and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). What is the title of the statement announced after the agreement?
   

[answer] September 19 Joint Declaration

【Explanation】 At the fourth meeting of the Six Party Talks in the year of 2005, the participating nations announced the September 19 Joint Declaration describing the promises of North Korea’s return to the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the IAEA, and taking the measures to normalize the relationships between America and North Korea and Japan and North Korea.

4. 
   Which one below cannot be called a major conflict causing recent military threat and security anxiety in the region of North East Asia?
   

① Military provocation of North Korea by nuclear testing and launching missiles

② Occurrence of the refugees due to the terrors by Islamic countries

③ South China Sea conflict due to the territory dispute between China and Japan

④ Tension and confrontation among the related nations about South Korea’s deployment of the Theater of High Altitude Area Defense Missile (THAAD).

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 The issue of the terror by the Islamic State is not a political situation of North East Asia but it is taking place worldwide. The refugee issue caused by such terror becomes an international concern beyond a certain area.

5. 
   Which below is not right as a unification diplomatic strategy to achieve unification of the Korean Peninsula?
   

① For China, the appearance of a unified Korea will keep the relations between Korea/America and Korea/China balanced and it will be a great opportunity for the economic development of China.

② For Japan, the appearance of a unified Korea will make Japan easy to advance to the continent and Japan could be a partner of the peace and prosperity of North East Asia together with the unified Korea.

③ America, Korea and the U.S. alliance will be strengthened and refreshed, which will guarantee stronger interest of America in the North East Asia.

④ For Russia, unified Korea will give bigger strength to Russia for its development strategy focused on Europe and Europe can enjoy another Renaissance.

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 Russia's strategy has been concentrating on Far East Asia and Siberia rather than Europe.

6. 
   The following is the explanation on the Inter-Korean policy of President Obama. What is his policy corresponding to the underlined “Diplomatic Strategy”?
   

The Obama administration basically strengthened the sanction against North Korea after the sinking of the Cheonam Navy Ship and Yeonpyungdo Island bombardment by North Korea in 2010 and at the same time he promoted a diplomatic strategy, keeping the door of dialogue open to Pyongyang.

① Negligence in good-faith ② Strategic patience ③ East Asia community theory ④ A tough direct diplomacy

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 The inter-Korean policy of the Obama administration is a “Strategic Patience,” of which direct meaning is to wait patiently until “North Korea will step in the road of denuclearization.”

7. 
   What is the right description on the October 3 agreement made at the Phase Two, Sixth Meeting of the Six Party Talks held in 2007?
   

① Starting the bilateral dialogue between the US and North Korea

② Supplying 1 million tons of heavy oil to North Korea

③ Closing and sealing the nuclear facilities in North Korea within 60 days.

④ North Korea’s return to IAEA’s safe measures

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 Phase Two, Sixth Meeting of the Six Party Talks held in 2007 agreed that North Korea would complete disabling its nuclear facilities and reporting its nuclear program by the end of 2007. Meanwhile, in response to it, US would start the procedure to release designating North Korea as a terrorism supporting country and promote supplying economic aid to North Korea worthy of 1 million tons of heavy oil. They are called the October 3 agreement.

8. 
   UN Resolution 2270 was adopted unanimously by 15 members of UN Security Council at 10 am Mar. 2, 2016 at the UN headquarters in New York City. The said resolution followed the UN Resolution 1718 (2006), Sanction against North Korea, Resolution 1874 (2009) and Resolution 2094 (2013) which were adopted by the UN in response to the three nuclear tests conducted by North Korea. So it was the fourth resolution of such kind and it was adopted quickly within 57 days after the fourth nuclear test by North Korea on January 6, 2016. What is not the main description on the resolution?
   

① Sanction against North Korea’s selling minerals by their category.

② Prohibition of dealing all the goods that may be used to produce weapons of mass destruction or conventional weapons.

③ Financial sanction and blockade of transportation

④ Prohibition of humanitarian aid

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 The latest UN Resolution is of high-intensity to block the inflow of foreign currencies and goods into North Korea, which can be used to develop nuclear weapons and missiles. The measures contained in the existing resolutions for the sanctions against North Korea have been strengthened in a wide range including the weapon transaction, designating the targets to be sanctioned, the control of air and sea transportation, control on the export of weapons of mass destruction, financial transactions and many new sanctions were added.

【Unification】 4. Case Study of the Unification of the Divided Countries

1. 
   Vietnam under long ruling by France was divided into South and North Vietnam along the latitude 17° according to the 1954 Geneva Agreement.
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 After the World War II, Vietnam was again involved in the war with France. Afterwards, at the Geneva Talks, the two countries decided that the temporary military demarcation line would be set along the latitude 17° and the armed forces of both sides would be pulled back and the general election would be held within two years for unification of the country.

2. 
   Germany obtained consent on the unification from the U.S.A., the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and France through the “2+4 Talks” in 1990. Foreign ministers of the four victorious countries and East and West Germany agreed upon the “Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany” and by such all the international obstacles against unifying East and West Germany were removed completely.
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 The “2+4 Talks” held in September 1990 were to discuss the international position of Germany after unification by and among East and West Germany, the U.S.A., the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and France. The talks came to an agreement to execute the “Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany” and all the international problems against unifying East and West Germany were removed completely.

3. 
   Vietnam which was unified by way of war suffered from the difficulties of social consolidation after unification and faced the limit of economic development due to its communist system. Vietnam had to promote a new reformation policy to change. Write the terminology explained by the following.
   

This Vietnam word means “Renew” or “Reform” and it indicates economy first, open door and reformation in the late 1980s for Vietnam. The policy is to graft open door policy and capitalism of market economy, while maintaining the basic framework of communism. Since the policy was introduced, inflow of foreign capital into the country increased rapidly and greatly and Vietnam achieved a high growth rate of 7.6% per annum in average.

[answer] Doimoi

4. 
   Unification of Germany provides us with some implications for our systematic preparation for national unification. Fill in the blanks below with a proper word.
   

Unification of Germany reminded us of the importance of not only the unified system or territory but also social consolidation. At the time of unification, the national consciousness of “We are one Germany” was predominant among the people. However, prejudice and awareness of difference between the residents living in West and East Germany and their conflict were deepened as the unification progressed. The title (a) meaning “Lazy guys in the East” that depreciates the East German and (b) meaning “Arrogant guys in the West” that depreciates the West German were popular among the people.

[answer] (a) Ossi, (b) Wessi
【Explanation】 The expression of Ossi or Wessi tells the social aspects of Germany divided after the unification. But now 27 years after the unification, we hardly hear such words among the Germans.

5. 
   Many Vietnamese escaped from Vietnam after unification. Write the word indicating the refugees escaping from their country by boat for a political or economic reason like the Vietnamese refugees.
   

In 1975 when Vietnam was unified by war, a socialistic system was introduced abruptly to South Vietnam and the production means started to be nationalized and collectivized and economic activities were placed under control. Also movement of the people or their religious activities were controlled and ideology education to reinforce socialism was strengthened. The so called “Special Class” such as the politicians, soldiers, government officials and school teachers were put into a concentration camp for re-education. As many as 900,000 refugees escaped from Vietnam while Vietnam was in the course of socialization.

[answer] Boat People

【Explanation】 The “Boat People” means the refugees escaping from their country through a sea route for a political or economic reason. Massive boat people were found for the first time in 1970s in Vietnam. After the Vietnam war, lots of refugees tried to escape by boat. Another war between Cambodia and Vietnam and the economic problem made about 1 million Vietnamese boat people by the 1980s.

6. 
   Write the name of the area explained below.
   

• Capital city of Saxony Kingdom in the Middle Age • More than 60,000 people were killed by the bombardment of the American and British air force in 1945. • The church destroyed by the air strike was re-constructed by America and Britain after Germany was unified. • Venue where the plan for peaceful unification of Korean Peninsula and the principle of inter-Korean policy was announced in Mar. 2014.

[answer] Dresden

【Explanation】 Dresden, capital city of Saxony Kingdom in the Middle Ages was bombarded with 50,000 firebombs by America and Britain during the World War II. More than 60,000 people were killed by the bombardment and the church where Bach played the organ was completely destroyed. After the unification of Germany, America and Britain restored the church.

7. 
   West and East Germany provided a political and legal framework in 1990 for the unification of Germany at the “2+4 Negotiation” for which the four victorious countries (America, Britain, France and USSR) of the war participated. Now which country gave full support to unifying Germany among the four?
   

① the U.S.A. ② the U.K. ③ France ④ the U.S.S.R.

[answer] ①

【Explanation】 Unification of Germany was objected by the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and France at first but it was made available under the full support of America. In this respect, Korea and US alliance is a valuable asset of ours in the course of achieving unification of Korean Peninsula.

8. 
   Which one below is not the right indication given by the cases of divided countries being united?
   

① Unification by force and war is a shortcut to building a national community.

② Unification by a way of sharing the power among the few classes with power should be avoided.

③ Unification of Korean Peninsula is not only an internal issue of Korean people but also has international interest.

④ Right awareness of unification of the people and a practical preparation for unification are required to prepare for the unification.

[answer] ①

【Explanation】 Unification by force and war devastates the country and causes enormous damage to the people and their property. Furthermore hostility and sense of difference among the people by war will become greater and therefore the unification should be achieved by a peaceful way in order to build a national community.

9. 
   Which below is the most suitable lesson emphasized by the following phrase about the unification of a divided country?
   

Germany emphasized that the unified Germany would promote the peace and prosperity of whole Europe rather than be a threat to the security of its surrounding countries. Under the close cooperation with America which was most positive in the unification, Germany got concession of the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and France which were passive in it to be able to achieve the unification of the country.

① Unification should be achieved peacefully.

② Unification should be promoted transparently based on a national consensus.

③ Correct awareness of unification among the people and preparation for unification in a practical term should be provided.

④ Cooperation with the surrounding countries should be strengthened to establish a friendly environment for unifying the two Koreas.

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 The lessons described in ①, ② and ③ above are available from the case of the unification of Germany, Vietnam and Yemen.

10. 
    Which below is the correct explanation on the unification of Yemen?
    

① The unification was made through the arbitration of the allied nations.

② South Yemen absorbed North Yemen to unify the country.

③ It is a typical case of unification by force unilaterally.

④ After the unification by agreement, Yemen was re-unified by force.

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 Yemen was unified by agreement in May 1990 but the confrontation between the South and North became worse than before. The two sides caused an armed clash and North Yemen won and the country re-unified.

11. 
    Who is the right person to fill in (a) below ?
    

A free general election was carried out in 1990 in East Germany. The head of the then coalition government, (a) elected by the election proceeded with a prompt and intensive negotiation with West Germany to execute the Unification Treaty.

① Helmut Kohl ② Egon Krenz ③ Billy Brandt ④ Lothar de Maiziere

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 A free general election of 1990 in East Germany elected Lothar de Maiziere as the head of a coalition government of East Germany.

12. 
    Which below is an incorrect explanation on the Ostpolitik promoted by the Social Democratic Party of West Germany in 1969?
    

① It was a diplomatic policy of Billy Brandt to normalize the relationships with the Eastern Communist countries.

② The “Hallstein Principle” that did not allow a diplomatic tie with the countries which recognized East Germany was abolished.

③ The Ostpolitik was the decisive influence on the unification of Vietnam.

④ Unification of Germany progressed rapidly by the unification treaty made available on Aug. 31, 1990 thanks to the Ostpolitik and became one unified country officially on October 3, 1990.