Questions of 2017 Unification Quiz Program for High School Students

[answer] ①

【Explanation】 The non-returned POWs were handed over to the area under the control of India.

【History】 11. Economic Growth and Development of Democracy

1. 
   South Korean economy grew greatly thanks to the boom by three lows during 1980s.
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 South Korean economy grew remarkably during mid-1980s due to the world economic booming by low oil price, low dollar and low interest rate.

2. 
   South Korea promoted the heavy chemical industries in 1960s and labor intensive light industries in 1970s.
   Mark ○ if correct and × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 In 1960s South Korea promoted the labor intensive light industries such as clothing, shoes and plywood and from 1970s it started to develop heavy chemical industries.

3. 
   The first Constitutional National Assembly of South Korea enacted the constitution of the Republic of Korea and elected Rhee Syngman and Lee Shi-young as the President and Vice-President.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

4. 
   Jo Bong-am, leader of the Progressive Party was sentenced to death on the charge of engaging in espionage with North Korea and asserting the way of unifying Korea as North Korea insisted.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 Jo Bong-am was sentenced to death due to the Progressive Party incident occurred in 1958.

5. 
   “June 3 Demonstration” took place in 1964, protesting against the Korea Japan Agreement executed by Park Chung-hee’s administration.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 “June 3 Demonstration” took place, criticizing the Korea Japan Talks in Jun. 1964 as a humiliating diplomacy. Park Chung-hee’s government invoked the garrison decree to suppress the demonstration by military forces.

6. 
   The first economic development plan of South Korea was established by Park Chung-hee’s administration.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 Rhee Syngman’s administration decided “Three Years Economic Development Plan” in 1960 as the first half of “Seven Years Economic Development Plan” and it was connected to the “Five Years Economic Development Plan” of Jang Myun and Park Chung-hee’s administrations.

7. 
   Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with America was executed by Kim Dae-jung’s administration.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 The FTA with America was executed by Roh Moo-hyun’s administration and it was amended and ratified while Lee Myung-bak was President.

8. 
   America promised in 1966 to modernize the army of Republic of Korea and provide technical aid in return for Korea’s dispatching more Korean troops to Vietnam War. It is called the Acheson Declaration.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 It is not the Acheson Declaration but the Brown Memorandum. Washington D.C. promised Seoul, in the Brown Memorandum, to modernize Korean army and provide technical aid to develop Korean economy in return for dispatching Korean troops to Vietnam War.

9. 
   Kim Dae-jung administration redeemed all the IMF loans early to get out of the IMF control.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 Kim Young-sam administration facing foreign currency crisis executed a memorandum with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on December 3, 1997 to get funds from IMF. Immediately after it, the 15^th Presidential Election of Republic of Korea was held on December 18, 1997 and the then ruling party was defeated and the regime changed. In February 1998 Kim Dae-jung took the presidential office and the relief fund of US$19.5 billion from IMF was redeemed early than expected as of Aug. 23, 2001 to get out of the IMF control system.

10. 
    After April 19 Revolution, Huh Jung’s interim government amended the constitution adopting a bicameral legislature and the parliamentary cabinet system.
    Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
    

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 During the interim government period, South Korea adopted the parliamentary cabinet system, which has been the only case in the Korean history.

11. 
    “Special Act on the May 18 Democratization Movement” was enacted in a bid to set the history straight by Roh Moo-hyun’s administration.
    

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 It was enacted by Kim Young-sam administration. In accordance with the strong request of the people to reform the politics, Kim Young-sam administration proceeded with the “Setting the History Straight.” As the “Special Act on the May 18 Democratization Movement” passed at the National Assembly in December 1995, former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo were arrested and put in prison along with other persons related to December 12 Incident and the said Movement.

12. 
    This declaration was announced by Roh Tae-woo, Representative of Democratic Justice Party, the then ruling party, in Jun. 1987. What is the title of the declaration which contained acceptance of amending the constitution for a direct presidential election system and guaranteeing the fundamental rights of the people?
    

[answer] June 29 Democratization Declaration

【Explanation】 As a result of June Struggle to Gain Democracy in 1987, the Presidential candidate of the Democratic Justice Party, the then ruling party, announced June 29 Democratization Declaration of which gist was to adopt a direct presidential election system.

13. 
    What was the incident that served as a momentum of announcing the following statement?
    

◦ The demonstrations occurred in Masan, Seoul and other areas across the country was the expression of the sense of justice by the innocent students who rose up on behalf of the pent-up anger of the people who were robbed of their sovereignty and another, the expression of the national spirit of resisting against unjustice at all times. ◦ March 15 election was fraudulent. Hold a reelection of the President and Vice President by fair election!

[answer] April 19 Revolution

【Explanation】 The phrases quoted above was part of the statement announced by the professors group in Seoul on Apr. 25, 1960. The statement became a direct momentum to let President Rhee resign.

14. 
    What is the administration described below?
    

This administration claimed to support the “Economy First Policy” and established the Five Years Economic Development Plan to rebuild the economy of the state. It dispatched its high ranking officials to America to raise the fund for it but it was suspended by May 16 Military Coup.

① Rhee Syngman administration ② Jang Myun administration ③ Park Chung-hee administration ④ Chun Doo-hwan administration

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 Jang Myun administration established after April 19 Revolution amended the Three Years Economic Development Plan of Rhee Syngman administration to set up Five Years Economic Development Plan and tried to implement it.

15. 
    Which one below is the right result of executing the Korea Japan Agreement in 1965?
    

① It made it clear that Dokdo Island belongs to the Republic of Korea.

② It secured the fund required for the economy development of South Korea.

③ It got the apology of Japan for the forced recruitment of Koreans during the Japanese occupation period.

④ It solved the issues of investigating the truth about the comfort women of the Japanese soldiers and compensation for them.

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 Park Chung-hee administration got the fund from Japan under the Korea’s property claim against Japan through Korea Japan Agreement in 1965 and it was used for developing Korean economy.

16. 
    Which one below correctly describes the key point of the constitution that was passed as follows?
    

The voting result out of 203 registered members for the constitutional amendment submitted to the National Assembly was as follows: Agree 135; Disagree 60; and Abstain 7. Thus, the bill was rejected by one vote lacking the quorum. But a couple of days later, Freedom Party, the then ruling party, declared the bill was passed claiming the rounding off theory.

① Bicameral system national assembly

② Parliamentary cabinet system

③ Abolishing the limitation of consecutive service of the first president

④ Electing the president through the National Council for Unification

[answer] ③

【Explanation】 Rhee Syngman re-elected as a president submitted the constitutional amendment bill to the National Assembly, which abolished the limitation of consecutive service for the first president of Korea by amending the first constitution. The voting result was one vote lacking the quorum but the Freedom Party declared the bill was passed claiming the theory of round off. It is called the “Round off constitutional amendment.” Rhee could be elected as the president again as the third president of Korea in 1956.

17. 
    Which one is the right name of the incident described below?
    

In January 1987, Park Jong-chul, a Seoul National University student was killed by torture of the police and the government announced a statement that it opposed amending the then constitution. The students and citizens demonstrated fiercely across the country, chanting a slogan of abolishing the constitution protection and gaining a democratic constitution

① April 19 Revolution ② Busan, Masan Resistance ③ June Struggle to Gain Democracy ④ May 18 Democratization Movement

[answer] ③

【Explanation】 The key requirement of the students and citizens at the June Struggle to Gain Democracy was the direct presidential election.

18. 
    What is the name of the democratization movement opposing the Revitalizing Reform or Yushin of Park Chung-hee’s administration?
    

① April 19 Revolution

② June Struggle to Gain Democracy

③ Yeosu, Soonchun October 19 Incident

④ Signature-collecting campaign of 1 million people for the petition for amending the constitution

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 Jang Jun-ha, Ham Suk-hun and their colleagues promoted the Signature-collecting campaign of 1 million people for the petition for amending the constitution from 1973, protesting the Yushin system.

19. 
    Which one below is not the right description on Roh Moo-hyun administration?
    

① It joined the International Labor Organization (ILO).

② It executed Korea-US Free Trade Agreement.

③ It installed the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

④ Its main state affairs were political reform of participation and integration,

decentralization of power and balanced national development.

[answer] ①

【Explanation】 South Korea joined ILO during Roh Tae-woo administration.

20. 
    South Korea requested IMF of a relief loan officially in 1997. Which one below is not the right description on causing such serious economic situation?
    

① Excessive national debt

② Careless financial policy

③ Withdrawal of investment funds by foreign capital

④ Sharp rise of the international oil price due to oil shock

[answer] ④

21. 
    Which one below is the right fact occurred between the period of (a) and (b)?
    

(a) President Park Chung-hee was assassinated on October 26. (b) May 18 Democratization Movement took place in Gwangju.

① March 1 Declaration for Saving Democratic Country took place.

② The dead body of Kim Ju-yul, a high school student was found at the coastal waters of Masan.

③ April 13 Measures to Protect the Constitution maintaining the indirect presidential

election was announced.

④ A large scale demonstration demanding “Step down new military authorities” and

“Abolish Yushin Constitution” took place.

[answer] ④

【Explanation】 Park Chung-hee government was finished by October 26 Incident and the new military authorities tried to grasp the powers with December 12 Incident. So the citizens had a large scale demonstration for democratization at the Seoul Railroad Station, demanding “Release the Emergency Martial Law,” “Step Down the New Military Authorities” and “Abolish the Yushin Constitution.” It is called the “Spring of Seoul.”

22. 
    Which one below is not the right description of the economic situation by period after the liberation?
    

① The Three White Industries were developed, processing the American aid goods in 1950s.

② Foreign dependence of Korean economy was greatly relieved by the economic development plan in 1960s.

③ Heavy chemical industries were fostered intensely in 1970s.

④ Korean economy was booming thanks to three lows phenomenon of low interest rate, low oil price and low dollar in 1980s.

[answer] ②

【Explanation】 As the export oriented industries were fostered in 1960s, foreign dependence of Korean economy increased.

【History】 12. Global Republic of Korea

1. 
   During Shinmiyangyo, or the invasion of Korea by the three US warships in 1871, the French navy plundered the royal books at “Oegyujanggak.”
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 During the Byuninyangyo in 1866, the French navy invaded Ganghwado Island in the West Sea to plunder the royal books stored at the Oegyujanggak in the island.

2. 
   China promoted the North East Project based on the theory of unified multi tribe nation for five years from 2002.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 The North East Project of China is to systemize its theory that Gochosun, Buyeo, Goguryo and Balhae, which Korea believes them as part of the old Korea, are the history of China.

3. 
   Write ○ if it is correct or × if not. Royal ancestral ritual in the Jongmyo shrine and its music played during the ritual are registered at the World Intangible Cultural Asset of UNESCO along with the Pansori epic chant, Gangreung Dano Festival.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 Nominating the intangible cultural assets is to protect the valuable, creative and intangible oral tradition and inheritance which are at a critical situation of extinction. The royal ancestral ritual in the Jongmyo shrine and its music played during the ritual, Pansori epic chant, Gangreung Dano Festival, Gimjang culture and the Farmers Dance are registered in the UNESCO.

4. 
   South Korea is a member of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and International Labor Organization (ILO).
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

5. 
   As of 2016, South Korea executed the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Brazil.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 South Kore has yet to enter into FTA with Brazil.

6. 
   In 2001, the Women’s International War Crimes Tribunal on the comfort women issue, sentenced Japanese Emperor and other defendants guilty.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 The said tribunal started in Tokyo in 2000 and its final decision made in Hague admitted the responsibility of the Japanese Emperor in 2001. However, its decision has no legal binding power because it was a private tribunal.

7. 
   In 1920, Patriot Kang Eui-kyu of the Justice and Nobility Squad tried to kill Saito Makoto, the third Japanese governor to Korea with a bomb but failed. Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 Kang Eui-kyu was not a member of the Justice and Nobility Squad but the Senior Squad organized in Vladivostok, Russia.

8. 
   South Korea established the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF) in 1987 to start providing overseas aid.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 The EDCF was established in 1987 and South Korea has been increasing the amount of aid gradually.

9. 
   In 1995, Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi announced his statement, apologizing the colonial governing during the Pacific War.
   Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
   

[answer] ×

【Explanation】 Koizumi was Japanese prime minister from 2001 until 2006. The Japanese prime minister who apologized in 1995 was Murayama.

10. 
    In 1952, President of Korea announced the “Presidential Proclamation of Sovereignty over Adjacent Seas,” so called the “Peace Line” and it made clear that Dokdo Island is part of the Korean territory.
    Mark ○ if it is correct or × if not.
    

[answer] ○

【Explanation】 When President Rhee announced so called the Peace Line in 1952 and declared Dokdo Island belongs to Korea, Japanese government sent a letter of complaint to Korea.

11. 
    It is an expression in China, saying “The systematic subject to study the history and phenomenon of the North East border” in short. What is the name of the work to incorporate Buyeo, Goguryo and Balhae into a part of Chinese history?
    

[answer] North East Project

【Explanation】 The North East Project was a large project of the Chinese Research Center for Studying the Historical Sites at the Borders which was established by China Society and Science Academy, the key Think Tank of Chinese government together with three provinces of China in the north east. We may also call it as “The systematic research project about the history and reality of the North East Border Area.” The North East Project is an academic research promoted to strengthen the solidarity of unification of socialist China by stabilizing the border areas of China with multi tribes and hold the different tribes together. Also it is a political project related to the territory, border and sovereignty of a state and a research program to study the North East region of China but nation wide areas are subject to the study as well. It affects not only the internal affairs of China but also the international relationships.

12. 
    Japanese politicians’ visit to the Japanese shrines is criticized by the surrounding countries. What is the name of the shrine where the ancestral tablets of Grade A war criminals of World War II and those of the Koreans who were mobilized by force to the war are preserved?
    

[answer] Yaskuni Shrine

【Explanation】 The Yaskuni Shrine of Japan has been preserving the ancestral tablets of World War II criminals including Dojo Hideki and the Koreans who were mobilized by force to the war. South Korea has been asking the Yaskuni Shrine to separate the Koreans in the shrine but the shrine refuses it.

13. 
    What is the cultural asset described below?
    

It is the world largest historic recording with the number of characters’ being as many as 242,500,000, which recorded the real history of the then politics, economy, national defense, society and culture. It was nominated by UNESCO as the world record heritage in September 2001. It was designated as National Treasure No. 303 of Korea and its historical value is acknowledged as the world biggest primary historical materials.

[answer] Seungjeongwon Ilgi, the Diaries of the Royal Secretariat

【Explanation】 The diaries recorded the matters occurred at the Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty. The Secretariat was a royal accounting office established by King Jungjong. The diaries were used as a fundamental data when publishing the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty. They are precious valuable materials and only one original copy is left.

14. 
    In 1999 Korean government enacted a law to define the entry and exit of the overseas Koreans to and from the Republic of Korea and guarantee their legal status inside the country. What is the title of the law?