Republic of uzbekistanministry of higher and secondary special educationtashkent financial institute

REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTANMINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATIONTASHKENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTE

REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTANMINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATIONTASHKENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTE

ANDIJAN FACULTY

Direction " finance and financial technologies”

Stage I SMMT-70-22-Group student A.Ne’matjonov

Independent work prepared by the subject “English language“

Presentation

Done: A.Ne’matjanov

Checked: X.Maksudova

Finance

PLAN:

• Finance.
• Public finance .
• Personal finance .
• The financial system .

Finance

Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is

related to, but not synonymous with economics, which is the study of

production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and

services (the discipline of financial economics bridges the two). Finance

activities take place in financial systems at various scopes, thus the field can

be roughly divided into personal, corporate, and public finance. In a financial

system, assets are bought, sold, or traded as financial instruments, such as

currencies, loans, bonds, shares, stocks, options, futures, etc. Assets can also

be banked, invested, and insured to maximize value and minimize loss. In

practice, risks are always present in any financial action and entities.

Public finance

President George W. Bush, speaking on the Federal Budget in 2007, here requesting additional funds from Congress

2020 US Federal Revenues and Outlays

Main article: Public finance

Public finance describes finance as related to sovereign states, sub-national

entities, and related public entities or agencies. It generally encompasses a

long-term strategic perspective regarding investment decisions that affect

public entities. These long-term strategic periods typically encompass five or

more years.

Personal finance

Wealth management consultation – here the financial advisor counsels the client on an appropriate investment strategy

Main article: Personal finance

Further information: Financial planner

Personal finance is defined as "the mindful planning of monetary spending

and saving, while also considering the possibility of future risk".Personal

finance may involve paying for education, financing durable goods such as

real estate and cars, buying insurance, investing, and saving for retirement. Personal finance may also involve paying for a loan or other debt obligations.

The main areas of personal finance are considered to be income, spending,

saving, investing, and protection.

Corporate finance

Founded in 1602, the Dutch East India Company (VOC), started off as a spice trader, "going public" in the same year, with the world's first IPO.

Main articles: Corporate finance and Financial management

Further information: Strategic financial management

Corporate finance deals with the actions that managers take to increase the

value of the firm to the shareholders, the sources of funding and the capital

structure of corporations, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial

resources. While corporate finance is in principle different from managerial

finance, which studies the financial management of all firms rather than

corporations alone, the concepts are applicable to the financial problems of

all firms,[14] and this area is then often referred to as "business finance".

The financial system

As above, the financial system consists of the flows of capital that take place

between individuals and households (personal finance), governments (public

finance), and businesses (corporate finance). "Finance" thus studies the

process of channeling money from savers and investors to entities that need it.

[b] Savers and investors have money available which could earn interest or

dividends if put to productive use. Individuals, companies and governments

must obtain money from some external source, such as loans or credit, when

they lack sufficient funds to operate.In general, an entity whose income

exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess, intending to earn a fair

return.