Smart ideas wise decisions
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- SocioBrains
- One-nation / unitary / countries
- Plurinational State
ISSN 2367-5721 SocioBrains INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC REFEREED INDEXED ONLINE JOURNAL WITH IMPACT FACTOR WWW. S OCIO B RAINS.COM PUBLISHER: “SMART IDEAS – WISE DECISIONS” Ltd., BULGARIA ISSUE 22, JUNE 2016
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to exclude others from this determination. In other words, the definition of nation is closely linked not only with the characteristics ascribed to the community by its members, but also with perceptions of others who are excluded from the "nation." In determining the "nation" through exclusivity, general psychological, historical, religious, linguistic and genealogical attributes play an important role. But most important of them is the language community, although not in all cases linguistic integrity is the main determinant in the perception of identity and nationality. For many communities it is not uncommon to express nationalistic feelings and ideas in a language other than inherent in the community. The most important duty of language is to create solidarity of the imagined community, allowing for defined "nation".Therefore although the language unites generation of nationality is not necessarily to be a "national". In many colonial countries natural means of communication used by nationalists, mostly the language of the colonizers, and with it a feeling of nationality. It is assumed that nations are products of countries like political-territorial communities, affecting all its citizens through its legislation and government policy. The nation consists of one or many nations, nationalities and ethnic groups. They are united by a politico-legal organization of public life, which they consider fair. In Bulgaria it is customary to speak for the nation as a people. The concept of nation can be presented by different researchers the problem differently. Below are listed some of these different views of nations: SETON-WATSON notes that there is a nation where a significant number of people in the community accept that formed the nation, or behave as if they have done so. For it is not enough all individuals and a certain percentage of them support this vision, as though this percentage holding of national consciousness must be sufficiently high; According to ERNEST GELLNER says that a person belongs to a nation only when all other members recognize it as such; ANTHONY GIDDENS uses the term "nation" as a community differentiation holding political power. Such an approach is too close to the definition of nationalism as an ideological view of the state from society. He regarded the nation as a collective existence within a clearly defined territory, the subject of an administration seen as the internal state apparatus and those of other countries. For these reasons manifestation of "the nation" by specific language, the belief that society is naturally cohesive around and under a unique management and common history that gives the individual distinct identity, a process closely linked to the development of the modern state under the influence of economic changes incurred in the development of capitalism; ERIC HOBSBAWM postulate that nationalism requires too much faith in things that are obviously not true. Nationalism preceded nations. Nations do not create states and nationalisms, it just obratnoto.Spored him, the nation is the corresponding territorial state form of community guarantor of civic loyalty after dropping the traditional foundations of this loyalty. When the formation of the nation precedes that of the territorial state, the nation think as a civil community, whose political expression is the state (Enlightenment model of a nation historically earlier, England, France). When the opposite - the nation be thought of as ethno- cultural community (romantic model nation, Germany, Italy, Bulgaria). The two models are merged in the practice of the nation state. A different perspective on nations give DARON ADZHEMOGLU and JAMES A. ROBINSON in his scientific work 'Why nations fail? ". They see nations through the lens of poverty. According to them, the huge disparities in income and living standards that separate ISSN 2367-5721 SocioBrains INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC REFEREED INDEXED ONLINE JOURNAL WITH IMPACT FACTOR WWW. S OCIO B RAINS.COM PUBLISHER: “SMART IDEAS – WISE DECISIONS” Ltd., BULGARIA ISSUE 22, JUNE 2016
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rich nations such as the US, UK and Germany, the poor, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa, Central America and South Asia. The reason for discontent in these nation-states is poverty. The average Egyptian has income amounting to about 12% of that of the average citizen of the United States and life expectancy 10 years less than that of American; 20% of the Egyptian population lives in extreme poverty. While these differences are significant, in fact they are quite small compared to the differences between the US and the poorest countries in the world such as North Korea, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe, where more than half of the population mired in poverty.
In view of the relation: COUNTRY - NATION can define two types of countries: one- nation / unitary - Uniform / and multinational. 1.
One-nation / unitary / countries - Its sovereignty is indivisible, ie the right to exercise supreme authority over its territory is indivisible. In almost every unitary state, this law is in the hands of one ethnic community (nation) imposed a confluence of historical circumstances, its actual domination over the territory of darzhavata.Takiva unitary states are France, Greece, Italy. One-nation is the Republic of Bulgaria. 2.
Plurinational State - This is a sovereign state that is seen as consisting of two or more countries. This contrasts with the national state in which dominates a nation and it represents the majority of the population. Multinational states are the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation, India, South Africa, Bolivia, Canada and others. Further indicating some concrete examples of multinational states which are formed by numerous ethnic groups: PRC - formed by 56 ethnic groups, predominantly from them, "Han" - 91% of the population (as of 2010); Vietnam - formed by 53 ethnic groups, predominantly from Cmax "Viet" / or "Kin" / - 86.2% of the population (as of 1999); Thailand - formed by 38 ethnic groups, with predominant among them that of "Thai" - 74% of the population (as of 2012) and others.
As first pointed out the one-nation BULGARIA E / unitary state. In Article 2 of the Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria from 1991 stipulates that: Bulgaria is a unitary state; it does not autonomous territorial formations; territorial integrity of the Republic of Bulgaria is inviolable; the official language of the Republic. According to the latest Census of 2010, the composition of the single Bulgarian nation has the following ethno-cultural composition:
Bulgarian ethnic group comprises 5,664,624, or 84.8% of persons voluntarily declare their ethnic self-determination.
the population voluntarily declare their ethnic self-determination.
Roma ethnic group traditionally is the third number and amounts to 325,343 people, according to self-determination of persons with a share of 4.9%.
proportion of the youngest to 19 years, 51.7% of those who do not identify themselves. Nationalism Along with the theories of the nation develops the concept of nationalism. Nationalism is associated with the conscious personality to national values, ideals and aspirations historical and defend the national identity and sovereignty. ANTHONY GIDDENS defines it as a phenomenon that is mostly psychological - the devotion of Yüklə 0,85 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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