Syllabus for credit based curriculum 2010 – 2011 onwards

CL 663 PROCESS DYNAMICS

Basic equation - Integral and instantaneous balances - Material and Energy balances - General form of dynamic models. - Linearization of nonlinear systems in state space form - Response of lead-lag modules -Self-regulating system –transfer function analysis of higher order systems.

A second order system- Pole-Zero cancellation- System in series – Blocks in parallel- linear boundary value problems- Parameter estimation of discrete linear systems.
Phase-plane analysis- generalization of phase-plane behavior-nonlinear systems-Introduction to nonlinear dynamics-bifurcation behaviour of systems
Stirred tank heaters-Absorption-isothermal continuous stirred tank chemical reactors Biochemical reactors-adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor-ideal binary distillation columns.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   B.W. Bequette, “ Process Dynamics – Modeling, Analysis and Simulation”, PHIPE, New Delhi
   
2. 
   G. Stephanopoulos, “Chemical process control: An Introduction to Theory and practice”, Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1995.
   

REFERENCE:

1. F.G.Shinsky, “Process Control Systems: Application, Design and Adjustment”, 3^rd Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, 1988.

CL 665 INSTRUMENTATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Electromagnetic radiation, Characteristics - Interaction of e.m. radiation with matter - Spectral methods of analysis - absorption spectroscopy - Beer’s law - radiation sources - monochromators and filters - diffraction grating - ultraviolet spectrometer - single beam and double beam instruments.

Particles emitted in radioactive decay - nuclear radiation detectors - injection chamber - Geiger - Muller counter - proportional counter - scintillation counter - Semiconductor detectors.
Measurement techniques for water quality parameters - conductivity - temperature - turbidity. Measurement techniques for chemical pollutants - chloride - sulphides - nitrates and nitrites - phosphates - fluoride - phenolic compounds.
Measurement techniques for particulate matter in air. Measurement of oxides of sulphur, oxides of nitrogen unburnt hydrocarbons, carbon-monoxide, dust mist and fog.
Noise pollution – measurement of sound, tollarable levels of sound. Measurement of sound level. Measurement techniques for soil pollution.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   H.H. Willard, Merrit and Dean, “Instrumental Methods of Analysis”, 5^th Edn., 1974.
   
2. 
   R.K. Jain, “Fundamentals of Mechanical and Industrial Instrumentation”, 1985.
   

REFERENCES:

1. 
   S.P. Mahajan, “Pollution Control in Process Industries”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1985.
   

2. G. N. Pandey and G.C. Carney, “Environmental Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1989.

CL 658 DISTILLATION CONTROL
Introduction to distillation operations - Binary separation concepts - McCabe - Thiele diagram - other parameters in binary distillation - Introduction to multicomponent separation - Minimum reflux - Number of plates calculations.
Classification of control schemes for distillation - Control of X_D and X_B upsets in F and X_F - Control of X_D and X_B for upsets in F and X_F - Choice of temperature measurement to infer composition.
Process identification - frequency response - Controller tuning. Dead time compensation - Smith and analytical predictors. Feed forward, cascade and Parallel Cascade control for distillation columns.
Dynamic modelling and simulation. Pairing and Interaction in distillation - Proper pairing in single and dual composition control- Relative Gain Analysis - Decoupling for non-interacting control.
Inferential Control Schemes for distillation. Model Algorithmic Control - DMC control strategy - comparison of MAC with classical feedback design. Adaptive control.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   P.B. Deshpande, “Distillation Dynamics and Control”, ISA, 1985
   
2. 
   W.L. MaCabe, J.C.Smith and P. Harriott, “Operations of Chemical Engineering”, Fifth Edn., McGraw Hill, 1993.
   

REFERENCES:

1. 
   F.G. Shinskey, “Distillation Control”, McGraw Hill, 1977.
   
2. 
   P.S. Buckley, W.L.Luyben, P.S. Shunta and, “Design of Distillation Column Control Systems”, ISA, 1985.
   

CL 660 BIOPROCESS INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL

Physical and chemical sensors; Biosensors; On-line sensors for cell properties; off-line Analytical methods.

Agitation and capacity coefficient in fermenters; Control of pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, temperature of fermenters; Rheological measurement and control application of microcomputers in the study of microbial process.
Elements of Digital computers; Computer Interfaces and peripheral devices; Fermentation software systems
Data smoothing and interpolation; State and parameter estimation; Direct regulatory control; cascade control of metabolism.
Programmed batch bio-reaction; Design and operation strategies for batch plants; Continuous process control.
Text Books:

1. 
   Bailey J.E. and Ollis,D.F. “ Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals” 2^nd Edition, (1986), McGraw Hill Book CO.,Singapore.
   
2. 
   T.K.Ghose (Ed.) “Process Computations in Biotechnology” (1994), Tata McGraw Hill Publ.Co.,N.Delhi.
   

3. A.Fischer (Ed.), “Advances in Biochemical Engineering,” Vol. 13, 1973, Springer Verlag, Germany
References:

1. 
   Aiba, Humphry and Millis, “Bio Chemical Engineering”, 2^nd Ed., (1973), Academic press
   
2. 
   McNeil and Harvey, “Fermentation - A Practical Approach” (1990). IRL Press, U.K.
   
3. 
   Scragg, “Bioreactors in Biotechnology - A Practical Approach” (1991), Ellis Horwood Ltd., U.K.
   

CL 662 FUZZY LOGIC, NEURAL NETWORKS AND CONTROL
Introduction to Neural Networks: Artificial Neural Networks: Basic properties of Neurons, Neuron Models, Feedforward networks – Perceptrons, widrow-Hoff LMS algorithm; Multilayer networks – Exact and approximate representation, Back propagation algorithm, variants of Back propagation, Unsupervised and Reinforcement learning; Symmetric Hopfield networks and Associative memory; Competitive learning and self organizing networks, Hybrid Learning; Computational complexity of ANNs.
Neural Networks Based Control: ANN based control: Introduction: Representation and identification, modeling the plant, control structures – supervised control, Model reference control, Internal model control, Predictive control: Examples – Inferential estimation of viscosity an chemical process, Auto – turning feedback control, industrial distillation tower.
Introduction to Fuzzy Logic: Fuzzy Controllers: Preliminaries – Fuzzy sets and Basic notions – Fuzzy relation calculations – Fuzzy members – Indices of Fuzziness – comparison of Fuzzy quantities – Methods of determination of membership functions.

Fuzzy Logic Based Control: Fuzzy Controllers: Preliminaries – Fuzzy sets in commercial products – basic construction of fuzzy controller – Analysis of static properties of fuzzy controller – Analysis of dynamic properties of fuzzy controller – simulation studies – case studies – fuzzy control for smart cars.

Neuro – Fuzzy and Fuzzy – Neural Controllers: Neuro – fuzzy systems: A unified approximate reasoning approach – Construction of role bases by self learning: System structure and learning algorithm – A hybrid neural network based Fuzzy controller with self learning teacher. Fuzzified CMAC and RBF network based self-learning controllers.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   Bose and Liang, Artificial Neural Networks, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1996.
   
2. 
   Kosco B, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: A Dynamic Approach to Machine Intelligence, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1992.
   

REFERENCES:

1. 
   Klir G.J and Folger T.A, Fuzzy sets, Uncertainty and Information, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi 1994.
   
2. 
   Simon Haykin, Neural Networks, ISA, Research Triangle Park, 1995.
   

CL 664 INTERNET FOR MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL
Introduction to Internet: Origin of Internet – Overview of TCP / IP layers – IP addressing – DNS – Packet switching – Routing – SMTP, POP, MIME, NNTP, ftp, Telnet, HTML, HTTP, URL, SNMP, RFCs, FYIs – STDs.
Physical Layer Aspects: Backbone network – Trunks, Routers, Bridges – Access network – MODEMs, WILL, ISDN, XDSL, VSAT.
Network Layer Aspects and Network Security: IPVG, Mobile IP – IPSEC – IPSO – Public key cryptography – digital signature standard – firewall – Secure socket Layer SSL – Secure Data Network System SDNS – Network layer security Protocol NLSP – Point to point Tunneling Protocol PPTP – SHTTP.
Measurements through Internet: Web based data acquisition – Monitoring of plant parameters through Internet – Calibration of measuring instruments through Internet.
Internet based Control: Virtual laboratory – Web based Control – Tuning of controllers through Internet.
REFERENCES:

1. 
   Douglas E. Camer, Internet working with TCP/IP, Vol. I, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, 1999.
   
2. 
   Richard Stevens, TCP/IP illustrated, Vol. I, Addison Wesley, 1999.
   
3. 
   Richard E. Smith, Internet Cryptography, Addison Wesley, 1999.
   
4. 
   Alessandri Ferrero and Vincenzo Piuri, A simulation Tool for Virtual Laboratory Experiments in WWW environment, IEEE Transactions on IM, Vol. 48, 1999.
   
5. 
   Kang B. Lee and Richard D. Schneeman, Internet-based Distributed Measurement and Control Application, IEEE magazine IM, June 1999.
   

CL 666 LOGIC AND DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS

Review of computers in process control: Data loggers, Data Acquisition Systems (DAS), Direct Digital Control (DDC). Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA), sampling considerations. Functional block diagram of computer control systems. alarms, interrupts. Characteristics of digital data, controller software, linearization. Digital controller modes: Error, proportional, derivative and composite controller modes.

Programmable logic controller (PLC) basics: Definition, overview of PLC systems, input/output modules, power supplies, isolators. General PLC programming procedures, programming on-off inputs/ outputs. Auxiliary commands and functions: PLC Basic Functions: Register basics, timer functions, counter functions.
PLC intermediate functions: Arithmetic functions, number comparison functions, Skip and MCR functions, data move systems. PLC Advanced intermediate functions: Utilizing digital bits, sequencer functions, matrix functions. PLC Advanced functions: Alternate programming languages, analog PLC operation, networking of PLC, PLC-PID functions, PLC installation, troubleshooting and maintenance, design of interlocks and alarms using PLC. Creating ladder diagrams from process control descriptions.
Interface and backplane bus standards for instrumentation systems. Field bus: Introduction, concept. HART protocol: Method of operation, structure, operating conditions and applications. Smart transmitters, examples, smart valves and smart actuators.
Distributed control systems (DCS): Definition, Local Control (LCU) architecture, LCU languages, LCU - Process interfacing issues, communication facilities, configuration of DCS, displays, redundancy concept - case studies in DCS.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   John. W.Webb Ronald A Reis , Programmable Logic Controllers - Principles and Applications, Third edition, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, 1995.
   
2. 
   Lukcas M.P Distributed Control Systems, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1986.
   

REFERENCES:

1. 
   Deshpande P.B and Ash R.H, Elements of Process Control Applications, ISA Press, New York, 1995.
   

2. Curtis D. Johnson, Process Control Instrumentation Technology, Fourth edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1999.

CL 667 COMPUTER NETWORKS
Computer communications architecture: Network topology; Switching: Circuit switching and packet switching; Datagrams and virtual circuits; ISO reference model for layered architecture; Functions of various layers.
Local area networks: Objectives and advantages of PC LANs; Topologies for LANs; Media for LANs; Medium access control techniques: CSMA, CSMA/CD, Token bus and token ring; Performance analysis for LANs.
Internetworking: Basic principles; Bridges and routers; Connection oriented and connectionless internetworking. Introduction to the protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite.
ISDN and B – ISDN; Frame relay and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). Data compression. Data security and authentication techniques.
Network management, Electrical mail, Network security, other internet applications. Test techniques for data networks: Basic tests; transmission impairment measurement tests; Time domain reflectometry (TDR). Line monitors and protocol analyzers.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. 
   Stalling W, Data and Computer Communications, Fifth edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1997.
   
2. 
   William Stallings, High-speed Networks-TCP/IP and ATM Design Principles, Prentice Hall International Edition, New Jersey, 1998.
   

REFERENCES:

1. 
   Ed Taylor, McGraw -Hill Internetworking Handbook, Second edition, McGraw Hill Company Inc., New York, 1998.
   
2. 
   Bertsekas D and Gallager. R, Data Networks, Second edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1992.
   

CL 668 MULTISENSOR DATA FUSION