Syllabus relating

S.Y. B. Pharm.

SEMESTER-IV

Title of the Course Organic Chemistry-IV

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr. No. Topic Hrs.

Organic Synthesis

1 Retro-synthetic analysis of simple organic molecules including aliphatic, aromatic,

heterocyclic

20

Macrocyclic Compounds

2 Polymer chemistry Introduction; properties, different types of polymers, structures,

properties and synthesis, Polysaccharides,

5

3 Peptides, structures, properties and synthesis protecting groups 3

4 Dendrimers, Cyclodextrins, 2

Books Recommended

Sr. No. Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher

1 Organic Synthesis-The

Disconnection Approach

Stuart Warren 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc

2 Adv.Org. Chemistry Carey 4th , 2000 Plenum Press NY

3 Adv.Org. Chemistry Jerry March 4th , 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Inc

4 The Logic of Chemical

Synthesis

E. J. Corey 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Title of the Course Pharmacology-I

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm

Semester IV

Sr.No Topic Hrs.

1 General Principle of pharmacology: Routes of administration with special reference

to their advantages and disadvantages. Drug ADME

5

2 Mechanism of drug action: Brief introduction of physiological receptors-structural

and functional families, cytoplasmic second messengers, drug receptor interaction,

dose response relationship, drug antagonism

6

38

3 Factors modifying the actions of drugs; Drug toxicity in humans-toxic effects of

drugs on different systems, organs and tissue. Drugs used in the disorders of gastrointestinal

tract: Emetics and antiemetics and prokinetic drugs. Purgatives and

antidiarrheals, antispasmodics, Drugs used in the treatment of hyperacidity and peptic

ulceration and anti-inflammatory bowel disease.

7

4 Miscellaneous: Histamines and antihistaminics, 5-HT and antagonists, kinins,

eicosanoids, cytokines, PAF, oxytocis, local anesthetics, antidiabetic agents,

antithyroid agents, oral contraceptive.

7

5 Druga affecting blood and blood forming organs: Drugs effective in various types of

anemias, anticoagulants, antithromobotics, throbolytics.

5

Books recommended: Will be recommended by teacher.

Title of the Course Biochemistry -II

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm

Semester IV

Sr.No Topic Hrs.

1 Biochemical Energetics: Concept of free energy, standard free energy vs transformed

free energy vs free energy for a reaction. Relationship of standard free energy to

reaction equilibrium constant, concepts of enthalpy and entropy, introduction to first

and second law of thermodynamics. Standard free energy changes of some important

biological rections. Concept of oxidation –reduction reactions, standard electrode

potential, transformed standard electrode potential, standard electrode potentials of

some biological important redox couples.

Concept of high energy phosphate bond and ATP as a carrier of energy. Concept of

oxidation states of carbon in different compounds. Introduction to the terms

metabolism, anabolism and catabolism.

7

2 Digestion of food and absorption of monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids

into circulation. Fate of absorbed nutrients and relationship with regard to immediate

use, storage, re-release and interconversion. Role of different organs in these

processes especially liver, kidney, muscle, adipose tissue, brain and rbcs.

5

3 Carbohydrate metabolism: Discussion of glycolysis, reversal of glycolysis, glycogen

synthesis and breakdown, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, glyoxalate shunt,

gluconegenesis, NADH/NAD+ shuttles, with respect to the location, intermediates,

enzymes, energy yield, and regulation. Examples of drugs relaed to carbohydrate

metabolism modulation.

7

4 Lipid metabolism: Discussion of the oxidation and biosynthesis of saturated and

unsaturated fats with respect to location, intermediates, enzymes, energy yields or

requirements, and regulation, formation of ketone bodies, acetate mevalonate

pathway, biosynthesis of cholesterol. Examples of drugs that are related to lipid

metabolism modulation.

5

39

5 Electron transport chain: Components of the ETC, oxidative phosphorylation vs

substrate level phosphorylation, comparison of this with photosynthesis and

photophosphorylation, absorption of light by chlorophyll and energy conservation.

Discussion or proton motive force and generation of ATP by use of proton gradients.

Examples of some toxins that interfere with ETC.

6

Books Recommended : Same as under Biochemistry -III

Title of the Course Pharmaceutical Analysis-II

Marks 50

Number of Hours per week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B.Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr.No Topic Hrs.

1. Introduction: Pharmacopoeial monograph, literature collection, data handling and

expression of analytical results – documentation and record keeping

6

2. a. Standardization of finished products and their characteristics;

b. Official methods of control – Pharmacopoeia and other compendia,

c. monographs and their criteria with reference to the drugs and pharmaceutical aids

8

3. Melting point, congealing point as per I.P 4

4. Discussions: On analysis of gases – oxygen, mercury, Nitrogen determination,

Halogen determination;

6

5. Principles and theory of aquametry. 4

Books Recommended : same as under Pharmaceutical Analysis-I

Title of the Course Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry-II

Marks 50

Number of Hours per week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B.Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr. No. Topic Hrs.

Chemotherapeutic agents:

Study of the following classes of drugs with respect to their classification, chemical nomenclature,

structure including stereochemistry, generic names, chemistry, physicochemical properties, SAR,

metabolism, molecular mechanism of action and synthesis and introduction to rational development,

if any.

1. Antibacterial agents –

a) Antibiotics: beta-lactam antibiotics including-penicillin, cephalosporins,

carbapenems, monobactams.

b) Tetracyclincs and glycylcyclins.

4

1

40

c) Marcolides and ketolides.

d) Aminoglcosides.

e) Miscellaneous including chloramphenicol, vancomycin, bacitracin etc.

f) Sulfonamides and DHFR inhibitors:

g) Quinolones

h) Oxazolidinediones and other miscellaneous agents.

1

1

1

2

1

1

2 Anitparasitic agentsa)

Antiamoebics, b) Antimalarials, c) Anthelmintics

d) Miscellaneous including drugs versus Trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis,

scabies, filaria etc

5

3 Antifungal agentsa)

Azoles,

b) Polyene antibiotics and Miscellaneous including Allyl amines, Tolnaftate,

griseofulvin etc.

1

1

4 Antimycobacterial agentsa)

Antitubercular agents

b) Antileprotic agents

Drugs versus MAC

1

1

5 Anticancer agents –

a) DNA alkylating agent

b) Nitrosoureas

Procarbazines, Triazines and misc.

Organoplatinum agents

c) Antibiotics

d) Antimetabolites including DNA polymerase inhibitors, Pyrimidine and

purine antagonists and misc. agents.

e) Mitosis inhibitors and other misc. anticancer agents.

1

1

1

1

1

6 Antiviral agents –

a) General aspects

b) Agents interfering with nucleic acid replication including those with

modification with bases sugars and phosphate.

c) Amantidine and its analogs, interferon and its inductors.

Nuraminidase inhibitors

d) Antiretroviral drugs including NRTI, NNRTI and protease inhibitors.

1

1

1

1

Books Recommended

Sr.No. Title Author/Editor Edition Publisher

1 Foye's Principles Of Medicinal

Chemistry

W. O. Foye

6th ,

2008

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

2 Textbook Of Medicinal And

Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Wilson And

Gisvold

11th ,

2004

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

–Philadelphia

3 Burger's Medicinal Chemistry

& Drug Discovery(Vol. 1- 6)

A. Burger

And M.E.

Wolff;

6th ,

2003

John Wiley & Sons-New Jersey

41

4 Remington’s

The Science And Practice Of

Pharmacy

21st ,

2006

Lipincott, William And Wilkins

5 Pharmaceutical Substances:

Synthesis, Patents,

Applications(N-Z)

Kleemann 4th ,

2001

Georg Thieme

Verlag-Stuttgart.

Thieme

6 Synthesis Of Drugs: A

Synthon Approach Vol-1

R. P. Iyer, M.

S. Degani

2nd ,

2008

Sevak Publications Pvt. Ltd.

7 The Organic Chemistry Of

Drug Synthesis Vol. 1-6

Daniel

Lednicer

1999

John Wiley & Sons INC

8 The Organic Chemistry Of

Drug Design And Drug

Action.

R. B.

Silverman

2nd,

2004

Elsevier Publication

Title of the Course Dispensing Pharmacy

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm

Semester IV

Sr.No. Topic Hrs

1. Definition of Dispensing & Prescription, Parts of prescription, types of prescription,

procedure, dispensing the prescription, refilled prescription, prescription pricing, and

recording of prescription.

2

2. Calculations: Involved in compounding and

Dispensing: Weight and measures, % calculations dilutions and concentrations,

isotonic solutions HLB values.

6

3. Posology, imperial system Latin teems and abbreviations 2

4. Basic principles in dispensing: Types of dosage forms, formulation, storage,

containers and closures for products, labeling of dispensed products 4

5. Products included are: solutions (oral external use, body cavities) suspensions &

emulsions Ointments, creams, gels, pastes, Suppository & pessaries Powders &

Granules, Lozenges, pastilles, pills, Tablets, capsules, Tables triturates.

10

6. Prescription Accessories 1

7. Dispensing of Proprietary 1

8. Incompatibilities 4

Books Recommended

Sr.No. Title Author/Editor Edition Publisher

1 Cooper & Gunn’s

Dispensing For

Pharmaceutical Students

Revised By

S.J.Carter

12th,

1987

CBS Publishers &

Distributors

42

2 Husa’s Pharmaceutical

Dispensing

Eric W.Martin 5th, 1971 Mack Publishing Company

3 The Art,Science &

Technology Of

Pharmaceutical

Compounding

Loyd V Allen 2nd,

2002

American Pharmaceutical

Association

4 Pharmaceutical Calculations Mitchell J.Skotlosa,

Howard C.Ansel

8th, 1986 Lea & Febiger

5 American Pharmacy:

Textbook Of Pharmaceutical

Principles,Processes &

Preparations

Rufus Lyman 4th, 1955 J.B.Lippincott Company

6 Pharmaceutical Practice Diana M. Collett, &

Michael E. Aulton

1998 Churchill London

7 Pharmaceutical Practice A.J. Winfield &

R.M.E. Richards

2nd ,

1998

Churchill Liningston

Title of the Course Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology-IV

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm

Semester IV

Sr..No Topic Hrs.

1 Cardiovascular System: Anatomy - Physiology

Structure and conducting systems of heart. Generation of action

potential in SA node and its conduction/ Action potential in cardiac

muscle. Cardiac cycle, ECG, (P-QRS-T)

Blood pressure-factors modifying blood pressure

Baroreceptors, Chemoreceptors, Vasomotor centre, humoral and

neuronal regulation of Blood pressure and Circulation

Diseases: Hypertension, CCF, Arrhythmia, angina pectoris, IHD,

arteriosclerosis, varicose veins, hemorrhoids.

15

2 Urinary System: Anatomy – Physiology

Function of kidneys and formation of urine. Maintainence of acidbase

and electrolyte balance, Renin-angiotensin system.

Formation of body finds – Buffers of body, Respiratory and

Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.

Urine analysis- Volume, colour, odour, specific gravity, normal and

abnormal constituents with associated diseases.

Diseases: Acute and Chronic renal failure,

Urinary tract infection, Glomerulonephritis

15

43

Books Recommended

Sr.No. Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher

1 Ross and Wilson’s

Anatomy and Physiology

in Health and Illness

Anne Waugh and

Allison Grant

10th, 2006 Churchill Livingstone,

London,

2 Principles of Anatomy

and Physiology

Gerald J.Tortora

and Sandra et.al

10th, 2003 John Wiley and Sons Inc,

New York, USA.

3 Textbook of Medical

Physiology

Arthur C.Guyton

and John E.Hall

10th , 2000 W.B.Saunders Company,

Pensylvania, U.S.A.

4 Illustrated Physiology

B.R.Mackenna

and R.Callander

6th Churchill Livingstone, New

York, London

Title of the Course Pharmaceutical Management-I

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S.Y. B. Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr.No. Topic Hrs.

1 Historical perspective; Business management thought -concept, functions,

advantages and limitations

5

2 Principles of organizations -authority, performance, productivity 10

3 Techniques of communication, direction, participation, delegation, decision making,

control tools (PERT, CPM), systems, policies, procedures, methods to operate

organization

10

4 Skills like leadership, motivation, business forecasting, conflict resolution, creativity

and innovation.

5

Books Recommended: Will be recommended by the teacher

Title of the Course Assignments (Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology)

Marks 50

Number of Hours per week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S. Y. B.Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr. No. Topic

1. There will be several problem solving sessions where there will be discussions on

methodology and approaches to solve problems including discussions on how to gather

information from internet and literature. The problems will be given to the students as

home assignments where students can go through the literature and come out with

solutions and present it in the class. There shall be many assignments. No assignment shall

be of more than 10 marks. The student shall submit the assignment in A4 size paper either

hand written or typed and pinned together. Marks will be awarded by the teacher and at

44

the end of the semester teacher will submit the marks along with the assignment copies of

all the students to the office.

Title of the Course Assignments (Organic Chemistry)

Marks 50

Number of Hours per week 2

Total Hours 30

Class S. Y. B.Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr.No Topic

1. There will be several problem solving sessions where there will be discussions on

methodology and approaches to solve problems including discussions on how to gather

information from internet and literature. The problems will be given to the students as home

assignments where students can go through the literature and come out with solutions and

present it in the class. There shall be many assignments. No assignment shall be of more than

10 marks. The student shall submit the assignment in A4 size paper either hand written or

typed and pinned together. Marks will be awarded by the teacher and at the end of the

semester teacher will submit the marks along with the assignment copies of all the students

to the office.

Laboratory

Title of the Course Dispensing Pharmacy Laboratory

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 4

Total Hours 60

Class S.Y. B. Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr.No. Experiment

1 At least one representative example of each formulation type included in theory

Title of the Course Community Service Project

Marks 100

Number of Hours per Week 6

Total Hours 90

Class S.Y. B. Pharm.

Semester IV

Sr.No. Activity

1 A supervisor will be assigned to each student. The student will carry out community project

under their guidance and submit report in the standard format (A4 size spiral bound). The

report will be assessed by teachers appointed as examiners and conduct viva and awarded

marks.

45

T.Y. B. Pharm.

SEMESTER – V

Title of the course Pharmaceutics-IV

Marks 50

Number of hours per week 2

Total hours 30

Class T.Y.B.Pharm.

Semester V

Sr.No. Topic Hrs.

1. Preformulation considerations in design of tablets, advantages of tablets 2

2. Granulation: Need for granulation, Methods and equipment, Direct compression,

Advances in granulation equipment

4

3. Single stroke and Rotary Tablet Machines, physics of tablet compression, tablet

tooling

2

4. Formulation of tablets: Excipients in tabletting 4

5. Quality control of tablets 2

6. Types of tablets: effervescent, lozenges, chewable, buccal and sublingual,

dispersible, orodispersible , soluble

3

7. Problems in tabletting 1

8. Capsules: Advantages and limitations of Hard gelatin and soft gelatin capsules: 1

9. Gelatin extraction and manufacture of Hard gelatin capsules 1

10 Equipment for filling hard gelatin capsules, formulation considerations and

quality control

3

11. Manufacture, formulation considerations and quality control of soft gelatin

capsules

3

12. Packaging machinery and materials for tablets and capsules 2

13. Layout design of tabletting section and capsule section 2

14. Tablets: and compressions of tablets, packaging including materials, quality

control, evaluation and official standards, manufacturing equipment, different

types of tablets including various processing problems, -

Drying and mixing of powders: equipment and theory

3

15. Capsules: Principles, materials and equipment involved in the formulation,

manufacture and filling of hard and soft gelatin capsules and their quality control,

Layout design of capsule section, packaging;

9

16. Suppositories: Formulation of suppositories and pessaries, suppository bases,

evaluation, packaging, and manufacture.

4

46

Books Recommended

Sr.No. Title Author/Editor Edition Publisher

1 Theory & Practice Of

Industrial Pharmacy

Leon

Lachman,Herbert

A.Lieberman &

Joseph Kanig

3rd, 1970 Lea & Febiger,

Philadelphia

2 Pharmaceutical Dosage

Forms:Tablets (Vol 1-3)

Herbert

A.Lieberman,Leon

Lachman & Joseph

B.Schwartz

2nd,

1989

Marcel Dekker Inc.,New

york

3 Remington-The Science

And Practice Of

Pharmacy(Vol.1 & 2)

David B.Troy 21st,

2006

Lippincott Williams &

Wilkins

4 Modern Pharmaceutics Gilbert

S.Banker,Christopher

T.Rhodes

2nd,

1990

Marcel Dekker Inc.

5 Pharmaceutics:The Science

Of Dosage Form Design

Michael E.Aulton 1st ,

1988

Churchill-Livingstone

6 Pharmaceutical Production

Facilities:Design &

Applications

Graham C.Cole 1st ,

1990

Ellis Horwood

Title of the course Pharmacology - II

Marks 50

Number of hours per week 2

Total hours 30

Class T.Y.B.Pharm.

Semester V

Sr.

No.

Topic Hrs.

1 Local anaesthetics 3

2 Antidiabetic and Antithyroid agents 3

3 Chemotherapy

Basic concepts and general principles;

Antibiotics and Principles of antibacterial , Chemotherapy

Sulfonamides – Trimethoprim, Quinolones and fluroquinolones , Penicillins and

Cephalosporins;

Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicols, Antifungal agents, Antiviral

agents, Anticancer agents, Chemotherapy of Parasitic diseases, Amoebiasis,

Antimalarial, Anthelmentics, Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis/Leprosy

24

47

Books Recommended

Sr.No. Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher

1 Essentials of

Pharmacotherapeutics

F.S.K.Barar

1st Edition

2004

S.Chand and Company

Ltd,

New Delhi

2 Essentials of medical

Pharmacology

Tripathi K.D.,

6th Edition,

2008

Jaypee Brothers Medical

Publishers Pvt Ltd, New

Delhi,

3 Pharmacology

H.P.Rang,

M.M.Dale,J.M.Ritter

5th Edition,

2003

Churchill Livingstone;

Edinburgh

4 Pharmacology and

Pharmacotherapeutics

R.S.Satoskar,

S.D.Bhandarkar

15th Edition,

1997

Popular Prakashan,

Mumbai

Title of the Course Biochemistry III

Marks 50

Number of Hours per Week 2

Total Hours 30

Class T.Y. B. Pharm

Semester V

Sr.No Topic Hrs.

1. Nucleic acid metabolism: Discussion of biosynthesis of purines and pyridines with

respect to location, intermediates, enzymes, cofactors, and regulation. Salvage

pathways for nucleic acids. Examples of drugs interfering with these pathways.

5

2 Solid phase peptide synthesis, Edman reaction based protein sequencing and its

automation.

4

3 Enzyme kinetics: Classification of enzymes. Effects of enzyme concentration,

substrate concentration, temperature, pH on enzyme reactions. General mechanisms

of enzyme catalysis – acid base cataltysis, oxidation-reductions, proximity effects,

transition state theory, etc. Michaelis – Menten equation and meanings of Km and

Vmax, Lineweaver Burke method.

5

4 Enzyme inhibition – competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive reversible

inhibition of enzymes. Effect of these inhibitors on Km and Vmax and Identification

of inhibition patterns via LWB plots. Examples of drugs that are enzyme inhibitors.

5

5 Fermentation Technology: Introduction to industrial fermentations, factors affecting

fermentation processes or fermenter designs, typical fermentation types – batch,

continuous, fed-batch, aerobic, anaerobic, pure culture, mixed culture etc. Typical

fermenter designs and explanation of design characteristics with emphasis on

automation for process control. Examples of one or two commercial production

protocols – penicillin and dextran.

6

6 Immobilizaton of cells/enzymes: Definition of immobilization, advantages and limits,

different approaches to cell/enzyme immobilization with examples of adsorption,

covalent coupling and matrix/polymer based systems

5

48

Books Recommended

Sr.No Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher

1 Lehninger: Principles

of Biochemistry.

David Nelson,

Michael Cox

4th , 2005 W. H. Freeman and

Company, New York.

2 Outlines of

Biochemistry

Eric Conn &

Paul K Stumpf

5th, 1987 John Wiley and Sons

3 Harpers Biochemistry- Robert Murray,

Daryl Granner.

25th , 2000 Appleton and Lange,

Connecticut.