In addition to modules, JDK 9 included several other new features. One of particular
interest is JShell, which is a tool that supports interactive program experimentation
and learning. (An introduction to JShell is found in
Appendix D
.) Another interesting
upgrade is support for private interface methods. Their inclusion further enhanced JDK
8’s support for default methods in interfaces. JDK 9 added a search feature to the
javadoc tool and a new tag called @index to support it. As with previous releases,
JDK 9 contains a number of updates and enhancements to Java’s API libraries.
As a general rule, in any Java release, it is the new features that receive the most
attention. However, there is one highprofile aspect of Java that was deprecated by JDK
9: applets. Beginning with JDK 9, applets are no longer recommended for new projects.
As will be explained in greater detail in
Chapter 1
, because of waning browser support
for applets (and other factors), JDK 9 deprecated the entire applet API.
The next release of Java was Java SE 10 (JDK 10). However, prior to its release, a major
change occurred in the Java release schedule. In the past, major releases were often
separated by two or more years. However, beginning with JDK 10, the time between
releases was significantly shortened. Releases are now expected to occur on a strict
timebased schedule, with the anticipated time between major releases (now called
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