The Nomenclature of Binary Compounds Formula of Binary Compounds

The Nomenclature of Binary Compounds

Formula of Binary Compounds (Compounds composed of two elements)

• (1). Shows the number of atoms of each type that are found in the compound. These numbers are indicated by subscripts

• Al2O3 NaCl S4Cl2 SF6

• Subscripts

• (2). In the formulas the less electronegative atom is written first

Compounds

• Covalent

• (Molecular) Ionic

• I-Cl NaCl

Na2O N2O

• Na2O N2O

NaCl CO CO2

• NaCl CO CO2

• Be able to summerize the nomenclature of binary ionic and binary covalent ( i.e. molecular) compounds contrasting differences in the way that the two classes of compounds are named.

Nomenclature of Binary Compounds

• ionic compounds

Nomenclature of Binary Compounds

• Covalent (molecular) compounds

Root Root

• Root Root

• O oxygen ox Br Bromine

• Cl chlorine chlor As Arsenic

• N nitrogen nitr Te Tellurium

• H hydrogen hydr

• I iodine

• Se selenium

• P phosphorus

• F fluorine

• S sulfur

• C carbon

Numerical Prefixes

• 1 mono 8 octa

• 2 di 9 nona

• 3 tri 10 deca

• 4 tetra 11 undeca

• 5 penta 12 dodeca

• 6 hexa 13 trideca

• 7 hepta 14 tetradeca

Name the following binary compounds

• As2S3

• Na2S

• Mo2Cl8 (name as a covalent compound)

• Al4C3

• Cl2O7

• B3N3

• ICl

• RbCl

• MgI2

• SF6

• KF

Name the following binary compounds

• 1. NaCl 13. SO3

• 2. ICl 14. P2S5

• 3. Al2O3

• 4. C2O3 15. SF6

• 5. Al4C3 16. XeF4

• 6. CS2

• 7. CO

• 8. AlP 17. S4Cl2

• 9. SO3

• 10. NI3

• 11. Ba3N2

• 12. OF2

Name the following binary compounds

• (name the following metal -

• containing compounds as

• covalent compounds)

• 18. CrO3

• 19. TiCl4

• 20. W2Cl8

• 21. PbO2

The Formation and Nomenclature of Monatomic Ions

Representative Elements that may form only 1 cation

Non metals and metalloids Forming Monatomic Anions

• 1A 4A 5A 6A 7A

• H

• C N O F

• Si P S Cl

• As Se Br

• Te I

• These elements gain one or more electrons into the outer shell forming an anion, An-

• The charge, n-, of the anion is the number of electrons gained

• The nb of electrons gained is that nb. needed to achieve an octet of electrons in the valance electron shell, i.e. 8-Group Nb.

Non metals and metalloids Forming Monatomic Anions

• 1A 4A 5A 6A 7A

• H1-

• C4- N3- O2- F1-

• Si4- P3- S2- Cl1-

• As3- Se2- Br1-

• Te2- I1-

• These elements gain one or more electrons into the outer shell forming an anion, An-

• The charge, n-, of the anion is the number of electrons gained

• The nb of electrons gained is that nb. needed to achieve an octet of electrons in the valance electron shell, i.e. 8-Group Nb.

Nomenclature of Monatomic Anions

• Root + ide

• identifies the element identifies the

• ion as a

• monatomic anion

Representative Elements that may form only 1 cation

Non metals and metalloids Forming Monatomic Anions

• 1A 4A 5A 6A 7A

The reaction of the elements Li and F

• Li F

Predicting the Formula of Binary Ionic Compounds (Formed Through the Reaction of the Elements)

• Determine the identity of the cation and the anion that the metal and non-metal would form.

Following the outline given on the previous slide determine the formula of the following combinations of elements

• Following the outline given on the previous slide determine the formula of the following combinations of elements

• Al and O

• Ba and Se

Predicting the Formula of Binary Ionic Compounds (Formed Through the Reaction of the Elements)

Predicting the Formula of Binary Ionic Compounds (Formed Through the Reaction of the Elements)

Metals that form more than 1 cation: Transition and Post-Transition Metals

• Transition Metals Post Transition

• Metals

• 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B 3A 4B 5A

Metals that form more than 1 cation: Transiton Metals

• 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B

• Sc2+ Ti2+ V2+ Cr2+ Mn2+ Fe2+ Co2+ Ni2+ Cu1+ Zn2+

• Cation of Lower Charge: Formed by losing Ag1+ Cd2+

• all electrons from the outermost electron shell

• ( 2 e- for all, except for Group 1B Au1+ Hg1+

• where 1 e- is lost)

Metals that form more than 1 cation: Transiton Metals

• 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B

• Sc3+ Ti3+ V3+ Cr3+ Mn3+ Fe3+ Co3+ Ni3+ Cu2+ Zn3+

• Ag2+ Cd3+

• Cation of Higher Charge: Possesses a charge Au2+ Hg2+

• 1 higher than the cation of lower charge

• (ions in red are uncommon)

Nomenclature of Transition and Post-Transition Metal Ions

• I.

• Stock System

• Name of Metal (Ionic Charge:Roman Numerals)

• Fe2+ iron(II) ion Sn4+ tin(IV) ion

• Cu1+ copper(I) ion Cr3+ chromium(III) ion

II.

• II.

• Older Nomenclature

• -ic (ion of higher charge)

• Root + endings

• identifies the metal -ous (ion of lower charge)

• Fe2+ ferrous ion Sn4+ stannic ion

• Cu1+ cuprous ion Cr3+ chromic ion

• Fe iron ferrum

• Cu copper cuprum

• Sn tin stannum

• Pb lead plumbum

• Ag silver argentenum

• Au gold aurum