The process by which ideas, beliefs and practices cross national boundaries



Yüklə 451 b.
tarix06.05.2018
ölçüsü451 b.
#43013



Globalization is the process by which ideas, beliefs and practices cross national boundaries and tie individuals to world wide processes.

  • Globalization is the process by which ideas, beliefs and practices cross national boundaries and tie individuals to world wide processes.



Three forces Drive Globalization:

  • Three forces Drive Globalization:

  • UNIVERSALISM

  • IMPERIALISM

  • CAPITALISM



Interest in global expansion is based upon a material products that can be made and distributed on a global basis.

  • Interest in global expansion is based upon a material products that can be made and distributed on a global basis.

  • Universal business practices



See McDonaldization-the homogenization of culture.

  • See McDonaldization-the homogenization of culture.

  • Corporations –level the landscape.

  • Products produced in chain store fashion



 George Ritzer in his book The McDonaldization of Society (1993). He explains McDonaldization occurs when cultural possesses assume the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant.

  •  George Ritzer in his book The McDonaldization of Society (1993). He explains McDonaldization occurs when cultural possesses assume the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant.

  • Scientific management =Weber’s rationalization thesis.



Universality is a left wing movement…

  • Universality is a left wing movement…

  • A philosophy concerning the provision of the benefits of the welfare state which declares that all citizens have access regardless of their need.

  • For example, all citizens receive the same access to health care in Canada, regardless of their income.



Neo-liberal policies of globalization entail that less powerful citizens can be more easily deprived of benefits.

  • Neo-liberal policies of globalization entail that less powerful citizens can be more easily deprived of benefits.

  • Benefits can be more easily reduced.

  • Benefits are not received by most people in the population.

  • The principle of universality has been seriously eroded by globalization.



Local crops are replaced by specialized industries

  • Local crops are replaced by specialized industries

  • Standard of living may go up for some, for many there is increasing exploitation.  

  • Instead of goods exchanged through barter, individuals must work for a company and pay for goods in cash.

  • This has been linked to patriarchy and alienated labour.



Imperialism –is the notion that developed nations can help and exploit lesser developed nations.

  • Imperialism –is the notion that developed nations can help and exploit lesser developed nations.

  • Inclusiveness leaves nothing untouched. This notion has an embedded militarism.

  • The Koran and the Semitar, the Bible and the Sword, Communist manifesto and tanks.

  • Imperialism is colonialism with added militarism



Capitalism-Profit or surplus value.

  • Capitalism-Profit or surplus value.

  • The search for suplus value-the market drive for profit

  • Cheaper and more efficient ways of producing goods for sale and consumption.

  • Capitalism is characterized by systematic consumption, systematic exchange, wealth accumulation.



  • Globalism -a transnational political mobilization that focuses individual energies on global issues rather than on the nation-state.



Global consciousness where opinions are formed and issues are resolved by hammering out global interests.

  • Global consciousness where opinions are formed and issues are resolved by hammering out global interests.

  • UN, World Bank, INTERPOL…



1-Expansion of the West

  • 1-Expansion of the West

  • 2. Uneven development

  • 3.WW1 and WW2

  • 4. American self consciousness

  • 5. Neo-liberal movement (1980s)



It is a process that both connects and stimulates awareness of global connection.

  • It is a process that both connects and stimulates awareness of global connection.

  • Globalization dissolves the autonomy of Nations in contemporary world order.

  • Globalization enhances global inequality



  •      When Corporations Rule the World by. David C. Korten, Kumarian Press and Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 1995 ...



Involves the following six processes:

  • Involves the following six processes:

  • 1. International economic institutions

  • 2. Global corporations

  • 3. International markets

  • 4. Global production/consumption

  • 5. More competitive nations

  • 6. World wide division of labour



Liberal Interpretation



  • Capitalism is a mutually beneficial system consistent with human nature. (See Hobbesian view of man)

  • Socialist debate this (See Rousseau’s view man)



The is significant debate around globalization from different sociological perspectives..

  • The is significant debate around globalization from different sociological perspectives..



SF-modernization and adaptation

  • SF-modernization and adaptation

  • Conflict theory-dialectical change towards end of capitalism-its last crisis

  • Symbolic Interactionism-rationalization



The economy will take care of itself

  • The economy will take care of itself

  • Economics is structurally differentiated from politics

  • Economic downturns =market correction…not collapse



Globalization=Iron cage of capitalism

  • Globalization=Iron cage of capitalism

  • Increase in formal rationality of bureaucracy I.e. monopoly capitalism

  • Decrease in substantive rationality, loss of human control

  • See G. Ritzer on Mcdonaldization of culture



The symbols signs and language are characterized by Corporate Logos

  • The symbols signs and language are characterized by Corporate Logos

  • Logos affect consciousness.

  • See Naomi Klein’s book, NO LOGO…(1999)



  • THE GLOBAL VILLAGE is THE GLOBAL EXPLOITATIVE MARKET

  • FREE ENTERPRISE IS AN ILLUSION’

  • FREE FOR WHO?



Include 6 key points regarding the political economy and global economics:

  • Include 6 key points regarding the political economy and global economics:

  • The 6 points are as follows:



THE GLOBAL VILLAGE is THE GLOBAL EXPLOITATIVE MARKET

  • THE GLOBAL VILLAGE is THE GLOBAL EXPLOITATIVE MARKET

  • FREE ENTERPRISE IS AN ILLUSION’

  • FREE FOR WHO?



      1. Marx believed that capitalism is ultimately a system of exploitation

  •       1. Marx believed that capitalism is ultimately a system of exploitation

  •     2.Marx believed workers receive a pittance wage compared to the owners of the means of production

  • 3.      Marx believed that Socialism would replace capitalism

  • 4.     Liberal critics argue that Socialism is unrealistic, others believe it may still happen

  • . 5. Contractions of capitalism =(surplus value) 

  • 6. Surplus value requires worker exploitation.

  • 7. Maximization of profit requires bourgeoisie to go further abroad for profit.

  • 8. Economic downturns inevitable

  • 9. Attempts to correct system will ultimately fail.

  • 10. Capitalism sows the seeds of its own destruction.



  • THE RESULT: will be improved economic order-interests of all men better served. SOCIALISM OR

  • SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION or True communism



IS HIGHLY CRITICAL OF THE ENTIRE CONCEPT OF MODERNIZATION.

  • IS HIGHLY CRITICAL OF THE ENTIRE CONCEPT OF MODERNIZATION.

  • Is society `modernizing’ or is it merely going round and round…fragmented, multiple realities, multiple discourses?.



  Mulroney Betrayed Canada...speech in 1983 stated:

  •   Mulroney Betrayed Canada...speech in 1983 stated:

  •  

  • "Free trade with the United States is like sleeping with an elephant. It's terrific until the elephant twitches, and if you role over you are a dead man"

  • (Thunder Bay, 1983)



1. Bill C22 weakened generic drug laws.

  • 1. Bill C22 weakened generic drug laws.

  • in the name of profit

  • 2. FIRA and National Energy Program

  • `guaranteed access'

  • 3. Secret deals over Softwood Lumber.

  • 4. Secret deals over the value of the Canadian dollar.



.1. Unemployment-4% points higher-although recession will end-"but high unemployment, underutilized capacity, and a lower standard of living overall"

  • .1. Unemployment-4% points higher-although recession will end-"but high unemployment, underutilized capacity, and a lower standard of living overall"

  •  Underemployment-part-time, temporary, contractual jobs.



2. Deindustrialization-a warehouse economy-worse than branch plant....GDP now 16% from 19% before FTA

  • 2. Deindustrialization-a warehouse economy-worse than branch plant....GDP now 16% from 19% before FTA

  •  

  • 3. Jobs Heading South -"blind doctrinaire adherence to age old Adam Smith economics"

  •  



4. Foriegn ownership-1.fewer jobs



It is a process that both connects and stimulates awareness of connection.

  • It is a process that both connects and stimulates awareness of connection.

  • Globalization dissolves the autonomy of actors and practices in contemporary world order.



GLOBALIZATION is key issue in sociology today.

  • GLOBALIZATION is key issue in sociology today.

  • Sociological theorists-structural functional, conflict and symbolic interactionist debate its significance in terms of modernization



The analytical definition highlights universal factors (e.g., Giddens).

  • The analytical definition highlights universal factors (e.g., Giddens).

  • The historical definition focuses on specific developments (e.g., Freidman).

  • The merger of both perspectives (e.g., Robertson):

    • Robertson defines globalization as the compression and intensification of awareness of the world, both of which have developed over centuries but most intensely in recent times.






Yüklə 451 b.

Dostları ilə paylaş:




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©genderi.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

    Ana səhifə