The Rise of the City-States Isolated villages of Dark Ages grew into cities



Yüklə 465 b.
tarix26.11.2017
ölçüsü465 b.
#12854


The Rise of the City-States

  • Isolated villages of Dark Ages grew into cities

  • With more people came more trade

    • With people inside and outside cities
  • Cities of Dark Ages grew into city-states

  • 600 - 500 BCE; city-states were very successful; Age of Expansion


Four Forms of Government in Ancient Greece



Monarchy

  • Ruling power is in the hands of one person

    • Usually a king, helped
    • by a council of advisors
  • Comes from two Greek

  • terms

    • Monos = single
    • Arkhein = rule


Monarchy

  • 3) Mycenaeans established monarchies

    • King lived in fortress in capital of city-states
    • Beyond capital were villages of people who paid taxes to king
    • People also obeyed his laws and turned to him for protection
    • King relied on armed soldiers to enforce laws and make people pay
    • Eldest son would take over after his death
    • If no male in line, highest military people battle to be new monarch


Monarchy

  • 4) Mycenaean monarchies ended around the 1200’s BCE

    • Eastern trade routes began to close because of fighting in Asia Minor
    • Mycenaeans couldn’t get raw metals to make weapons to defend themselves
    • They slowly destroyed each other
    • The Dorians invaded Greece and destroyed the rest of the Mycenaean monarchs


Oligarchy

  • 1) Form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a few leaders

    • Power rested with a few selected wealthy people and some people who got power by birth
  • 2) Come from the two Greek terms

    • Oligos = few
    • Arkhein = rule


Oligarchy

  • 3) Began in Greek city-states between 1100 - 800 BCE

  • 4) Oligarchs had good lives, and enforced their rule with military support

  • 5) Citizens in oligarchies had some protections, but lacked full political rights, like voting

  • 6) By the 400’s BCE, oligarchy only existed in one city-state; Sparta



Tyranny

  • Ruling power is in the hands of a person who had seized control, often illegally

  • 2) Comes from the Greek word

  • tyrannos, means “usurper

  • with supreme power”



Tyranny

  • Arose in Greece in the mid 600’s BCE

  • Middle-class demanded political and social privileges to go with their money, ruling oligarchs said “no”

  • Some former military people made promises to middle class that they could help them, so they took over and reformed some laws

  • Once in power, the tyrant received gifts from the middle class and became rich



Tyranny

  • Last important tyrant in mainland Greece was Hippias of Athens

  • a. in 510 BCE Hippias was forced to resign by Athenians and Spartan invaders



Democracy

  • Ruling power is in the hands of all the people

  • Comes from two Greek terms

  • a. demos = people

  • b. kratos = power



Democracy

  • 3) Arose in Greece around 500 B.C.

  • 4) Main governing body was the Citizen Assembly

  • a. All 30,000 adult male citizens were invited, only about 5,000 came

  • b. Both rich and poor could attend

  • c. Decisions reached through public debate and vote

  • 5) Council of 500 in charge of day-to-day running of the state

  • a. This group chosen by an annual lottery



Democracy

  • 6) Pericles was a democratic leader in Athens.

  • 7) Under his rule, nearly all gov’t officials were paid: both poor and rich males could participate in gov’t

  • 8) Pericles’ Four Principles of Democracy:

  • a. Personal freedom (to make choices)

  • b. Opportunity to get ahead through one’s ability, not social class born into

  • c. Equality before the law

  • d. Majority Rule (what most people want)



Yüklə 465 b.

Dostları ilə paylaş:




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©genderi.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

    Ana səhifə