UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
UCLA Smart Grid Energy Research Center
UCLA-SMERC
Web Site:
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Address: 44-1165, Engineering IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90049
Phone: 310 267 4892
Email:
manager@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Executive Summary
UCLA’s Smart Grid Energy Research Center or SMERC
(
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
) is working on advanced
research, creation, testing and demonstration of advanced wireless and mobile communications, sense-and-
control, cybersecurity, and smart cloud computing technologies for enabling the creation of the Smart
Grid. Two key research platforms being developed at UCLA to support this research are called Wireless
Internet Smart Grid or WINSmartGrid
TM
and Wireless Internet Smart Grid Electric Vehicle Interface or
WINSmartEV
TM
. The research, demonstration and development projects include Demand Response, Electric
Vehicle Integration into the Grid, Cyber-security, Distribution-side Grid Monitoring and Control and Micro-
grid.
SMERC
also holds Smart Grid Thought Leadership Forums regularly at which utilities, industry,
government, universities and other relevant bodies are invited to participate and discuss relevant and current
issues in Smart Grid.
SMERC’s external leadership council has participatio
n from utilities, industry and
government including Terna (Italian ISO), GM Research & Development, Electric Power Group, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Enel Distribuzione, California Public Utilities Commission, Los Angeles
Department of Water and Power, Southern California Edison, Hughes Network Systems, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, San Diego Gas and Electric, Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability, Galvin
Electricity Initiative, and, Houston Energy/Centerpoint.
What is a Smart Grid?
A smart grid is an electric utility grid that is resilient, flexible, stable, self-monitoring, self-repairing, reliable, and
secure, and it is anticipated that this would be possible through the infusion of advanced technologies such as
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
wireless and mobile communications, Internet, advanced computing and software, and state-of-the art
sensing/monitoring and control. A smart grid would require the active participation of the consumer as well as
the utility by way of smarter, dynamic and market-driven pricing models. A smart grid would be able to
incorporate intermittent energy sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, hydro, and, energy from
ocean tides. A smart grid would be able to incorporate energy storage schemes such as pumping water up a
hill or electric vehicles aggregated to provide energy storage or battery-based large-scale community storage
systems, to smooth out variations in instantaneous demand and supply of frequency or voltage by storing
energy during periods of excess capacity and supplying energy during periods of need. A smart grid would be
one that meaningfully integrates these considerations and is constantly becoming smarter.
Background
While the current electric grid in the United States has an impressive 99.97% reliability, it is somewhat limited
in its ability to handle renewable energy sources, to effectively manage demand response, to self-repair, or to
sense/monitor its own problems. Convergence of communications, sensors and information technology has
resulted in phenomenal advances such as the iPhone, but such convergence has been slow to reach the utility
industry. With rise in the US population and increase in demand for electricity, there is tremendous opportunity
for the United States to lead on the path of a new genre of convergence between the existing electric grid and
the next generation of Wireless, Information Technology, RFID and Integrated Sensors (WITRIS) technologies.
President Obama's stimulus package (called the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, or ARRA) that
contains approximately $4.4 billion for Smart Grid represents perhaps a starting point for investment to
modernize the grid.
Coupled to the stimulus package from Washington is the significant change in the national agenda on carbon
emissions. The Carbon Cap-and-trade legislation in the form the American Clean Energy and Security Act of
2009 (also known as Waxman - Markley comprehensive energy bill) designed to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions 17 percent by 2020, would have a profound impact on energy production and consumption - it is a
game-changer. This in turn would further impact the electric transmission grid - for example if a greater
proportion of energy comes from solar, then the grid would have to be modified appropriately to handle solar
input in a scalable fashion. This bill would directly and indirectly stimulate private industry and universities into
creating new technologies and innovations, resulting in opportunities and growth of new areas. Universities,
technology providers, utilities, and governments would need to collaborate to come up with the next generation
of Smart Grid and Smart Energy Technology. This would also affect training of new students in universities as
well as the research agendas at universities. It would have the potential to radically alter how the United States
of America thinks about energy. Bringing public policy, economics, business management and technology into
the discussion as an inter-disciplinary thought leadership process would be become critical for a meaningful
discussion.
While every major media source today is talking about the Smart Grid due to its importance to the national
energy policy agenda, it is still unclear to many as to what this grid of the future will look like. In-fact, it is like
trying to predict what an iPhone would have looked like in the year 1984 (25 years ago), when a cell phone
was simply a mobile telephone. There is tremendous opportunity for creativity, experimentation and research in
the defining of the Future Smart Grid. Throwing open this opportunity to researchers and students in
universities or entrepreneurs in industry could result in new and currently unimaginable possibilities for the grid
of the future. Therefore, while the utility community is trying to determine this singular vision of the grid of the
future, the eventual outcome is impossible to predict, but the community at large needs to ensure that those
who want to experiment with meritorious ideas get the appropriate resources, opportunities and incentives to
do so. The innovative ideas of today would get impetus with funds from ARRA coupled with the incentives
provided from Cap-and-Trade bill to become the creative Smart Grid ideas of tomorrow.
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
The UCLA Smart Grid Energy Research Center (SMERC),
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu/
is working on these and
related topics. The Center is using the UCLA WINSmartGrid
TM
and WINSmartEV
TM
research platforms to
demonstrate and evaluate applications such as demand response, EV integration, renewable integration,
aggregated storage, micro-grids, and distribution-side monitoring.
What is the UCLA WINSmartGrid™?
The UCLA WINSmartGrid
™
is a mobile communications network platform technology that allows electricity
operated appliances such as plug-in automobile, washer, dryer, or, air conditioner to be wirelessly monitored,
connected and controlled via a Smart Wireless hub. The WINSmartGrid
™
technology connects home
appliances and smart meters to the WINSmartGrid
™
web service that receives live feeds from utilities and
external sources on information such as instantaneous price of power, future prices, etc., and sends control
signals to various WINSmartGrid
™
controllers which in turn dynamically switch on/off appliances in real time.
Important aspects of this system include low-power capabilities, generic/flexible/reconfigurable technology,
two-way communication capability, open-architecture for integration with sensors,
devices, networks and appliances, plug-and-play, and standards-based interfaces.
This technology allows utilities - at the edge of the network
–
an enabling
technology to connect with consumers and offer them incentive-based
consumption of electrical power during off-peak hours, to store this power in
millions of battery-operated electric vehicles, which can subsequently utilize the
stored power during the peak hours for transportation thereby helping utilize the
off peak-time energy capacity. By intelligently operating appliances via a wireless open architecture approach
within the home with WINSmartGrid
™
, utilities can simultaneously reduce peak power requirements during the
daytime.
The WINSmartGrid
™
architecture is based on the advanced technology called the ReWINS (Reconfigurable
Wireless Interface for Networking of Sensors
http://winmec.ucla.edu/rewins
) that was developed in the
Wireless Media Lab and WINMEC in UCLA over half a dozen years. Its architecture is a tri-layered system
(that is derived from the WINRFID Middleware and Edgeware research -
http://winmec.ucla.edu/winrfid
) that
separates the hardware layer via the Edgeware, the control, setup and data functions via the Middleware and
the decision making via the Centralware. Such a layered architecture results in ease of integration with the
existing infrastructure.
Technology: Monitoring and Control
The WINSmartGrid
™
Technology brings together ReWINS technology within a three-layered Service-ware
architecture that is composed of the Edgeware, Middleware and Centralware as discussed above.
The Edgeware is a combination of software and firmware that connects to devices such as the temperature
monitors, humidity RFID tags, motion detectors or X10 controllers on refrigerators. A variety of
monitors/sensors may be exploited by WINSmartGrid
™
including temperature, humidity, current, voltage,
power, shock, motion, chemicals, etc. The Edgeware offers control of the wireless networks that connect to the
WINSmartGrid
™
hub. The WINSmartGrid
™
hub supports wireless protocols such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, WiFi,
GPRS and RFID, however, it appears that the 802.15.4-based low-power protocols such as Zigbee and Smart
Energy Profile appear to be on the path of standardization within homes and for smart meter mesh networks.
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Other protocols such as WiMax and Rubee are being added. The Edgeware allows the creation, setup,
management, control and utilization of a two-way hierarchical and low-power network.
The Middleware sits between the Edgeware and the Decision making web
service or Centralware. The Middleware provides functionality such as
data filtration, aggregation and messaging on the raw data from the
Edgeware, extract meaningful information, and route it appropriately to the
correct destination / web service.
The Centralware receives real-time price feeds and other data from the
utilities, has a basic set of knowledge-based rules on control decisions,
and makes the control decisions that need to be executed. The
WINSmartGrid
™
Centralware also has the capability to connect to other Intelligent Web services to collaborate
on decision making about the control decisions
–
currently it is a structural interface, with a basic set of rules
only. This structural web service will eventually be connected to the external intelligent services as they come
on-line.
Once the Centralware makes the decisions, the Middleware is informed about the control decisions via actions,
which then maps and routes these control decisions to the Edgeware, which in turn converts those decisions to
low-level control signals for the appropriate controller (e.g. X10 controller connected to a Plug-In car).
Characteristics of WINSmartGrid
TM
technology include:
Low Power technology
Standards-based hardware adapted to fit the problem resulting in lower overall cost
Wireless infrastructure for monitoring
Wireless infrastructure for control
Service architecture with three layers
–
Edgeware, Middleware and Centralware
Open architecture for easy integration
Plug-and-Play approach to the network installation.
Reconfigurability
–
The capability of the technology to be reconfigurable allows OTA (over the air)
upgrade of the firmware to be able to handle different and devices, applications, sensors, controllers,
thermostats, etc.
Objectives of WINSmartGrid™ Connection
The objective of the WINSmartGrid
™
Connection is to advance novel Wireless
SmartGrid technologies in university labs, perform testing in the labs, transition
technologies into the field for scaled testing, and work with partners for full rollout.
National Priority
DOE has a vision for the Modern Grid Strategy as follows:
(source
http://www.netl.doe.gov/moderngrid/opportunity/vision.html
) - "Before we can
begin to modernize today's grid, we first need a clear vision of the power system required
for the future. Given that vision, we can create the alignment necessary to inspire
passion, investment, and progress toward an advanced U.S. grid for the 21st century. A
modernized grid is a necessary enabler for a successful society in the future.
Modernizing today's grid will require a unified effort by all stakeholders rallying around a
common vision".
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
The UCLA Wireless SmartGrid project using the WINSmartGrid
™
technology provides an enabling Wireless
Technology for achieving the goals of the electricity smart grid by allowing power consumption within
households to be smoothened out, thereby resulting in a flatter demand curve and more efficient production.
Current Research Projects
Demand Response
–
Events driven, Pricing driven, Comm. architecture and design to support DR, Building
and Campus Response, ADR models including OpenADR.
Smart Buildings/Homes - Using wireless sense and control communications infrastructure; Exploring
Zigbee, Smart energy profile, and other wireless protocols
EV to Grid Integration - Grid to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle to Grid (V2G) interfaces and communications;
distribution-side capacity considerations, pricing incentives-based consumption, using aggregated EV set
as energy source for local stability and power system reliability.
Micro grid communications architecture
–
Local communications models for Micro grid with the objective of
connecting solar generation to EVs and smart buildings.
Cybersecurity of the mobile and wireless communications infrastructure
–
Wireless communications for EV
charging infrastructure uses RF devices; zigbee network security as used by meshed meters, security of
mesh networks in charging stations.
Communications Research Issues
Network Modeling
Zigbee
–
Low Power Networks
Open architecture
–
So as to allow multiple smart meters to integrate with the HAN, we prefer to go with an
open architecture for wSmartGrid.
Wireless Debate
–
Since UCLA’s Wir
eless Internet for Mobile Enterprise Consortium(WINMEC) is a neutral
meeting ground and promotes thought leadership, best of breed and standards, we will encourage open
debate on which wireless protocol to use including 801.15.4 (Zigbee, IPv6LoPAN), 802.11 (Wi-Fi),
Bluetooth, and even look at WANs such as WiMax, LTE, CDMA, EDGE.
Home Area Networking (HAN) architecture
–
Looking at architectures that are available today for AMI
systems such as iTron, Cellnet, Elster, etc., and being compatible with the major providers, where relevant
New research projects being initiated in 2011
Distribution automation with Wireless sense-and-control systems
Price-based demand control
Outage analysis with wireless monitoring in distribution networks
PMU data research in distribution networks
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Benefits to Utilities and Consumers
The following benefits accrue to the utilities and consumer.
Demand Response
WINSmartGrid
TM
enables demand response resulting in the ability of distribution grid
operator to reduce their idle capacity, to connect their customer to their energy purchasing, and to create a
closer relationship with their customer. The customer in-turn gets the ability to monitor and lower their bill.
Loss and Leakage Monitoring and Reduction
Distribution-side grids have losses resulting from various causes. Using monitoring technologies along with
location-based / GPS systems, distribution grid operators would potentially have the ability to pinpoint where
losses are happening in their grids, why they are happening (e.g., poorly monitored lines, theft, etc.).
WINSmartGrid has wireless interfaces that would be useful in creating this infrastructure at low cost.
Other Benefits include:
Integration of home-based Wireless network to their smart meter architecture
Low cost connectivity to achieve the vision of the National Smart Grid
Low power technology that provides connectivity.
Two way connectivity for monitoring and control of the last mile of the Global SmartGrid (homes, offices,
factories).
Higher level of granularity of energy usage patterns and demand response of residential and
commercial customer.
Electric Vehicle Integration into Smart Grid of
the Future with UCLA WINSmartGrid™ and
WINSmartEV
TM
Platforms
California constitutes a significant automotive market - a place where demanding and energy-conscious
consumers come together with creative designers from Hollywood, resulting in an environment rich in ideas on
automotive innovation. As a result, California is home to some of the most significant innovations in EVs
including Tesla and Fisker. As these innovations come on line their integration into the smart grid of the future
becomes the next big challenge. We are developing a scalable and robust architecture utilizing wireless and
RF-monitoring and control technologies derived from our
WINSmartGrid
TM
that allows smart vehicle and
energy storage and consumption management for vehicles in home or in the office
–
this application-level
technology is termed WINSmartEV
TM
. As part of the challenging long-term research project, we are developing
a series of demonstrations both at home and in the office. The first phase - developing an on-campus
demonstration within UCLA - requires conducting research and demonstration on UCLA's internal electric
vehicle (EV) fleet and charging stations at UCLA for its integration with our local utility's managed grid.
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
The objective of this project is to reduce energy cost and usage and to increase the stability of local power
system by managing the charging operations of the EVs. This will be accomplished using the smart grid
wireless system under development at UCLA called WINSmartGrid
TM
.
In this project, EV usage information and electric grid status will be collected wirelessly to determine better
efficient and economic charging operation of the EVs. Due to different grid stability/reliability, geographical
location of the EVs and driving patterns of the EVs, effective management of charging and backfill operations
may be used to lower electricity rates and flatten electric load curve. Each EV will be equipped with a handheld
device to allow the driver to receive instructions or seek advice to better manage his/her EV's battery
charging/backfill process.
For example, an alert can be issued to the driver when the battery capacity is below a threshold level. The alert
can include a list of near-by charging station's location, distance, current and projected energy cost based on
the time of the day and use an intelligent cloud-computing the driver the optimum course of action.
The batteries on the EVs when not in driving status can
also be collectively used to serve as the energy storage
which can backfill into the local electric grid to prevent
power outage during peak demand. In this scenario, an
alert is issued to the driver when a predicted instability in
the grid is detected. The alert can instruct the driver to
bring the vehicle to the appropriate charging station to
serve as backfill battery.
Existing EVs and charging stations usage patterns will
be studied to determine the appropriate sensors and
wireless communication modules to be installed.
Communication and alerting systems will be
implemented by integrating WINSmartGrid
TM
with our
local utility's Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and
the Demand Respond project.
Major areas of this research/demonstration include:
WINSmartGrid
TM
Technology
- WINSmartGrid
TM
platform is used as the infrastructure to i) connect to
EV electric power sensors, GPS chips, and other EV data and ii) control and utilize the wireless
network for communication iii) allow data filtration, aggregation and messaging, and iv) provide a portal
for data integration and decision making.
Smart Energizing - the management of EV batteries' charging rate and extent of the charge backfill
based on various data from grid stability, energy cost, vehicle location, battery status, driver's
preference, and driving patterns.
Grid Balancing - grid management and prediction of peak and off-peak hours to store excess capacity,
or to handle demands for large numbers of EVs charging efficient, economically and safely.
UCLA-
WINRFID
TM
Technology - including RFID tags/readers on the EVs and charging stations to track
and identify usage and preference information of each EV. Automatic charge/discharge intelligence
stored within smart RFID tags managed by UCLA-WINRFID Technology.
Cyber Security - study and integration of cyber security technologies for secure wireless communication
between battery and infrastructure or between two batteries, as part of the smart grid architecture.
The demonstration and results of this project will provide vast amounts of data, information and knowledge to
allow an effective and large scale roll-out of grid-integrated EVs across the region and in the country.
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Smart Grid Technology Leadership Council
Select utilities, government labs, and, companies are being invited to serve on the leadership council. For
further information, email
info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
, subject "Smart Grid Technology Leadership Council".
Some of the current members include:
Terna (Italian ISO)
Chief Technology Officer
GM Research & Development
Director, Electrical/Controls Integration Research Lab
Electric Power Group
President
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Chief Electrical Engineer
Enel Distribuzione
Chief Executive Officer
California Public Utilities Commission
Energy Analyst
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
Chief Information Officer
Southern California Edison
Director Engineering Advancement
Hughes Network Systems
Vice President
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
PIER Demand Response Research Center
San Diego Gas and Electric
Director - Smart Meter Program Office
Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability
Program Manager
Galvin Electricity Initiative
Executive Director
Houston Energy/Centerpoint
Director of Smart Grid
SMERC Thought Leadership Forums
SMERC invites global thought leaders and hosts open forums to discuss issues facing the Smart Grid research,
technology, implementations, investments, regulations, and, consumer issues.
o
March 18
th
, 2009, Kickoff meeting, by invitation
o
June 18
th
, 2009,
http://winmec.ucla.edu/smartgrid/2009-06/
o
Nov 5
th
2009,
http://winmec.ucla.edu/smartgrid/2009-11/
o
May 17
th
, 2010,
http://winmec.ucla.edu/smartgrid/2010-05/
o
Sep 28
th
, 2010,
http://www.winmec.ucla.edu/evforum/2010-09/
o
Nov 2
nd
, 2010,
http://winmec.ucla.edu/smartgrid/2010-11/
o
Apr 6
th
, 2011,
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
(to be finalized)
Two categories of forums as follows are organized:
SMERC Smart Grid Thought Leadership Forums (5 Forums held since 2009)
This thought leadership forum series on Transmission and Distribution Electrical Power Grid in the United
States and its modernization opportunity and accompanying innovations over the next 5 to 25 years into what
is being now called the Smart Grid.
We will be joined by several leaders from government, industry, and
academia. New topics in this third Leadership Forum will include Carbon Cap and Trade and its affect on
Smart Grid, Stimulus Fund Progress and how it is being invested, Smart Meter Implementations nationwide by
utilities, Investments into new technologies to support the future Energy Grid, renewable energy sources and
their link into the grid, upgrading the infrastructure and intellectual / knowledge base.
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Some speakers in last two years include:
Vikram Budhraja
President
Electric Power Group
Andres Carvallo
Chief Information Officer
Austin Energy
Dave Chassin
Staff Scientist
PNNL
Luke Clemente
General Manager, Metering & Sensing
Systems
GE Energy - Digital Energy
Susan Covino
Senior Consultant, Market Strategy
PJM Interconnection LLC
Kshamit Dixit
Director of IT Security
Toronto Hydro
Bob Frazier
Director of Technology
Houston Electric
Rajit Gadh
Director
UCLA WINMEC
Livio Gallo
Chief Executive Officer
Enel Distribuzione
John Garrity
Manager, RF& Photonics laboratory
GE Global Research
Josh Gerber
Lead Architect for Smart Grid
San Diego Gas & Electric
Mike Gravely
Manager - Energy Systems Research Office
California Energy Commission
Erich Gunther
Chairman and CTO
EnerNex Corporation
Aloke Gupta
Energy Analyst
California Public Utilities Commission
Marie Hattar
VP, Network Systems and Security Solutions Cisco
Mark Hura
Global Smart Grid Commercial Leader
GE Energy T&D
Joel Ibarbia
Senior Consulting Engineer - SmartMeter
PG&E SmartMeter Engineering and
Planning
Erfan Ibrahim
Technical Executive
EPRI
Doug Kim
Director, Advanced Technology
Southern California Edison
Lee Krevat
Director - Smart Grid
San Diego Gas & Electric
Jayant Kumar
Director, Strategy & Partnership
AREVA T&D Inc
Matthew Lampe
Chief Information Officer
Los Angeles Department of Water and
Power
Zahra Makoui
Supervisor - Smart Grid Communication
Standards
Pacific Gas & Electric Co.
Jack McGowan
Leader
Galvin Perfect Power
Mark McGranaghan
VP
EPRI
Michael Montoya
Director Engineering Advancement
Southern California Edison
Ali Morabbi
Manager, Power System Information
Technology
LADWP
John Nelson
Chief, Electricity & Renewables
Defense Energy Support Center
Jim Parks
Program Manager, Energy Efficiency and
Customer R&D
Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Scott Pugh
Science & Technology Directorate
Department of Homeland Security
Ted Reguly
Director - Smart Meter Program Office
San Diego Gas and Electric
Weston Sylvester
Director Distribution Solutions/Smart Grid
Siemens Energy, Inc.
Commissioner Timothy Simon Commissioner
California Public Utilities Commission
Malcolm Unsworth
President & CEO
Itron, Inc.
David Watson
Program Manager
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
David Wollman
Manager, Electrical Metrology Groups
NIST
Electrical Vehicle Integration and Deployment into the Smart Grid of the Future –
G2V & V2G, September 28, 2010 (
http://www.winmec.ucla.edu/evforum/2010-09/
)
Recent advances in information and communications systems and battery technologies, in combination with
substantial importance given by society to reducing greenhouse gas/carbon emissions, have resulted in
dramatic thrusts towards accelerated innovations in electric vehicles (EVs) and the smart and renewable
energy infrastructure necessary to fuel and support them. Products such as the Nissan Leaf, Chevy Volt, and
Ford Focus Electric, are in the process of creating mass markets for electric vehicles in the U.S. The utilities on
their part are working towards enhancing their infrastructure through their own investments as well as those
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
from the DOE Stimulus ARRA Grants, and this requires massive changes in their distribution as well as their
transmission systems. If 25% of all vehicles were EVs today, the current infrastructure in the U.S. would have a
difficult time supporting the charging of these EVs - substantial technological, infrastructure and behavioral
changes would be required to do so in a scalable and efficient manner. Some utilities have reported numbers
which indicate that even a single 220V EV charger may during peak consumption hours overload its
transformer. Therefore, the current infrastructure needs to be upgraded both from a capacity standpoint as well
as from a flexibility and power routing/control standpoint. Adding capacity is far more expensive than adding
intelligence and smart power routing capability, and the eventual solution will require an innovation
combination of both. Certainly, adding auxiliary power sources at the edge of the power network such as
residential solar PVCs to feed into the grid would help from a capacity standpoint, but using such alternative
fuels so as the move the energy around where it is needed from where it is produced will require a very
sophisticated and smart grid.
While adding capacity and adding smartness are challenges - they are also opportunities. There are other
unique opportunities that the growth of EVs can provide in the context of the Smart Grid. Due to the addition of
a large number of batteries by way of these EVs there is the potential to aggregate them to create an energy
storage buffer which can absorb excessive power during low-load periods such as during the night, and
become a source of electrical power during high-load periods such as a hot summer's afternoon. This ability
can help substantially with Demand Response which is a key and yet challenging problem for the utilities. This
source of energy can also provide buffer power for smoothing out frequency fluctuations resulting from
mismatched demand (generation versus consumption) - and therefore could be used for Demand Dispatch by
the utilities. All of these needs and capabilities will require the integration of sophisticated technologies
including communications, wireless, sense-and-control, Internet, mobile computing, cloud computing, Lithium
Ion and other battery technology, superconductors, etc.
This forum will bring together researchers, utilities (distribution and transmission), technology providers,
service providers, EV and automotive companies, renewable generation companies, and government together
to create Thought Leadership around the field of electric vehicles and their integration into the Smart Grid of
the Future.
Speakers
Scott Backhaus
Staff Member
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Thomas Basso
Senior Engineer
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Luke Clemente
GM, Metering & Sensing Systems
GE Energy - Digital Energy
Mike Coop
Founder
heyCoop, LLC
Rajit Gadh
Professor & Director
UCLA SMERC
MIke Gravely
Mgr - Energy Systems Research Office California Energy Commission
Stanton Hadley
Power and Energy Systems Group
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Bruce Hamer
Principal Power Engineer
Burbank Water and Power
Andrew Martinez-Fonts
Sr. Product Manager
Silver Spring Networks
Ali Morabbi
Mgr, Power System Information Tech LADWP
Feng Pan
Technical Staff Member
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Jason Rodriguez
CEO and Director of Research
Zpryme Research & Consulting, LLC
UCLA - SMERC, 44-116S Engr. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA. 90095
http://smartgrid.ucla.edu
Email:info@smartgrid.ucla.edu
Commissioner Timothy Simon
Commissioner
California Public Utilities Commission
Peter Suterko
Manager, Fleet Services
LADWP
SMERC News
UCLA Engineering School News (Dec 8, 2010):
UCLA Smart Grid Energy Research Center (SMERC)
celebrates its start
http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/newsroom/featured-news/archive/2010/ucla-smart-grid-
energy-research-center-smerc-celebrates-its-start
Examiner.com (November 3, 2010):
UCLA to test "smart" electric vehicle
integration
http://www.examiner.com/green-building-in-los-angeles/ucla-to-test-smart-electric-vehicle-
integration
City of Los Angeles:
MAYOR VILLARAIGOSA LEADS ELECTRIC VEHICLE 101
WORKSHOP
http://mayor.lacity.org/PressRoom/PressReleases/LACITYP_012264
UCLA Newsroom (October 21, 2010):
Workshop at UCLA looks at electric vehicles' coming impact on
Southland cities, utilities
http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-holds-workshop-on-new-transportation-
177011.aspx
Smart-Grid.tmcnet.com (October 15, 2010):
Smart Grid Summit - What You Missed
http://smart-
grid.tmcnet.com/topics/smart-grid-fa/articles/108975-smart-grid-summit-what-missed.htm
Smart-Grid.tmcnet.com (October 14, 2010):
UCLA Forum Shows the Way for Smart Grid and the Future of
Electric Vehicles
http://smart-grid.tmcnet.com/topics/smart-grid-fa/articles/108662-ucla-forum-shows-way-
smart-grid-the-future.htm
Dr. Gadh speaks at Los Angeles Smart Grid Summit, 2010
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFA8y1tKJrk
Smart-Grid.tmcnet.com (May 19, 2010):
Guest Article: Review of UCLA WINMEC Smart Grid
Forum
http://smart-grid.tmcnet.com/topics/smart-grid-fa/articles/85705-guest-article-review-ucla-winmec-smart-
grid-forum.htm
The Daily Bruin (Feb 12, 2010):
Smart Grid technology saves money, energy by using sensors in buildings,
battery power from electric
cars
http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2010/02/smart_grid_conserves_money_energy
UCLA Today (Jan 14, 2010):
Building the 'Smart Grid'
http://www.today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/building-the-smart-
grid-151474.aspx
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