9
stud decorations, is more likely, as its spiral-end relates it to the northern/northwestern Iranian belts
during Iron Age II.
As no spiral-end belt has been reported from any other region yet it is more likely that they are the
characteristic of the Iron Age II belts in northern and northwestern Iran. Although their forms and
decorations show some Caucasian and Urartian ties, they are north/northwestern Iranian objects of Iron
Age II period, which first appeared in Southern Caspian Sea regions such as Marlik. The belts probably
moved westward to the regions such as Ziwiye and Bisutun. Although Moorey attributes the belts to
Luristan as he mentions the details are recalling the animals and the floral motifs represented on Ziwiye
ivory objects (Moorey & Ryder 1967: 86, Pl. Ib, fig.1; Moorey 1971: 241 fig. 461241 fig. 461). Apparently
the last examples had been produced at Hasanlu which according to Rubinson appear to have their origin
in the southern Caucasus (Rubinson, 2012a).
At the end it must be mentioned that double spiral end belts could provide some clues about the existence
and the distribution of the women warrior groups in the southern and western Caspian Sea as well as the
southern Caucasus in the case they woule be the subject of a more detailed and comprehensive studies.
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