ABSTRACT
SILVA, Luciano Prado da. A relação literariedade, imagem e imaginários em ...y
no se lo tragó la tierra, de Tomás Rivera, e La frontera de cristal, de Carlos Fuentes. Rio
de Janeiro, 2015. Tese (Doutorado em Letras Neolatinas) – Faculdade de Letras, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2015.
This doctoral thesis discusses the relationship of literariness, image and imaginary by
addressing conflicts of otherness among Mexicans, Chicanos and Americans. It is done in the
light of the novels "...y no se lo tragó la tierra" (1971), by Tomás Rivera (1935-1984), and
"La frontera de cristal" (1995), by Carlos Fuentes (1928-2012). Giving a whole Romanesque
perspective to the tales – which can be read and understood in isolation – both works
converge in the fragmented structure of their narratives on the US-Mexico border and the
problems resulting from almost two hundred years of cultural-identity contact and shock.
Thus, from the careful reading of the corpora, my goal is to demonstrate the literary strategies
used by the authors to establish contact with imaginary about the bi-border conflict situations
arising in their plots through specificities of literature. Therefore, in general terms, the
theoretical framework that guides this study goes through texts of Russian formalism (1914-
1927) for literariness; and through texts of Gilbert Durand (2011) and Wolfgang Iser (1983)
for correlations among fiction, imagery and imaginary. In regard to considerations about
Chicanos literature, culture and identity from Rivera's novel, Ramos and Buenrostro (2012)
give their contribution. When it comes to Mexican identity issues brought to literary order by
Fuentes, Bartra's (2000) and García-García's (2004) observations collaborate to the dialogue.
After the studies realized for this doctoral research, my finding is that, more than suggesting a
composition of intentionality with imaginary, both authors of the novels analyzed show some
of their political and ideological positions. Such positions narrow down connections, to a
greater or lesser extent, with previous imaginary about events enhanced by printed literary
language for both. It is also due to the reader's reception instances the character of
permanence and aggregation of verbal images produced by dear aspect of reality to an
imaginary.
Keywords: Literariness. Image. Imaginary. Border. México-USA.
SUMÁRIO
INTRODUÇÃO pg. 11
1 A IMBRICAÇÃO LITERARIEDADE, IMAGEM E IMAGINÁRIOS pg. 20
1.1 Da noção de literariedade pg. 20
1.2 Imagem e(m) literatura pg. 34
1.3 Historicizar para pensar: o que é um imaginário? pg. 59
2 ELIPSE E LACONISMO: A NARRATIVA EM INSTANTÂNEOS LITERÁRIOS DE ...Y
NO SE LO TRAGÓ LA TIERRA pg. 68
2.1 A elipse romanesca de Tomás Rivera pg. 69
2.2 A ficção do menino narrador riverano: um problema ontológico (?) pg. 85
2.3 Imaginária e imaginários de ...Tierra: “sacralidades” em questionamento pg. 103
3 LA FRONTERA DE CRISTAL: COMPONDO (COM) IMAGINÁRIOS pg. 123
3.1 Nas trampas de um narrador coiote, (des)caminhos para os imaginários pg. 124
3.2 Metáfora ampla, o recurso de imagem na obra pg. 140
3.3“Mex-(anglo)-chicanidades” como resultado da equação “metáfora ampla =
imagem → metonímia = imaginários” pg. 157
4 APROXIMAÇÕES FRONTEIRIÇAS: SIMILARIDADES E DIFERENÇAS pg. 184
4.1 Da literariedade em ambas
pg. 184
4.2 Rivera: do implícito ao imagético. Fuentes e sua imagética explícita pg. 192
4.3 Os imaginários de dois romances em contos
pg. 199
CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS pg. 206
BIBLIOGRAFIA pg. 211
ANEXOS pg. 221
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