Volume 2006, XLVIII, Number 1

Volume 2006, XLVIII, Number 1

Author:	Joachim Vette
Original title:	Hiobs Fluch und Gottes Antwort: Bedrohung und Erhaltung der Schöpfung als thematische Klammer
English title:	Job’s Curse and God’s Answer: Menace and Preservation of Creation as Thematic Frame
Abstract:	Article is trying to create thematic frame in Book of Job and suggests its specific structure. First two chapters represent prosaic introduction, in third one follows monolog. Chapter four opens main part of the text consisted of dialogs. First between Job and his friends, further between Job Elihu (begin in 32, 2) and finally between Job and God (from 38, 1 to 42,6). The Book is concluded again with prosaic section. Chapter 3 creates break between narrative introduction and dialog section. For the whole structure of the Book is crucial first part of chapter 3 with Job´s damnation of his day of the birth and plea to delete this day. This should accomplish Leviathan and link in that way chapter 3 and chapter 41, where God states that there is nobody who would be able to fulfill Job´s plea. In chapter 42 Job takes back his words from chapter 3. Chapter 3 and section 38 to 42,6 thus create second frame inside the prosaic one containing chapter 4 – 37.
Keywords:	Job, thematic frame, damnation, Leviathan
Author:	Pavel Keřkovský
Original title:	The Biblical Language of Law
English title:	The Biblical Language of Law
Abstract:	The article follows the idea of Božena Komárková, Czech philosopher that special heritage of Old Testament called theological language of law shapes later development of Europe and stands behind the idea of human rights. It is neither idea of image of God nor some divine element in human nature but language of law in New Testament interpretation that led to the modern idea of human dignity. Crucial for this sort of language are relational categories in contrast to ontological, substantial or cosmical language usual in other cultural areas, especially in Greek tradition. In modern era Komárková distinguishes between anthropological and chrématomorphical style of locution. Second one we know as the language of science based on mathematical rationality. Antropological form of language Komárková identifies not so much with myths or art but especially with the sphere of law. Language of science (scientific law) organizes area of natural causality and mathematics, juridical law organizes human will and has therefore priority by organizing human society and articulation human dignity. Theological component with Old Testament mercy message and New Testament reinterpretation of Old Testament law helps to grasp human situation adequately in its uniqueness and individuality.
Keywords:	human rights, biblical language, Božena Komárková
Author:	Filip Susa
Original title:	Neuere Studien zum tridentinischen Rechtfertigungsdekret. Zum Verständnis der Gerechtigkeit, mit der wir beschenkt wurden
English title:	New Studies concerning Trident decret of justification. Towards understanding of justice we are endow with
Abstract:	Council of Trident attracts attention of theologians and historians more than any other church council. Among other reasons it is also its polemical and confessional character. As a symbol of protestant-catholic controversy may serve article about justification. In twenties century it was Peter Brunner who wrote first detailed protestant monography on Tridents justification decretum. Most interesting part of his study analyses justification of unbaptized godless men, where preparation for justification is not separate event but represents inner part of justification itself. This interpretation may bring catholic and protestant position very close to each other. Another, totally different and much more controversial interpretation of Trident decretum shows in his study Wilfried Joest. His strong legalistic point of view does not have much understanding for catholic anthropology and ontological positions. The work of other theologian P. Fransen depicts . The scale of interpretation is closed by work of Hans Jorissen who anylyses councils justification understanding with position of Luther.
Keywords:	Council of Trident, justification, Tridents justification decretum
Author:	Gerhard Sauter
Original title:	Sterben in Würde?
English title:	Dying in Dignity?
Abstract:	Article analyses solitude of dying people as a social disease in our society. Our relief by dying tends to be rather relief to life. Dying person is instructed how to deal with his up to now living, but he is not prepared on fact of his own death. It is caused by the conception of death as natural phenomenon, not the enemy in biblical sense. Attention shifts from solitude by dying to solitude of dying person. Every person is individual and irreplaceable in dying. Everybody stands on his own, but is not left alone. Preparation for dying should consist of promise of eternal life with God. God has to say the last word in the life and because of Gods last word the dying person is not left alone by coming end of the life. He has unlike view of man’s life and the life of dying person gains unexpected unity.
Keywords:	dignified dying, death, hospice, solitude, eternal life
	Book reviews
Author:	Jan Zámečník
Original title:	Jesus von Nazareth: geschichtliches Bild und seine Interpretation
English title:	Jesus from Nazareth : the historical image and its interpretation
Reviewed book:	POKORNÝ, Petr. Ježíš Nazaretský: historický obraz a jeho interpretace [Jesus from Nazareth : the historical image and its interpretation]. Praha : Oikoymenh, 2005. 174 p. ISBN 80-7298-135-8.
Author:	Jan Zámečník
Original title:	Vom das Kreuz Jesu zu seiner Lebensgeschichte
English title:	From the Jesus´ cross to his life story
Reviewed book:	TROJAN, Jakub S. Ježíšův příběh - výzva pro nás [Jesus´ story - a challenge for us]. Praha : Oikoymenh, 2005. 413 p. ISBN 80-7298-136-6.
Author:	Kateřina Tůmová
Original title:	Discovering Girard
English title:	Discovering Girard
Reviewed book:	KIRWAN, Michael. Discovering Girard. London : Darton, Logman and Todd, 2004. 137 p. ISBN 0-23-52526-9.

Volume 2006, XLVIII, Number 2

Author:	Stephan Vasel
Original title:	Ancilla, Domina sive Meretrix : eine kleine Kritik der säkularen Vernunft
English title:	Ancilla, Domina sive Meretrix : a small critic of secular reason
Abstract:	History of mutual relationship of faith and reason, of theology and philosophy is very intricate. Philosophy as a partner was regarded in different times with different respect from princess across maid to bitch. Christianity from the very beginning strove for the adequate expression of its confession by means of the categories and worldview of that time. Paul, Lukas and John are trying express the same message but they do this with different way for different contexts. Although middle age regarded philosophy as maid of theology and Luther spoke even about bitch, philosophy still played important role for the shaping of Christian faith. Only modern times with these of the secular reason tried to set them totally apart. Religion and faith will gradually lose their attraction and meaning and philosophy, science or art will replace it. Last development with increase of religious interest in the world and with the emergence of many quasi-religious phenomena as Harry Potter or Lord of Rings or popularity of modern spiritual movements shows how naive conception it was. Theology is now confronted with similar situation as in its first centuries. It is in its interest to find the right relationship to philosophy.
Keywords:	secular reason, quasi-religious phenomena, theology and philosophy
Author:	Lenka Karfíková
Original title:	God of Philosophers : the Idea of God in A.N. Whitehead and E. Lévinas
English title:	God of Philosophers : the Idea of God in A.N. Whitehead and E. Lévinas
Abstract:	It is very difficult to imagine two conceptions of God which would be more different from each other than those of Whitehead and Lévinas. Whitehead’s stress for God’s immanence, which implies and embraces all individual subjectivities, runs the risk of losing God addressing the world from a distance whereas Lévinas with his stress for God’s transcendence, which men can meet exclusively in the alterity of the other and in ethical action, can only hardly express what we are used to call God’s immanence. Both approaches have long tradition in the European thinking. Whitehead’s conception reminds of Aristotle, Eriugena or Hegel while Lévinas based in the Jewish tradition would find some parallels by Kant or in Protestant Christianity. Intention of the author is not to prefer one of the conceptions but, on the contrary, to underline their mutual comlementarity, their opposition may offer better witness about the God of philosophers in the European tradition, than preferring one isolated conception.
Keywords:	Alfred N. Whitehead, Emmanuel Lévinas, idea of God
Author:	Jan Kranát
Original title:	Ist Kant der Philosoph des Protestantismus
English title:	Is Kant the philosopher of Protestantism
Abstract:	Question of confessional character of some philosophy is neither from philosophical nor from theological point of view crucial. For the most of the history of theology it was not even posed. Situation changed in the second half of the 19th century when the catholic new scholastic turned to St. Thomas philosophy. It is the time of Kant comeback to the philosophical stage and Catholic Church opposed with call “back to St. Thomas und Aristoteles”whereas Kant was regarded as the deepest point of the philosophy on its way towards subjectivism and skepticism since Luther reformation. Nobody of the Kant´s contemporaries would deny protestant roots of his thought, but only after almost 100 years in reaction to catholic identification with St. Thomas is Kant being identified by number of protestant itellectuals as philosoph of protestantismus. The conviction was based primarily on identification of Luther´s plea for irationalism of faith and Kant´s famous dictum about the necessity to limit the reason in order to make space for faith. How superficial such conclusions may be shows the whole discussion about cofessionalismus of the philosophy at that time. The only meaningful content gets the question of confessional character of philosophy when we use the confession as a thoughts background or hermeneutical key.
Keywords:	Immanuel Kant, Protestantism, religion
Author:	Tim Nobel
Original title:	Jean-Luc Marion, Idols and Liberation Theology
English title:	Jean-Luc Marion, Idols and Liberation Theology
Abstract:	Marion´s prime contribution to theology must be seen in calling theology to reflect on its presupposition, especially its presupposition about God. Idolic character of our concepts of God may occur in different ways. Marion´s conceptualizing of idol and of what is iconic offers a needed tool to theology. Understanding of the danger of conceptual idolatry on the one hand and the power of the icon to allow us to encounter God on the other hand represents valuable contribution of contemporary “religious” philosophy to theology.
Keywords:	Jean Luc Marion, liberation theology, idols
Author:	Šárka Grauová
Original title:	„Because we are alive and thus all the grandeur remains for us”
English title:	„Because we are alive and thus all the grandeur remains for us”
Abstract:	With the progressive secularisation of the society and culture the accounts of transcendence seemed to disappear from both literature and philosophy. The article compares the approach to the elements of human experience that apparently transcend the world of the immanent in two more or less declaredly non-religious 20th century authors: French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Portuguese writer Vergílio Ferreira. After a short analysis of the way in which the transcendent is recaptured in a concrete work of philosophy (Le Visible et l‘invisible) and a work of fiction (Para sempre), it focuses on the verbal means felt by the authors as ways of access towards the theoretically impossible and unspeakable.
Keywords:	Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Vergilio Ferreira, transcendence, philosophy and literature
	Book reviews
Author:	Jan Černý
Original title:	Experience and the Absolute
English title:	Experience and the Absolute
Reviewed book:	LACOSTE, Jean-Yves. Expérience et absolu: questions disputées sur l´humanité de l´homme. Paris : Presses Universitaires de France, 1994. 239 s. ISBN 2-13-046179-4.
Author:	Petr Sláma
Original title:	Hinter der Bibel mit Mario Liverani
English title:	Beyond the Bibel with Mario Liverani
Reviewed book:	LIVERANI, Mario. Israel´s History and the History of Israel. London : Equinox, 2006. xx, 427 s. ISBN 1-904768-76-8.

Volume 2006, XLVIII, Number 3

Author:	Jaroslav Vokoun
Original title:	Anzeichen liturgischer Bewegungen im tschechischen Protestantismus
English title:	Short study about the development concerning liturgy in Czech Protsestantism during 20th century
Abstract:	The article traces the elements of liturgical concern in the Czech Protestantism especially in the several latest decades. Liturgical character of the original Czech reformation would stand today somewhere very close to Anglican liturgy. Unfortunately in the time after Toleranz patent the reformation identity was shaped rather negatively by anti-Catholic sentiment than by genuine protestant elements and which brought strong and lasting anti-liturgical characteristic in the church. As an example of lonely voice for liturgical reform Vokoun highlights Jan Tydlitát, Czech vicar in 80´s, further compares two groups striving for liturgical renewal, liturgical commission organized by church administration and spontaneous liturgical initiative of young pastors and vicars called COENA, which is active in several last years. At the end he analyses approaches of two pro
Keywords:	liturgy, history Czech Protestantism, 20th century
Author:
Original title:	Czech Protestantism and liturgy. Finding a Balance between Sacredness and Authenticity : an interview
English title:	Czech Protestantism and liturgy. Finding a Balance between Sacredness and Authenticity : an interview
Abstract:	Interview with two pastors of Protestant Church of the Czech Brethern Tomáš Trusina, pastor in the town of Benešov and Tomáš Drobík co-founder of the liturgical association Coena and teacher of practical theology at the Hussite Theological Faculty of Charles University. They represent different positions on the issue of liturgy. First position put the accent on the „civil interpretation“. The second one accents dialogical charakter of liturgy and their sacred character. They present their elevation on worship, sacredness, authenticity, tradition and aims of liturgical renewal.
Keywords:	liturgy, liturgical renewal, tradition, sacredness
Author:	David R. Holeton
Original title:	Reading the Word of God together : the revised Common Lectionary and the Unity of Christians
English title:	Reading the Word of God together : the revised Common Lectionary and the Unity of Christians
Abstract:	Holeton analyses the complicated development and the ecumenical importance of the common lectionary, which today is used in many churches in the world. He describe hard labour of ligurgical commision of second Vatican council on new lectionary reform. On grounds of study of liturgical text of several churches was gradually create Ordo Lectionum Missae (OLM) published in 1969 which substituted medieval lectionary cycle. It should be important instrument for Christian unity, but it had become a source of division. Study give account of development of new common document. By this one was the Revised Common Lectionary (RCL) published in 1992. The use has spread around the world and is being used in at least fifty churches covering the whole spectrum of „western“ Christiantity from Anglican to Baptist.
Keywords:	history, Second Vatican Council, lectionary, Ordo lectionum missae, Revised Common Lectionary
Author:	Burcht Pranger
Original title:	Religious Indifference. On the Nature of Medieval Christianity
English title:	Religious Indifference. On the Nature of Medieval Christianity
Abstract:	Author propose to discuss the problem how is it that medieval sources, both written and visual, which, at first sight, fit within, and are replete with christian religion, that is, more often than not can be read and interpreted as basicaly non religious? Or, if we want to avoid the binary and anachronistic opposition between religious and non-religious, one could rephrase this question and ask why the religious element often manifests itself as intrinsically indifferent? Whether we deal with logic of Abelard, Ockham or Buridan, or with Thomas Kempis´s Imitatio Christi, both types of source-material are somehow shot through with what author would like to coin as "religious indifference".
Keywords:	religious indifference, medieval Christianity, religion
	Book reviews
Author:	Ivana Noble
Original title:	Political and Liturgical Theology in Dialogue
English title:	Political and Liturgical Theology in Dialogue
Reviewed books:	MORRILL, Bruce T. Anamnesis as Dangerous Memory : Political and Liturgical Theology in Dialogue. Collegeville, Minn. : Liturgical Press, c2000. xvi, 224 s. ISBN 0-8146-6183-1. MORRILL, Bruce T., ZIEGLER, Joanna E. and RODGERS, Susan (eds.). Practicing Catholic Ritual, Body, and Contestation in Catholic Faiths. Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. vii, 325 s. ISBN 1-403-97296-6.
Author:	Ota Halama
Original title:	Utraquism between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism
English title:	Utraquism between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism
Reviewed book:	DAVID, Zdeněk. Finding the Middle Way : the Utraquist Challenge to Rome and Luther. Washington : Woodrow Wilson Center Press, c2003. xxii, 579 s. ISBN 0-8018-7382-7.