Warrington Clinical Waste Treatment Centre Appeal Proposed Outline Evidence of Alan Watson

320(7226): 11-15

135^ Roht, L. H., S. W. Vernon, et al. (1985). "Community exposure to hazardous waste disposal sites: assessing reporting bias." Am J Epidemiol 122(3): 418-433.

136^ Shusterman, D., J. Lipscomb, et al. (1991). "Symptom prevalence and odor-worry interaction near hazardous waste sites." Environ Health Perspect 94: 25-30.

137^ David, A. S. and S. C. Wessely (1995). "The legend of Camelford: medical consequences of a water pollution accident." J Psychosom Res 39(1): 1-9.

138^ McCarron, P., I. Harvey, et al. (2000). "Self reported health of people in an area contaminated by chromium waste: interview study." BMJ 320(7226): 11-15.

139^ CD2.5 Fichtner. 2012. Urbaser Javelin Park ERF Greenhouse Gas Assessment.

140^ Colmsio, A. L., Y. U. Zebuhr, et al. (1986). "Polynuclear aromatic compounds in flue gases and ambient air in the vacinity of a municipal incineration plant." Atmospheric Environment (1967) 20(11): 2279-2282

141^ Tejima, H., M. Nishigaki, et al. (2007). "Characteristics of dioxin emissions at startup and shutdown of MSW incinerators." Chemosphere 66(6): 1123-1130.

142^ Quench chamber, bag filters, de NOx and catalytic reactor.

143^ See, for example: De Fre, R. and T. Rymen (1989). "PCDD and PCDF formation from hydrocarbon combustion in the presence of hydrogen chloride." Chemosphere 19(1-6): 331-336; Halonen, I., K. Tuppurainen, et al. (1997). "Formation of aromatic chlorinated compounds catalyzed by copper and iron." Chemosphere 34(12): 2649-2662: Hart, J. R. (2001). "Transient puffs of trace organic emissions from a batch-fed waste propellant incinerator." Chemosphere 42(5-7): 559-569; Zimmermann, R., M. Blumenstock, et al. (2001). "Emission of nonchlorinated and chlorinated aromatics in the flue gas of incineration plants during and after transient disturbances of combustion conditions: delayed emission effects." Environ Sci Technol 35(6): 1019-1030; Nordsieck, H. O., K. Neuer-Etscheidt, et al. (2003). "PCDD/PCDF and other micropollutants in MSWI ashes and crude gas during shut-down and start-up processes." Organohalogen Compounds 60-65; Neuer-Etscheidt, K., H. O. Nordsieck, et al. (2006). "PCDD/F and other micropollutants in MSWI crude gas and ashes during plant start-up and shut-down processes." Environ Sci Technol 40(1): 342-349; Neuer-Etscheidt, K., J. Orasche, et al. (2007). "Changes in PCDD/PCDF formation processes during instationary phases of combustor operation - Exemplified by the use of Cl4DD isomer patterns." Chemosphere September 2004 67(9): S205-S216

144^ CD7.1

145^ Article 13 (3) of the Waste Incineration Directive says:

Without prejudice to Article 6(3)(c), the incineration plant or co-incineration plant or incineration line shall under no circumstances continue to incinerate waste for a period of more than four hours uninterrupted where emission limit values are exceeded; moreover, the cumulative duration of operation in such conditions over one year shall be less than 60 hours. The 60-hour duration applies to those lines of the entire plant which are linked to one single flue gas cleaning device.

146^ The Wales Waste Strategy Consultation said 1.88 gha/capita but there was no indication of where that was derived from – the supporting report by Arup and Stockholm Environmental Institute reports both say 1.8 gha/capita after allowance for non-productive land.

147^ http://resource-accounting.org.uk/downloads/uk.xls

148^ It can be a relatively ‘blunt instrument’ and ideally the indicator should be used as one of a small basket of resource indicators together with Environmentally-weighted Material Consumption (EMC); Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) and Land and Ecosystem Accounts (LEAC). This combination of indicators can be applied to monitor de-coupling of economic growth from environmental impacts as well as illustrating the effectiveness of a number of specific policies aiming at a more sustainable use of natural resources (especially energy and climate policies, agriculture and forestry policies, material policies and spatial planning/urban planning).

Capturing the geographical distribution of pollution impacts and impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity would require the use of additional indicators.

149^ Waste Resources Action Program (WRAP). 2012. WRAP Gate Fees Report, 2012 Comparing the cost of alternative waste treatment options

150^ CD12.23 Fig 2.7 p53

151^ Enviros 2007 DEFRA LASU Gloucestershire Waste Partnership Strategic Options Appraisal

152^ Page 4 - Appendix 13.5 of Volume 3, Environmental Statement

153^ – Residual waste indicated in column marked “RW”.

– “DR” indicates dry recyclables (kerbside sorted and collected). – “GW” indicates green waste (kerbside collected).

– Composition does not include bring banks.

154^ Note 1 - Composition undertaken following the introduction of weekly food waste collections and fortnightly residual collections.

Note 2 – Residual waste indicated in column marked “RW”.

Note 3 – “DR” indicates dry recyclables (kerbside sorted and collected).

Note 4 – “GW” indicates green waste (kerbside collected).

Note 5 – Composition does not include bring banks.