Kazuhiko Nakano, Atsuo Amano and Takashi Ooshima
52
the subjects without RC species. When all specimens obtained at the 1st collection were
divided into 2 categories based on the number of total bacterial species, high (2 or more) and
low (1 or 0), the detection rate of the RC species at the 2nd collection was significantly
greater in the high group (Odds Ratio; 17.5, 95% confidence interval; 1.2-250.4). These
results indicate that those subjects who harbor the RC species may be at possible risk for
colonization by high levels of periodontal bacterial species during adolescence and early
adulthood.
Figure 21. Comparison of the total number of detected species between
groups of subjects with and
without the red complex (RC) species in 2007-2008. The total numbers of the species of 2007-2008 and
1999-2000. (*P<0.05, ***P<0.001).
4) Multiplicity of Species Detected
Interactions between bacterial species that reside in the biofilms are reported to influence
the composition of the communities [61].These interspecies interactions are known to play an
essential role in balancing competition and coexistence. Furthermore, synergistic interactions
may stimulate the growth or survival of one or more of the residents [62, 63]. In order to
determine which species are present simultaneously in the oral cavity, we analyzed the saliva
specimens from 113 children (61 boys and 52 girls) aged 2-12 years old [64], which revealed
9 combinations of the species simultaneously detected (Figure 22). It should be noted that
C.
rectus
and
E. corrodens
tended to be detected simultaneously with the RC species. Another
study analyzing 74 children (39 boys and 35 girls) aged 2-13 years old demonstrated that the
Periodontal Diseases in Children and Adolescents …
53
presence of
C. rectus
was correlated withat least one of the RC species (Odds Ratio; 10.4,
95%
confidence interval; 1.8-59.6) [65].
The prevalence of
T. forsythia
and
C. rectus
in children was low when compared with the
other species, while statistical analysis revealed that
T. forsythia
and
C. rectus
tended to be
detected simultaneously in the children [64]. It is of interest that the number of detected
species in the children with
T. forsythia
and/or
C. rectus
was 3.71 ± 1.71, which was
significantly higher than that for those without either of those species (1.15 ± 0.92). In
addition, two children with
P. gingivalis
were found to possess both
T. forsythia
and
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