Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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142 momavali da gasamarTlebuli dekabristi msaxurobda kavkasiis jarSi. magram imis gamo, rom ermolovis winaaRmdeg ar iyo raime konkretuli mtkicebuleba, Tavis postze darCa, Tumca amis Semdeg axali mefe nikoloz I (18251855) mis mimarT keTilganwyobas ar gamoxatavda. ermolovis warumatebloba grZeldeboda. 1826 wels yarabaRSi sparseTis 60 000kaciani armiis Semosevis dros, abas mirzas meTau robiT, ingliseli oficrebis monawileobiT (mag., dousonis Dawson, samefo artileriis serJanti), ruseTis jari srulebiT moumzadebeli aRmoCnda. pambaki, Surageli da borCalo Pambak, Shuraghel, and Borchalo aoxrebuli iyo, aleqsandropoli da elizavetpoli (ganja) Alexandropol (Goumri) and Elizavetpol (Ganja) – dapyrobili. baqo alyaSi iyo moqceuli. len ko
rani mitovebuli iyo. qurTebma daangries TbilisTan mdebare ekaterinfildis germanelebis kolonia. Tavad Tbilisi iyo safrTxis qveS. ermolovi faqtobrivad umoqmedod iyo. igi rCeboda qalaqSi da brZanebebs gascemda. amierkavkasiaSi mis gankargulebaSi 35 000kaciani armia iyo, magram is ruseTidan saswrafo daxmarebas iTxovda. nikoloz Ima, piriqiT, ermolovs kategoriulad mosTxova Seekriba 15 000kaciani razmi da Seetia erevnis mimarTulebiT. mTavarsardalma ermolovma es SeuZleblad miiCnia da gadadga. gabrazebulma mefem paskeviCs SesTavaza saxelis moxveWa da energiuli Setevis dawyeba.
generali paskeviCi, erovnebiT ukraineli, kavkasiis armiis xelmZRvanelad dainiSna 1827 wels da male man mTlianad daamarcxa sparselebi. misi roli ruseTis istoriaSi, ermolovTan SedarebiT, Zlier aris dakninebuli misi warmoSobis gamo, rasac yvela dasavleli istorikosi aRniSnavs 1 .
magram misgan gansxvavebiT arasdros agebda brZolebs kavkasiasa da poloneTSi. axla ukve sakmaod mkacri mmarTveli nikoloz I iyo gaognebuli kavkasiis omis sistakiT da 1928 wlis 29 ivliss, gabrazebuli 1 paskeviCis ermolovTan urTierToba Zalzed rTuli iyo da igi brals debda intrigebSi da misTvis xelis SeSlaSi, dabolos, ganacxada, rom an is, an ermolovi unda dabrunebuliyo ruseTSi. nawyenma ermolovma dauwera werili mefes, razec dadebiTi pasuxi miiRo. rodesac igi ruseTSi midioda, ewvia taganrogs, sadac aleqsandre I iyo dakrZaluli – `visTan erTadac daimarxa mTeli Cemi bediRbali~. man mokrZalebuli pensioneruli cxovreba oriolSi gaatara. 143 brZana, rom tribunals gadaeces yvela damnaSave im sisastikisTvis, rac xorcieldeboda Cerqezebis mimarT. CamosvlisTanave, 1827 wels paskeviCma gailaSqra iranisken. qalaqebi erevani, Tavrizi, naxiCevani da ardebili aRebuli iyo. 600kaciani qarTuli kavaleria general roman bagrationis, borodinos gmiris, petre bagrationis Zmis meTaurobiT, pirveli SeiWra erevanSi. Temur lengis xmali, Zalzed Zvirfasi nivTi, saCuqrad gaegzavna ruseTis imperators. paskeviCis gvars erevanski daemata. qarTvelma generlebma – giorgi erisTavma da mouravovma George Eristavi and Mouravoff aiRes iranSi Tavrizi, zoroastrizmis dabadebis adgili. adgilobriv meCeTSi fasdaudebeli biblioTeka, daculi, peterburgSi gadaigzavna, im pirobiT, rom rogorc ki warweris asli gakeTdeboda, ukan daab ru
nebdnen. zedmetia imis Tqma, rom nivTebi kvlav peterburgSi inaxeba. griboedovma Tavrizidan 1828 wlis 30 oqtombers miswera paskeviCs: `Cem simamrs (Chavchavadze) baiazidSi xelSi Cauvarda aRmosavluri xelnawerebi. iloce, rom ar iyos gagzavnili imperiis biblioTekaSi, sadac aravin ar aris, vsac mxolod werakiTxvaze meti SeeZlos, magram samecniero akademiaSi mas yvelaze kargad gamoiyeneben profesorebi fon frani da senkovski von Frahn and Senkovski, romlebic msoflio codnas amiT gaamdidreben~. ingliseli diplomatebis – makneilisa da makdonaldis McNeil, Mac- donald Carevis Semdeg, 1828 wels TurqmanCais Turkmanchai ruseTiranis xelSekrulebaze xeli iqna mowerili, da sazRvari dawesda mdina re
araqsze. iranTan mSvidobis damyarebam paskeviCs TurqeTTan Zalebis koncentraciis SesaZlebloba misca. misi moxsenebebis mixedviT, Tur qeTis samxedroebi iranelebze ukeTesebi iyvnen da raodenobrivad meti. amocana, rac kavkasiis armias ekisra, ormxrivi iyo: daecva kavkasia da gadmoetana TurqeTis Zalebi dunais evropis Teatridan. es im dros, rodesac evropaSi ruseTis armia naxevar milions da mets aRwevda, kavkasiaSi armia arasdros yofila 25 000 kacze meti da iSviaTad 12 000 kacze meti monawileobda uSualod brZolebSi. 1828 wels paskeviCma gailaSqra cnobil cixesimagre yarsze, romelic man ivnisSi SturmiT aiRo. iq aranairi xocvaJleta an yaCaRoba ar momxdara. paskeviCma sajarod gamoacxada: `omis kanonebi aZleven uflebas gamarjvebulebs Sturmis Semdeg dasajon qalaqis mcxovreblebi, magram didi mefe patiobs mosaxleobas da sTavazobs rusebis mier dacvas~. ingliseli generali montei Monteith werda: `me SemiZlia davadasturo piradi gamocdilebiT Tavad paskeviCis mkacri samarTlianoba da SesaniSnavi disciplina daculi ruseTis armiis yvela
144 doneze~. momdevno TveSi qarTuli qalaqebi – xerTvisi da axalqalaqi CauvardaT xelSi rusebs, aseve samkviriani blokadis Semdeg daikaves Savi zRvis porti foTi. agvistoSi axalcixe daikaves Ramis Setakebis Sedegad. axla rusi jariskacebi ar avlendnen raime mowyalebas da, upirveles yovlisa, rusi dezertirebis mimarT, romlebic mniSvnelovani raodenobiT iyvnen warmodgenilni. erT meCeTSi 400 kaci cocxlad dawves. Turqebis danakargi Seadgenda ara nakleb 5000 kacs, 1800 lazidan 1300 mokluli iyo. magram paskeviCi amtkicebda, rom qalebis mimarT mowyaleba gamoiCines (isini mxolod mokles). amis Semdeg ardahani da awyuri yovelgvari brZolis gareSe Cabarda. qarTuli polki pirveli Sevida qalaqSi da faSas rezidenciaSi 250wliani okupaciis Semdeg aRmarTes qarTuli droSa. 1828 wlis seqtemberSi qarTvelma Tavadma da poetma generalma WavWavaZem Chavchavadze daipyro baiazidis safaSo Bayazid pashalik mTa araratiT. rogorc paskeviCi imperators werda: `evfratis dasawyisSi frialebs Tqveni udidebulesobis droSa~. seqtemberSi ruseTis eqspedicia Sevida guriaSi da es mSfoTvare qveyana okupirebuli iyo yovelgvari brZolis gareSe. aseT talRaze daiwyo 182829 wlebis zamTari. Semdegi gegma iyo Savi zRvis sanapiroze 68 aTasi rusi qveiTi jaris gadasxma foTidan da trapizonisken moZraoba, amave dros, laSqroba erzurumsa da somxeTis mTebSi, Semdeg ki anatoliis mimarTulebiT da Tuki yvelaferi kargad wavidoda, SesaZlebeli iqneboda konstantinopolze Seteva, erzurumidan 1000 milis daSorebiT. am gegmiT paskeviCi ewvia ruseTis mefes peterburgSi, sadac igi didi pativiT miiRes. magram 1829 wlis zamTarSi uecarma tragikulma SemTxvevam yvela gegma CaSala. 1829 wlis ianvars mokles rusi elCi iranSi, cnobili mwerali griboedovi. iranisken mimavalma griboedovma colad SeirTo qarTveli ekaterine WavWavaZe da daiwyo wignis wera TbilisSi `vai Wkuisagan~. TavrizSi abas mirzasTan molaparakebis Semdeg, griboedovma datova Tavisi axalgazrda meuRle da marto gaemgzavra TeiranSi SahTan ceremonialuri vizitiT. is iyo tovebda dedaqalaqs, rodesac mirzaiakobma MirzaYakoub, warmoSobiT somexi, romelic 15 weli muSaobda Sahis haremis xazindrad, gamoTqva survili daetovebina Teirani. griboedovi garkveuli yoymanis Semdeg daTanxmda, radgan ar SeeZlo winaaRmdegoba gaewia qristiani sulis gadarCenaze, magram Sahis aRSfoTebas sazRvari ar hqonda. is flobda Sahis intimur saidumloebebs. aman aRavso iranelebis moTmineba da aTasobiT adamiani Tavs daesxa ruseTis saelCos, walekes kazakebis patara dacva da yvela maTgani mokles. griboedovi xelSi maxviliT daeca da misi sxeuli Yüklə 4,48 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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