1. The theories of arisen of life

Часть 1. Эссе.

1. The theories of arisen of life.

2. Embryology - is a science of formation and development of the embryo.

3. Cytology – the science of cells.

4. The cell. How is it constructed and function?

5. The cell’s compartments. Their constructions and functions.

6. Differences between plant and animal cells.

7. The cell theory.

8. Double membrane structures in the cells.

9. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, their main features and differences.

10. Mitosis and meiosis.

11. Chemistry of living organisms.

12. Amino acids and proteins. Their roles for living organisms.

13. Carbohydrates and their roles for living organisms.

14. Fatty acid and lipids. Their roles for living organisms.

Часть 2.

1. Magnifiers

2. Microscope and rules for working with it.

3. Methodology of preparation of temporary preparations of cells and tissues.

4. Key features of the organization of the plant cell.

5. Describe the laboratory work with Elodie leaves and scales of onions.

6. Describe the laboratory work with fresh fruits and tubers of potato.

7. One cell organisms and laboratory work with it.

8. Describe the laboratory work with one cells organisms.

9. Describe the laboratory work with Mycota (Fungi)

10. Division of Green Algae. Describe the laboratory work with it.

11. Describe the laboratory work with lichens.

12. Describe the laboratory work with mosses.

13. Describe the laboratory work with higher plants.

14. Describe the laboratory work with soil one cellular organisms.
Часть 3.

1. Draw the structure of the apical meristem in the root example.

2. Draw the structure of the apical meristem on the example of the stem.

3. Draw a diagram of the types of meristems.

4. Draw the structure of plant cells.

5. Draw the structure of animal cells.

6. Draw a diagram of protein synthesis in the cell.

7. Draw the structure diagram of photosynthesis and the structure of glucose.

8. Draw the structure of onion peel.

9. Draw the structure of the tissue of potato tubers.

10. Draw the structure of Spirogyra and chromatophores.

11. Draw the structure of the lichen’s tissue.

12. Draw the structure of luscious fruit (apricot)

13. Draw the structure of luscious fruit (cherry)

14. Draw the structure of juicy fruit (plum)

15. Draw a diagram of the types of epithelial tissue of plants.

Часть 4.

1. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

AAG-GTT-TCG- TAT-GCC-CAG

2. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TTC-AGT-AAG-CCA-TAG- AAT

3. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

ATG-TTT-GAG-CCA-GCG-TAC

4. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TAC-GCA-TGG-AAA-TTT-CCG

5. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of RNA according to the principle of complementarity:

AAG-GTT-TCG- TAT-GCC-CAG

6. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of RNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TTC-AGT-AAG-CCA-TAG- AAT

7. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of RNA according to the principle of complementarity:

ATG-TTT-GAG-CCA-GCG-TAC

8. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of RNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TAC-GCA-TGG-AAA-TTT-CCG

9. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TAG-GCC-CGT-AAA-GAG-CAG

10. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TAT-TCT-GGA-ACG-ATC-GCC

11. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

CCA-AGT-TTA-TAG-GCT-AGC

12. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

TGT-GGT-AAC-CAG-AAA-TGC

13. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

ACT-GGG-TAA-CCA-GAT-GCC

14. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

CTT-AGA-GCA-TAC-GAT-CGA

15. You presented the plot of the DNA chain. To finish below second chain of DNA according to the principle of complementarity:

ATG-CGC-GTA-TAT-GCG-CTA
Часть 5.

1. Run a test job:

1. Complexes of a single molecule of mRNA (mRNA) and its associated tens of ribosomes are called:

A. nucleosomes
B. Nucleaire
C. cintamani
D. polisoms
E. monosoms

2. The prokaryotes include:

А) plants 

B) animals 

C) mushrooms

D) bacteria and cyanobacteria

E) people

3. Organoid is controlling the formation of microtubules of cytoskeleton, organelles movement of the mitotic spindle, is called:
A. cellular center (centrosome)
B. kinetosome
C. acrosome
D. nucleus
E. ribosome
2.

1.

The basis of the cell center is:
A. centriole
B. microfilaments
C. intermediate filaments
D. kinetosomes
E. microtubules

2.  
Ribosomes (polysome) found on the outer surface:

A. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B. rough endoplasmic reticulum
C. plazmalemms
D. lysosomes
E. cellular center
3. A stack of flattened one-membrane tanks, the basis of the Golgi apparatus, is called:

A. mesosoma

B. diktiosoma
C. chondriosome
D. endosome
E. monosomy


3.

1.

The main function of granular EPR is:
A. the formation of the nuclear envelope
B. the formation of lysosomes
C. biosynthesis, transport, and initial modification of proteins
D. biosynthesis of lipids and polysaccharides
E. the formation of kinetosome

1. 
   The accumulation of substances, their modification and sorting, packing in bubbles and formation of primary lysosomes occurs in:
   A. Golgi apparatus
   B. granular EPR
   C. smooth EPR
   D. plasma membrane
   E. on the ribosome
   

3. Vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes (proteases, nucleases, lipases) are called:

A. peroxisome 
B. lysosomes
C. spherosome
D. vacuoles
E. plastids
4.

1.

In the cavity of the smooth EPR occurs:

A. DNA replication, synthesis of tRNA and rRNA
B. final modification of proteins and their sorting
C. biosynthesis of lipids and polysaccharides
D. biosynthesis, transport, and initial modification of proteins

E. the biosynthesis of proteins

 
2. Enzymes (ferments) is:

А) transport oxygen and radicals

B) participate in chemical reactions, turning into other substances
C) they speed up chemical reactions and are of protein nature

D) are the main source of energy

E) it's the hormones
3. the science of arising and the development of the embryo is-

А) Embryology

B) Physiology

C) Morphology

D) Anatomy

E) Histology
5.

1. The first microscope was made in:

1. 
   1600 year
   
2. 
   1606 year
   
3. 
   1766 year
   
4. 
   1900 year
   
5. 
   1834 year
   

2. Muscular tissue has the following properties:

A) excitability and contractility

B) contractility

C) excitability and conductivity

D) conductivity

E) excitability, contractility, conductivity
3. science about a structure and functions of fabrics

A) Embryology

B) Physiology

C) Morphology

D) Anatomy

E) Histology

6.

1. I opened existence of cages:

A. To Neemiya Gru

B. Marcello Malpighi

C. Robert Hooke

D. Thomas Mor

E.Ladzaro Spallantsani
2. Nails belong to derivatives:

A) actually cages

B) hypodermic cellulose

C) skin epithelium

D) rudiments of muscle fibers

E) bones
3. science about a cellular structure of organisms

A) Cytology

B) Miologiya

C) Morphology

D) Osteology

E) Histology

7.

1. I opened existence of unicells:

A. K.Ber

B. L. Spallantsani

C. G. Driesch

D. A. van Levenguk

E. R. Guk

2. Basic provisions of the cellular theory were developed:

A) T. Shvann, M. Shleyden

B) K.F. Wolf, I. Müller
C) S.Ya. Purkinye, I. Müller, G. W. Leibniz

D) L. Oken, G. Link, K. Rudolfi

E) T. Shvann, K.F. Wolf
3. Science about bones

A) Cytology

B) Miologiya

C) Morphology

D) Osteology

E) Histology

8.

1 Cages containing a kernel are called:

A. akariotichesky

B. the prokaryotic

C. urkariotichesky

D. the eukaryotic

E. answers And and With together
2. Primary structure of protein keeps:

A) hydrogen communications

B) hydrophobic communications

C) peptide communications

D) disulfide communications

E) protein communications

3. Science of muscles is

A) Cytology

B) Miologiya

C) Morphology

D) Osteology

E) Histology

9.

1. Treat structural components of an eukaryotic cell:

A. kernel, cytoplasm, organelles and cover

B. пронуклеус and cytoplasm

C. kernel, cytoplasmatic membrane and cytoplasm

D. нуклеоид, cytoplasmatic membrane and cytoplasm

E. membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
2. The secondary structure of protein keeps:

A) hydrogen communications

B) hydrophobic communications

C) peptide communications

D) disulfide communications

E) protein communications

3. The part of an eukaryotic cell in which the main hereditary information is stored, is called:

A. kernel

B. karioplazma

C. nukleoplazma

D. kernel (nukleol)

E. cytoplasm

10.

1. The kernel consists from:

A. chromosomes, kernel and ribosomes

B. nuclear cover, kernel, chromosomes and plazmalemma

C. chromosomes, kernel and hromoplast

D. nuclear cover, nuclear matriks, chromosomes (hromatin) and kernels

E. kernel, chromosomes and plazmalemma
2.

The biological membrane covering all cage is called:

A. ektoplazma

B. кортекс

C. plasmatic membrane, or plazmalemma

D. pellikula

E. nukleoplazma
3. Makes a basis of all biological membranes:

A. single layer of phospholipids (fosfolipidny monolayer)

B. double layer of phospholipids (fosfolipidny bisly)

C. threefold layer of phospholipids (fosfolipidny trisly)

D. glycerin and fatty acids

E. fatty acids

11.

1. The biological membranes must include:

A. RNA

B. Cellulose

C. proteins

D. DNA

E. carbohydrates

2. The DNA nucleotide is not included:

A) thymine

B) uracil

C) guanine

D) cytosine

E) adenine

3. The basic property of biological membranes is their:

A. selective permeability

B. immobility

C. permanence

D. Variability

E. mobility
12.

1. Plant cells are protected by a shell, which is a mandatory component:

A. Suberin (cork)

B. lignin

C. pulp (cellulose)

D. murein

E. chitin

2. As a result, the number of chromosomes in meiosis cells formed:

A) doubles

B) halved

C) remain the same

D) triples

E) 3-fold decrease

3. uptake large particles called:

A. phagocytosis

B. Diffusion

C. pinocytosys

D. exocytosis

E. endocytosis
13.

1. uptake of liquid droplets is called:

A. supply

B. power

C. Diffusion

D. pinocytosys

E. phagocytosis

2. The decisive embryological evidence for evolution is:

A) the similarity of processes of cell division in all organisms

B) the similarity in the structure of skeletons of different groups of mammals

C) the similarity of early developmental stages of embryos from various classes

D) structure of the limbs

E) resemblance

3. The main substance of the cytoplasm, soluble in water, is called:

A. karyoplasm (nucleoplasm)

B. cytoplasmic matrix (hyaloplasm, the cytosol)

C. sol

D. true solution

E. tsitoskelet
14.

1.Chast cytoplasm submitted supporting-cancellable structures (complexes) is called:

A. Frame

B. cytoskeleton

C. matrix

D. Cytostome

E. nucleoplasm

2. The zygote is formed in the process:

A) mitosis

B) ontogenesis

C) meiosis

D) fertilization

E) phylogeny

3. The science of bones

A) Histology

B) Helminthology

C) Osteology

D) Parasitology

E) Splahnologiya
15.

1. The intracellular structures that are optional components, are called:

A. organelles

B. vacuoles

C. excreta

D. Incorporation

E. mitochondria

2. The information of the nucleotide triplet corresponds to:

A) the polypeptide chain

B) carbohydrate molecules

C) a protein molecule

D) amino acid

E) of fat molecule

3. The science of muscle

A) Splahnologiya

B) Myology

C) Biochemistry

D) Histology

E) Psychology