2005 Chicago Open

2005 Chicago Open

Round 3 Tossups
1. The model of baroclinic instability explains how large-scale waves in the mid-latitude atmosphere transport heat and this quantity. Feynman’s paradox involves the seeming non-conservation of this quantity in certain situations involving electromagnetic fields. Precession occurs when a force acts on a body in which this quantity must be conserved. Kepler’s second law is equivalent to this statement, which can also be derived by applying Noether’s theorem to rotational invariance. FTP, what is this quantity, most commonly calculated as the cross product of the radial vector and the linear momentum?

Answer: angular momentum

2. The first act introduces us to the offstage and now dead character of Baron Arnheim and also the anglophile sap Vicomte de Nanjac. The final act sees the only appearance of the butler Phipps and begins the plot resolution with mention of the protagonist’s denunciation of a building scheme in Argentina. This is related by Lord Caversham, whose son is the protagonist’s good friend and eventual husband of the protagonist’s sister Mabel in the end. This coincides with the comeuppance given to the attempted blackmailer Mrs. Cheveley and the reunion of Lady Gertrude and Sir Robert Chiltern. FTP, name this Oscar Wilde play, whose title refers to Lady Gertrude’s standards for her mate.

Answer: An Ideal Husband

3. His administration was marked by what he termed “New Course” policy, which he typified by gaining control of Heligoland in exchange for the namesake island via the Zanzibar Treaty. His Slovenian heritage and agrarian opposition to his reciprocal trade agreements led to the loss of half his duties to Botho Eulenberg, and both were fully dismissed two years later over their arguments on the criminal code, the Umsturz Vorlage [vore-laa-guh]. This was particularly bitter as he was succeeded by archrival Hohenloe-Schillingfurst. FTP, name this man who succeeded Bismarck as German chancellor perhaps best known for the piece of land he gained in northeast Namibia.

Answer: Leo Caprivi (or Graf von Caprivi)

4. At one point two of the characters agree that they both possess the three crucial qualities – knowledge, good will, and frankness – to be qualified to examine a soul for good and evil. This follows a discussion on power in which the claim that power is good for its possessor is made by Polus. Only the opening sections feature the involvement of Chaerephon, whereas Callichles, whose house forms the setting, is involved throughout. One of the most famous claims is that “rhetoric is a form of cookery” in this last of the Athenian dialogues of Plato. FTP, name this detailed study of virtue, much of which consists of discussion between Socrates and the titular Sophist.

Answer: Gorgias

5. Despite tearing his ACL in the tournament, he became the highest pick from his school since David Greenwood. He had a starring role in an episode on the fifth season of Arliss and also appeared on the Weakest Link during halftime of the games in the 2001 finals. In his first season he broke the rookie franchise record set by the inimitable Kendall Gill, and in his sixth and most recent season was traded for Speedy Claxton and Dale Davis. After the trade he led his team to an 18-10 record, playing alongside Adonal Foyle, Mike Dunleavy, and Jason Taylor. FTP, name this current Golden State point guard, better-known or his six seasons as the Hornets point guard.

Answer: Baron Davis

6. Antimycin is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting function between two of them, and azide, cyanide, and carbon monoxide are poisonous because they bind irreversibly to the a grouping of the first two. The fourth is the only one that is soluble, while the sixth is of still unknown function. The first two exist alongside two copper centers, and a later one in the sequence is reduced by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q. FTP, name these heme-containing molecules that make up the “c” and “b-c-1” complexes, a group of proteins that help carry out electron transport during oxidative phosphorylation.

Answer: cytochromes

7. It opens by introducing a series of accessory characters at the Gausse Hotel, including the Englishman Campion, Mr. Dumphry, and the McKiscos. The protagonist of this novel later finds out that his marriage was partly arranged by Baby, his wife’s elder sister. By the end of the novel he has released his wife to her lover, Tommy Barban. The protagonist had already undertaken his own affair, with the young actress Rosemary Hoyt. He also sold his share in the Swiss clinic he owned, and where he had first met his schizophrenic wife, Nicole Warren. The moral weakening of Dick Diver is thus chronicled in, FTP, what F. Scott Fitzgerald novel?

Answer: Tender is the Night

8. One was a son of Penda who married the princess Osthryth. Another led his people to victories at Ecestun and Maeretun but died during Easter of that year. The best-known ordered a famous massacre on St. Brice’s Day, and according to a probably apocryphal story told by William of Malmesbury, defecated in the baptismal font as a child. He married Emma of Normandy and had a defeat of his troops memorialized in poem at the Battle of Maldon. The half-brother of Edward the Martyr, he came to the throne upon the death of his father Edgar. FTP, give this common name, the last of whom was succeeded by his son Edmund Ironside, an English king whose plague of Danish invasions led to his nickname of the “Unready”

Answer: Aethelred [respectively Aethelred of Mercia, Aethlred I King of Wessex, and Ethelred II the Unready]

9. He worked on musical dramas for three years, but both Alfonso and Estrella and Fierabras were refused for performance. His “Ave Maria” is set not to the religious prayer but to the text of a Sir Walter Scott poem, and Shakespeare was the basis for the “Hark! Hark! the Lark” and “Who is Sylvia?” Among his other late works are his Tantum Ergo, his Song of Miriam, and his Piano Sonata in G, originally published without his title of “Fantasia.” The latter was meant to be a companion piece to his earlier “Wanderer Fantasy,” but he is best known for works in the genre off The Lovely Mill Maid and Winter’s Journey. FTP, name this composer of Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel, numerous song cycles, and an “Unfinished” symphony.

Answer: Franz Schubert

10. It ends by dismissing “Puritan divines and their use by successful modern egoists” and by characterizing the place of the “misfit” in society. This book borrowed from another field, psychiatry, in categorizing two groups as megalomaniacal and paranoid and yet another subject, Nietzsche’s philosophy, in categorizing two different groups as Apollonian and Dionysian. The author begins by explaining how race-prejudice blinds us in academic study in the first chapter “Science of Custom” and argues that a group’s society is an integrated whole, a “personality writ large.” To this end, the author contrasts the Dobu of Melanesia, the Kwakiutl, and the Pueblo Indians. FTP, name this 1934 anthropological work by Ruth Benedict.

Answer: Patterns of Culture

11. One of them is a torus in the xy-plane with two bulges lying along the z-axis, while the others are composed of four lobes lying in the same plane. They can only exist for n > 2, as they are defined by the angular quantum number being equal to 2. As there are five of them in total, they can be occupied by a total of 10 particles, and , they first appear in scandium, the first transition metal. FTP, what are these orbitals, the third type of atomic orbitals?

Answer: d-orbitals

.

12. Its author used several quotations from Disraeli’s Tancred because of a similar journey taken by this novel’s protagonist. Inspired by an encounter with Byron’s grand niece gambling in Hamburg, it played on the reader’s prejudices with a conclusion that is hinted at by Sir Hugo and Lady Mallinger’s late conversation as well the Meyrick girls’ acceptance of the title character’s romance. Characters from the early installments, like the musician Klesmer, were more popular than succeeding figures like Jacob and Mordechai, and the title character’s decision to marry Mirah Cohen rather than Gwendolen Harleth produced the most disapproval. FTP, name this work in which the title character plans to help find a Jewish homeland, the final novel by George Eliot.

Answer: Daniel Deronda [Gwendolen Harleth is modeled on Byron’s grand niece]
13. Henri, Comte de Paris, the pretender to the French throne married Isabelle of both the house of Orleans and this house. The Italian born Rosario Poidimani called himself its true heir around the same time. One member of it, commonly known as Princess Barbara, was a student and patron of Domenico Scarlatti. It became the most powerful duchy its country after the battle of Alfarobeirra and became a ruling house in 1640. It merged with the English royal line when another member, Catherine, became the queen consort of Charles II. FTP, name this ruling dynasty which, until 1910, was in power in Portugal.

Answer: House of Braganza

14. It was initially set up in a space used as a cemetery and was completed while the artist was working on the High Altar of St. Anthony. Below it are two reliefs also created by the artist, and below the reliefs are a set of doors meant to symbolize the path to Hades. One relief shows two angels holding some armor, while the other shows the same two angels pointing to the title figure’s coat of arms. It was the primary reason for the artist’s trip to Padua and resulted from a commission in Erasmo da Narmi’s will. The resultant work was given Erasmo’s nickname, meaning “cunning cat,” and finished in 1450. FTP, name this sculpture on a pedestal, an equestrian statue by Donatello.

Answer: Gattamelata (prompt on “cunning cat” or “tricky cat”)

15. Among those equated with him was the deity Horagalles. His stepson lived in the hall Ydalir and succeeded Njord as Skadi’s husband. Another child was the maiden Lora, and yet another child was promised to a figure who he turned into stone, the dwarf Alvis. He was served by Roskva in his hall of Bilskirnir, and on occasions he went outside he was accompanied by Roskva’s brother, Thialfi. Two of his children were fathered with his mistress Jarnsaxa, the boys Magni and Modi, and Thrud was fathered with his wife Sif. FTP, name this son of Odin, the possessor of Mjollnir and Norse god of thunder.

Answer: Thor
16. Like the Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt, it is believed to be maintained by gravitational resonances, in its case with the moon Mimas. Measuring approximately 4800 km wide, its name is somewhat of a misnomer, as it is not completely empty, but merely looks so in comparison to the two objects it separates, which are labeled B and A. Discovered in 1675, FTP, what is this largest and most prominent gap in Saturn’s rings named for its Italian discoverer?

Answer: Cassini division

17. This novel’s protagonist works alongside a group he calls “New York émigrés” and once added an initial to his name to gain more prestige. It ends with his description of the local supermarket, which rearranged its aisles causing great confusion in town. This happens after the protagonist obtained a gun from his father-in-law Vernon Hickey and used the gun to shoot a man whose identity he learns to be Willie Mink. Mink had been the man who had an affair with Babette, the protagonist’s wife, in exchange for providing the “psychopharmaceutical” drug Dylar. All of these events take place after the “Airborne Toxic Event” that takes place halfway through the novel’s chapters. FTP, name this work about the information overload experienced by Professor of Hitler Studies Jack Gladney, a novel by Don DeLillo.

Answer: White Noise

18. The infestation of this body of water with duckweed plant has become a national crisis. The major cities along it include its namesake one and Cabimas, and it is spanned by one of the world’s longest bridges, the Urdaneta bridge. It is situated just southwest of the Segovia Highlands and has many rivers flowing into it, the largest of which is the Catatumbo. It is connected to the sea by a 34-mile strait and is in the center of one of the world’s richest petroleum-producing regions. FTP, name this largest natural lake on its continent, a lake in northwestern Venezuela.

Answer: Lake Maracaibo

19. Lawson’s criterion is one of the two conditions that must be met in order for this to be sustainable, the other being a sufficiently high temperature. The National Ignition Facility takes one of the approaches to meeting Lawson’s criterion by maximizing the density through the principle of inertial confinement; the other, increasing the time of confinement, is exemplified by magnetic confinement such as in tokamaks. FTP, what is this process that aims to generate energy by combining together nuclei?

Answer: thermonuclear fusion

20. He served as a senior partner of the powerful New York law firm Sullivan & Cromwell and was a co-founder of the Federal Council of Churches, which might have influenced his son being the first American priest to be appointed directly to cardinal. His first political experience was as legal council to the U.S. delegation at Versailles, and during his time as an adviser to Arthur Vandenberg he helped draft the preamble to the UN Charter. He had already served as Dewey’s foreign policy adviser in the 1944 campaign and six years later released War or Peace, his criticism of Truman’s use of containment. He articulated his own approach in an article for Life defining the policy of brinkmanship and his anti-USSR stance. FTP, name this man who served as Eisenhower’s secretary of state.

Answer: John Foster Dulles

2005 Chicago Open

Round 3 Bonuses
1. Name these duos from Norse myth, FTP each: [Both must be given for the points]

A. Odin, Ve, and Villi gave all the necessary things for life to this pair, originally two logs washed ashore. They went on to become the progenitors of the human race.

Answer: Ask and Embla

B. This giant and giantess were the parents of Loki.

Answer: Farbauti and Laufey

C. Representing “thought” and “memory” are these two ravens that belong to Odin.

Answer: Huginn and Muninn
2. Name these things about a genetic structure, FTP each:

A. Most eukaryotic genes interrupted by these noncoding sequences, which are removed via RNA splicing.

Answer: introns

B. The introns are removed from RNA by these splicing molecules, commonly known by their five letter abbreviation.

Answer: snRNPs [snurps] or small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles

C. Introns and exons were discovered around the same time by an American and a Brit who were studying the genes of adenoviruses. They shared the 1993 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine for their work. Name either.

Answer: Phillip A. Sharp [American] OR Richard J. Roberts [the Brit]
3. It is a line of 12 syllables, or 13 if the last syllable is unstressed, consisting of 6 iambic feet. FTP each—

A. Name this form of which Pope wrote and which he exemplified in his Essay on Criticism as follows: “A needless [blank] ends the song / That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.”

Answer: alexandrine

B. The alexandrine was popularized in the 16^th-century by this French poet and chief member of the Pleiade. His collections include Loves of Cassandra and Sonnets to Helene.

Answer: Pierre de Ronsard

C. This Englishman used the alexandrine in his best-known poem “Cynara,” which contains the memorable line, “I have been faithful to thee, Cynara!, in my fashion.”

Answer: Ernest Dowson
4. Answer these questions about an empire, FTP each:

A. What empire was destroyed when the forces of Issihak II were routed at Tondibi and Gao by opponents with firearms in 1591?

Answer: Songhai

B. Before the sunni, or shi, rulers came to power in 1355, the Songhai were ruled by what line of rulers, whose name translated simply to king?

Answer: dia [dee-uh]

C. The Songhai reached their greatest power under what ruler, who deposed Sonni Baru in 1493 and ruled until he was deposed by his eldest son Musa in 1528.

Answer: Askia Muhammad I or Muhammad I Askia (or Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr Ture)
5. Name these things about some violin concertos, FTP each:

A. Brahms dedicated his dense Violin Concerto this violinist and composer who also premiered Brahms’ Double Concerto. His own works include overtures to Hamlet and Henry IV.

Answer: Joseph Joachim

B. His Concerto for Violin and Orchestra was composed between 1989-93, but this modern composer is best-known for his orchestral work Atmospheres and his opera Le Grand Macabre.

Answer: Gyorgy Ligeti

C. He wrote two violin concertos, but his best work in the genre is his Concerto for Orchestra. Other major works include Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta and the opera Duke Bluebeard’s Castle. Like the first two guys he was Hungarian.

Answer: Bela Bartok

6. He attempted to classify structures of the mind along a chemical scheme, using the analogy that just as hydrogen and oxygen were structures, so were sensations and thoughts. FTP each—

A. Name this psychologist who thus brought structuralism to the field in his more than thirty years as professor of psychology at Cornell University.

Answer: Edward Titchener

B. Edward Tichener’s major work was this four-volume text that consisted of two student’s manuals and two teacher’s manuals designed to drill the laboratory method.

Answer: Experimental Psychology

C. Titchener might be best-known as the pupil of this German psychologist, who founded the first psychological laboratory, and whose Principles of Physiological Psychology Titchener translated into English.

Answer: Wilhelm Wundt

7. Name these theorems from number theory, FTP each:

A. This result states that any system of congruences in different moduli has a solution if the moduli are relatively prime in pairs. Furthermore, the solution is unique modulo the product of the moduli.

Answer: Chinese Remainder theorem (or Formosa theorem)

B. It states that if “p” is a prime, then “a to the p minus one” is congruent to “1 modulo p.”

Answer: Fermat’s Little theorem

C. This related theorem states that “p minus one factorial” is congruent to “minus 1 modulo p” if and only if “p” is prime.

Answer: Wilson’s theorem
8. Answer these questions about an author, FTP each:

A. The title character of this tale gets revenge for mistreatment of his love Trippetta by devising a game known as “Eight Ourang-Outangs,” to burn to death those responsible, the king and his councilors.

Answer: “Hop-Frog”

B. The unnamed narrator of this story is married twice, first to the title character and then to Lady Rowena Trevanion. After Lady Rowena’s death, her corpse is eventually reanimated as the narrator’s first wife.

Answer: “Ligeia”

C. This man wrote both “Hop-Frog” and “Ligeia,” as well as “The Masque of the Red Death” and “The Cask of Amontillado.”

Answer: Edgar Allan Poe
9. Name these governors of Connecticut, FTP each:

A. He became the state’s governor in 1924 thirteen years after leading the Yale archaeological expedition that discovered Machu Picchu.

Answer: Hiram Bingham

B. In addition to being governor he was also JFK’s secretary of health, education, and welfare. However he’s best known for his words at the 1968 Democratic national convention when he spoke out against police “Gestapo tactics in the streets.”

Answer: Abraham Alexander Ribicoff

C. The state has had three governors with this surname. Robert was a Brit elected in 1750, and Oliver and Oliver were father and son, with the son also serving as John Adams’ secretary of treasury.

Answer: Wolcott
10. Name these hip hop acts who have recently released albums, FTP each:

A. Maroon 5’s Adam Levine does the vocals on “Live Again,” one of the few non club songs on the U.S.A. (United States of Atlanta), an album by this group composed of Kaine and D-Roc.

Answer: Ying Yang Twins

B. In All or Nothing he attempts to show his softer side, including a big up to his late pal, actually everyone’s late pal, Big Pun.

Answer: Fat Joe (or Joey Crack or Joseph Cartagena)

C. The Red Light District, his follow up to Chicken-N-Beer, dropped last December and featured the hit single “Get Back.”

Answer: Ludacris (or Christopher Bridges)

11. Name these painters who have something in common, FTP each:

A. This Surrealist’s major canvases are Entombment, in which skeletons bury fellow skeletons, and The Echo, in which three somnambulistic nudes walk in tandem past dead temples.

Answer: Paul Delvaux

B. After leaving the group Les XX, or “The Twenty”, he created such paintings as The Cathedral, Death Pursuing a Flock of Mortals, and his massive 1888 magnum opus.

Answer: James Ensor [the magnum opus being Entry of Christ Into Brussels]

C. The 1999 version of The Thomas Crown Affair made use of his The Son of Man, in which an apple covers a man’s face. His best-known work might be Time Transfixed.

Answer: Rene Magritte

12. Answer these questions about lasers:

A. For 5 points, The SE in “laser” stands for this, a process critical to the operation of a laser.

Answer: stimulated emission (do not accept “spontaneous emission”)

B. For 10 points, For stimulated emission to occur, you must have this condition, where a higher-energy state is more populated than the ground state.

Answer: population inversion

C. For 5 points, This condition is most easily accomplished when the higher-energy state has this property, giving it a long lifetime.

Answer: metastable

D. For 10 points, High-power lasers can use this effect, where the refractive index of a substance changes in proportion to the square of an applied electric field, to tightly focus the laser.

Answer: Kerr effect
13. Name these Australian writers, FTP each:

A. He was actually born in England but he wrote his novel of a post-nuclear war world, On the Beach, after emigrating to Australia.

Answer: Nevil Shute (or Nevil Shute Norway)

B. A longtime friend of Somerset Maugham, she wrote the trilogy The Fortunes of Richard Mahony and the novel Maurice Guest.

Answer: Henry Handel Richardson (or Ethel Richardson Robertson – her real name)

C. His portrait of an artist in The Vivisector was possibly that of his friend Sidney Nolan. Better known is his novel about the life of a young couple in the bush, The Tree of Man.

Answer: Patrick White
14. Name these men who got into trouble for their support of Mary, Queen of Scots, FTP each:

A. In June 1570 he was arrested for his attempted orchestration of the marriage of Thomas Howard, 4^th Duke of Norfolk, to Mary. His son and namesake was a patron of Shakespeare and possible dedicatee of the sonnets.

Answer: Henry Wriotheseley, 2^nd Earl of Southampton (accept either the name or the title)

B. In the summer of 1586 he wrote a series of letters to Mary, describing his namesake plot to free her from prison after assassinating Elizabeth. He was found out by Walsingham and brutally tortured and murdered later that year.

Answer: Anthony Babington

C. This Italian musician became such a favorite of Mary’s that rumors of an affair plagued the court. In retaliation Lord Darnley, Mary’s husband, broke into his wife’s quarters and murdered this man in Mary’s presence in 1566.

Answer: David Rizzio or David Riccio

15. Name these related philosophers, FTP each:

A. The leading proponent of Neural Darwinism, which states that consciousness can be explained by Darwinian selection and evolution of neural states, this philosopher’s books include Content and Consciousness, Consciousness Explained and Kinds of Minds.

Answer: Daniel Dennett

B. Daniel Dennett deemed the subjective experience a cognitive illusion in contrast to this philosopher who first argued that the subjective experience of consciousness can never be obtained through the objective methods of reductionistic science, a concept he articulates in his article “What is it like to be a bat?”

Answer: Thomas Nagel

C. In his major work on ethics, The Possibility of Altruism, Thomas Nagel challenged the view of this philosopher in his 1740 Treatise on Human Nature that reason is subordinate to desires.

Answer: David Hume

16. Identify these Nobel-winning chemists, FTP each:

A. This German won for his discovery of cell-less fermentation, discovering zymase in the process.

Answer: Eduard Buchner [as in Buchner funnel]

B. Along with Rutherford this man investigated radioactive transformations of atomic nuclei, but he won his 1921 Nobel for his investigations of isotopes.

Answer: Frederick Soddy

C. He won for the development of his namesake reciprocal relations which express the equality of certain relations between flows and forces in thermodynamic systems out of equilibrium. In 1944 he solved the two dimension version of the Ising Model.

Answer: Lars Onsager
17. It seemed that Alexander Pope satirized everyone and their dog. Name some of his victims, FTP each:

A. Her play Simplicity was written circa 1735, but she was best-known for her earlier set of six “town eclogues” written in imitation of Virgil and with the help of Pope, who later savaged her in The Dunciad.

Answer: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu

B. In his book Shakespeare Restored he exposed the inaccuracies of Pope’s first edition of Shakespeare, which prompted the hypersensitive Pope to make this man the “hero” of the first edition of The Dunciad.

Answer: Lewis Theobald

C. This man was known for his epic The Campaign, about Marlborough’s exploits, for his tragedy Cato, and for his collaborations on The Tatler and The Spectator. Pope began attacking him after the two had a falling out over Pope’s Tory leanings.

Answer: Joseph Addison
18. He remains the only person in the U.S. ever to have been executed for war crimes. FTP each—

A. Name this Confederate officer who was hanged in November 1865 after refusing an offer of parole in exchange for incriminating Jefferson Davis.

Answer: Henry Wirz

B. Henry Wirz was the commander of this military prison in south Georgia, the Confederacy’s largest prison for Union soldiers. Its wretched conditions were the focus of much Northern propaganda.

Answer: Andersonville

C. The commission that condemned Wirz’s actions was headed by this major general who stopped Jubal Early from capturing Washington D.C. at the Battle of Monocacy .

Answer: Lew Wallace [you know, that guy who wrote Ben-Hur]
19. Name these things about a certain group of organisms, FTP each:

A. Lampreys and hagfishes belong to what order of fish whose members have long, slender bodies without scales and fins and possess a cartilaginous skull and a notochord.

Answer: Cyclostomata or Cyclostomes

B. Cyclostomes belong to this class of vertebrates that lack a jaw.

Answer: Agnatha

C. The class Agnatha is included in this phylum, all of whose members possess a notochord, pharyngeal apertures, and a dorsal nerve cord.

Answer: Chordata or Chordates

20. During the 1930s she published three novels: After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie, Voyage in the Dark, and Good Morning, Midnight. FTP each—

A. Name this writer, whose first novel Postures, or Quartet, was an autobiographical one about a homeless woman living in 1920s France who gets involved with a married couple.

Answer: Jean Rhys (or Ellen Gwendolen Rees Williams)

B. Quartet was based in large part on Jean Rhys’ experience with this novelist of Some do Not and Last Post. He co-wrote the novels Romance and The Inheritors.

Answer: Ford Madox Ford

C. Jean Rhys is best-known for this novel in which she drew upon her West Indian background to construct the early life of Mr. Rochester’s insane first wife in Jane Eyre.

Answer: Wide Sargasso Sea