Academic Competition Federation

Academic Competition Federation

National Championship Tournament

April 1, 2006

Packet by Brown

Toss-Up Questions
1. At the end of this work, one of the characters is sentenced to be set “breast-deep in earth” and famished. The title character’s last line is “witness my knife’s sharp point,” which he uses to stab a woman before himself being stabbed by a son of an emperor who is himself immediately stabbed by Lucius. Popular in the 18^th century in a version produced by Edward Ravenscroft, it features the brothers Bassianus and Saturninus, as well as the unsavory Chiron and Demetrius, who actually murdered Bassianus and raped Lavinia. Featuring characters who are baked in a pie and another who carries a severed hand in her teeth, it centers on the schemes of Tamora, queen of the Goths, and Aaron the Moor. FTP, name this early Shakespeare tragedy whose title character is a Roman general.

ANSWER: Titus Andronicus

2. Its first significant action was the assasination of Wash Tel, and several months later it took responsibility for the bombing of a Dutch gas plant. One year after its most famous action, its members took hostages at the Saudi embassy in Sudan and killed George Moore, the American ambassador there. Its name was inspired by the PFLP’s hijacking of three airliners in Jordan, after which King Hussein moved against the fedayeen, resulting in a civil war. It was founded by Salah Khalaf, also known as Abu Iyad, and its most famous action, supposedly masteminded by Abu Daoud, resulted in the ordering of Operation Wrath of God by Golda Meir. FTP, name this terrorist group best known for this killings of 11 Israeli athletes during the 1972 Munich Olympics, which took its name from a month in autumn.

ANSWER: Black September (or Aylul Aswad)

3. This work’s opening chapter ponders “the great enigma of our times,” which the author identifies as the association of the titular phenomena. This work’s sixth chapter is dedicated in part to the refutation of Malthusian theory, which the author claims “exonerates the rich,” and cites the famines in India in opposition to it. Beginning with some definitions of capital, this work remarks that “all capital is wealth, but not all wealth is capital,” while chapter 14, using the example of “the island of free opportunity,” investigates the persistence of the second titular concept “amidst advancing wealth.” Another chapter links the causes of industrial depressions to the denial of equal access to land, while chapter 18 approvingly cites the Physiocrats. Best known for its claim of the primacy of land to economic activity, FTP, name this 1879 book, the most famous work of Henry George.

ANSWER: Progress and Poverty

4. It has twelve Doric columns and its pedestal depicts allegories of the arts and sciences. Its interior sections feature narrative reliefs and it is topped by a depiction of Eirene, the goddess of peace, whose olive wreath was later replaced with a cross. Its various sculptures were created by Johann Schadow, whose son Frederick was a leading figure among the Nazarenes. Divided into five passageways, it is modeled on the Propylea and is located at the terminal of the linden tree lined boulevard on Pariser Platz. Featuring the famous quadriga of vitory, this structure would become the kernel of the “Athens on the Spree” envisioned by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, and was built under the direction of Karl Langhans from 1788 to 1791. FTP, identify this arch, located just south of the Reichstag building in Berlin.

ANSWER: Brandenburg Gate or Brandenburger Tor

5. His first book of poetry opened with a description of “jaunty crop-haired graying / Women in grocery stores,” and in addition to “Poem About People” featured such poems as “Discretions of Alcibiades” and the long “Essay on Psychiatrists.” His second book of poetry featured sections on the “many fragments,” “great emptiness,” and “everlasting possibility” of this country, and purported to offer an “explanation of America.” In addition to writing a book on the poetry of Walter Savage Landor, his volumes include History of My Heart and The Want Bone, as well as a notable translation of Dante’s Inferno. FTP, name this author who in 1997 became Poet Laureate of the United States and who founded the “Favorite Poem Project,” which asks average Americans like Paul Litvak to recite poems they love.

ANSWER: Robert Pinsky

6. The phase variety of this phenomenon typically occurs in oscillators and is caused by fluctuations in the phase of a wave. The Brownian variety of this phenomenon has a spectral density proportional to the inverse square of the frequency, while the pink variety, which is sometimes also known as the one-over-f type, is proportional to the inverse of the frequency. Proportionality to the square root of the product of temperature and frequency is a characteristic of the thermal, or Johnson type, which occurs naturally in all resistors, while the shot variety is a Poisson process that occurs when the carriers of energy are discrete particles. Best known when it is a random process with flat power density, known as the “white” type, FTP, name this physical phenomenon, the ratio of signal to which is typically to be maximized.

ANSWER: noise

7. In response to this, Noah Webster composed a letter to the man who delivered it which advocated an “aristocratic branch independent of popular suffrage.” It encourages those present to bear in mind the “sacred principle” that the will of the majority, “to be rightful, must be reasonable,” and cautions against replacing religious intolerance with political intolerance. Positing that “every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle,” this speech claims that “we are all Republicans; we are all Federalists.” Noting that “sometimes it is said that man can not be trusted with the government of himself,” it asks whether he can “be trusted with the government of others,” or whether “we have found angels in the forms of kings to govern him,” and proposes that history answer this question. It was delivered only days after a 30-hour special session of the House, on March 4, 1801. FTP, name this speech given by the third president of the United States.

ANSWER: Thomas Jefferson’s (First) Inaugural Address (accept obvious equivalents)

8. One of this group’s albums includes a track asking “What do I think I think?” while another begins, “May day, every day, my day.” The title of the fifth song on an album by this group references the institutionalized star of Come and Get It and the second song took its inspiration and lyrics from Patrick Suskind’s Perfume: The Story of a Murderer. An album of B-sides and rarities put out by this group includes the song “Mexican Seafood” and covers of songs like “Molly’s Lips” by the Vaselines, while their first album included the songs “Negative Creep” and “Floyd the Barber” and was put out in 1989 by Sub Pop. In addition to Bleach, their albums include Incesticide and an album which features the songs “Rape Me” and “Heart-Shaped Box,” In Utero. FTP, name this group which put out Nevermind and which was fronted by Kurt Cobain.

ANSWER: Nirvana

9. In one of them, a 70-year-old man marries a 15-year-old girl and then dies of jealousy after suspecting her of committing adultery with a man named Loaysa. In another Theodosia dresses up as a man to find the person who promised to marry her, while a third features Preciosa, who turns out to be the daughter of a noblewoman rather than the title “gypsy girl.” Others include “Lady Cornelia” and a work about two rapscallions who are known as Rinconete and Cortadillo. FTP, name this group of twelve short works of fiction first published in 1613 and written by Miguel de Cervantes.

ANSWER: Exemplary Novels or Novelas ejemplares

10. It is home to the TAG and Snake Pit hydrothermal fields, which are a source of ferromanganese nodules. It is interrupted by the Romanche Gap, which offsets it by about 400 miles. This feature was formed during the Triassic from the collision of three-armed grabens, and its aulacogens eventually became the river valleys of waterways such as the Mississippi. Just east of it at 30 degrees north latitude is the Lost City hydrothermal field, the chief feature of the Atlantis Massif. It is responsible for the existence of such islands as Ascension, St. Helena, Tristan da Cunha, and Iceland. Running for approximately 10,000 miles from the Arctic Ocean to the tip of Africa, FTP, name this divergent boundary, an undersea mountain range which sits in the center of a basin between two abyssal plains in its namesake ocean.

ANSWER: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

11. This man’s interpretation of a 20^th-century philosopher is criticized in the second lecture of Stanley Cavell’s Conditions Handsome and Unhandsome. The book by this man which Cavell criticized considers a “paradox” about how courses of action are determined by rules. The prettiness of London was the subject of this man’s 1979 article “A Puzzle about Belief,” though he is better known for two books, the second of which presents an “elementary exposition” of the views on “rules and private language” held by Wittgenstein. At the age of 19 this man published “A Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic,” and his most famous work is a collection of lectures in which he invented the idea of the rigid designator, which picks out the same referent in all possible worlds. FTP, name this American philosopher, best known for Naming and Necessity.

ANSWER: Saul Aaron Kripke

12. A recent Science article attempted to identify the “kernels” of the networks made up of these objects, defining these kernels as “evolutionarily inflexible subcircuits.” The duplication of a set of these objects about 520 million years ago is thought to be responsible for the Cambrian explosion. In vertebrates, they are organized into 13 paralogues and 4 clusters, and each cluster is the same size as the Ubx gene in Drosophila, the animal in which these types of genes were discovered. About 180 base-pairs long, these genes encode transcription factors and act on the embryo in the sequential order that they occur on the chromosome. FTP, identify this family of genes active during development which directly control an organism’s body plan.

ANSWER: Hox genes or Homeobox genes

13. This man’s grandson, who was known as “Gonatas” or “knock-kneed,” established himself as the head of the Thessalian League and defeated Sparta during the Chremonidean War. During this man’s service under Antipater he beseiged Eumenes, an ally of Perdiccas, at Nora, and following his occupation of Syria this man formed the League of the Islanders. He sent his son Demetrius against the governor of Athens, who had been appointed by Cassander, but suffered his last and only defeat when he was abandoned by Docimus following the invasion of Lysimachus from Asia Minor, Seleucus from Babylonia, and Ptolemy from Egypt. Defeated and killed at Ipsus, FTP, name this Macedonian general, a member of the Diadochi sometimes known as Monopthalmos or Cyclops.

ANSWER: Antigonus I

14. During a doctor’s visit, the title character remarks that he allows his wife to do him an injustice because “it is like paying off a huge, immeasurable debt.” About 12 years before the action in this work takes place, the title character’s twin sons died after his wife’s milk went bad when she was frightened by a fire. Dr. Herdal ineffectually tries to prevent the title character from undertaking his final, fatal action, which he attempts after learning that Knut has had a stroke. It features a character who had appeared in an earlier play by the same author, Hilda Wangel. Following a falling-out with Ragnar Brovik, the title character tries to place the wreath on the newly-finished church spire himself, only to fall into the quarry below and die. FTP, name this Henrik Ibsen play whose title character is architect Halvard Solness.

ANSWER: The Master Builder (or Bygmester Solness)

15. After the murder of one of his brothers, this man fled with his mother and twin brother to the citadel of Midea. Two events in this man’s life are associated with celestial bodies moving backwards: one involved his being chosen king, while the other took place at the moment of a notable crime. That crime was the result of this man’s attempt to reverse the consecration of his brother, who was given a golden fleece by this man’s wife Aerope [ay-ROE-pee]. This man had two sons with Aerope, one of whom became the king of Mycenae while the other succeded Tyndareos as king of Sparta. Eventually killed by Aegisthus, FTP, name this father of Agamemnon and Menelaus who killed the children of his brother Thyestes and fed them to him, thereby bringing a curse on his namesake house.

ANSWER: Atreus (accept Thyestes before the “celestial bodies” clue)

16. One of his theorems in differential topology states that a subbundle of a manifold's tangent bundle is integrable if and only if its space of sections is closed under the Lie bracket. His namesake algebras are equipped with associative, nondegenerate bilinear forms. More famously, he gives his name to a field automorphism which for a field of prime characteristic p maps every element a to its pth power. He is perhaps most famous for a result which categorized all real associative finite-dimensional division algebras. FTP, name this German, whose namesake theorem shows that the only algebras of the above type are the reals, the complex numbers, and the quaternions.

ANSWER: Ferdinand Georg Frobenius

17. The production of a will in the first act of this work favors Albert Gregor over the cousin of a deceased baron, and is preceded by the aria “Ach te, ach boze!” sung by a clerk. At the start of its second act, a cleaning woman sings, “Videly ty kytice?” [vee-deh-lee tee kee-tee-che] before the title character’s arrival, and after meeting Hauk-Sendorf, the title character calls him “Maxi” and tells him in Spanish that Eugenia is not dead. In the third act, after learning of Janek’s suicide, the title character sings “Buenas Dias, Maxi!” but the handwriting analysis of the lawyer Kolenaty leads to the discovery that Elena Marty is the same person as Ellian MacGregor. The title character sings “Pater hemon,” and dies after rejecting a magic immortality potion first used on her by her father Hieronymus 300 years ago in, FTP, what 1928 opera based on a Karel Capek play and composed by Leos Janacek?

ANSWER: The Makropulos Affair (or The Makropulos Case or The Makropulos Secret) or Vec Makropulos

18. Eleven years before this act was passed, the Supreme Court in Katz vs. United States explicitly declined to extend its ruling to cases covered by it. The constitutionality of this law was addressed in the case U.S. vs. Nicholson and U.S. vs. Duggan, the latter of which involved members of the IRA. Chapter 36 of title 50, its third subchapter addresses “pen registers and trap-and-trace devices” and includes provisions for authorization in times of emergency and of war. Section 206 of the PATRIOT Act updated this legislation to provide for a “roaming” version of its most famous application, while Section 218 loosened the requirements for a warrant, which is granted by a secret court. Passed as the result of the Church Committee’s investigation into Operations Minaret and Shamrock, FTP, name this 1978 law, which may have been violated recently by the NSA.

ANSWER: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act

19. The alkyl form of these molecules can be treated with triphenylphosphine and ozone to produce nitro compounds, and these compounds can also be reduced to primary amines via the Staudinger ligation. Isocyanates can be produced by treating carbon monoxide with these compounds, and their reactions with alkyl or aryllithium compounds produce primary amines. The Curtius rearrangement pyrolises the acyl variety of these compounds to give isocyanates, and they can be produced by reacting alcohols or olefins with hydrazoic acid. Typically sensitive to shock, the lead forms of these compounds are used in detonators and blasting caps, while the sodium salt is commonly found as an explosive in automobile airbags. FTP, name this functional group which contains three double-bonded nitrogens.

ANSWER: azide or azido

20. The author of this novel never finished a chapter for it which described a lawyer named Hasterer who likes to embarrass young men by asking them difficult questions. One chapter features a tradesman named Block who is only wearing a short-sleeved shirt, and is therefore accused of being Leni’s lover. The usher’s wife informs the protagonist that his speech did not go over well, and on the advice of his uncle Albert he hires an advocate. The painter Titorelli, who does portraits of magistrates, explains to the protagonist his possible fate, and when he opens a storeroom in the bank where he works he discovers a masked man whipping Willem and Franz. In a cathedral, a priest tells the parable of a man standing before the door to the law, and on the day before his 31^st birthday the protagonist is taken out to a quarry by two men who argue over which one is going to kill him. FTP name this novel about Joseph K, a work by Franz Kafka.

ANSWER: The Trial or Der Prozess

21. Harry Partch’s composition The Wayward is based on his time as a member of this group, and one of The Wayward’s parts claims to be a “Message From” this kind of friend. Todd De Pastino has written a book about the “Citizen” kinds of these and hypothesizes that the name for this group came from a slang term for “farmhand.” John Hodgman’s The Areas of My Expertise includes matters pertaining to this group right after cryptozoology in its subtitle and provides a list of 700 names of people bearing this designation. In the pictorial language of this group, three hash marks represent an unsafe area, and their supposed vision of the good life is reflected in the Harry McClintock song Big Rock Candy Mountain. Often imagined as carrying bindlestiffs, FTP, name this group of homeless migratory workers best known for the fact that they get around by hopping freight trains.

ANSWER: hobos (this question is dedicated to Ryan Westbrook)

22. The plot of this work is set in motion by the death of Klavdia Ivanovna, who reveals the secret of the title things to her son-in-law. This work’s main character is first seen attempting to sell an astrolabe, and for assistance in recovering the title things demands 50 percent of their worth. This novel features such characters as Elochka the Cannibal, who has a vocabulary of only 30 words, as well as Lapis, who writes about the exploits of Gavrila. One event in this novel involves an interplanetary chess tournament in the town of Vasyuki, and in the end, upon stabbing the main character, Ippolit Matveyevich tears up the titular objects, only to find out that the diamonds he thought were inside have been used to build a new public building. Sharing its title with a 1970 Mel Brooks movie based on it, FTP, name this 1928 novel by Ilya Ilf and Yevgeny Petrov, in which Ostap Bender helps Kisa Vorabyaninov search for the titular dozen pieces of furniture.

ANSWER: The Twelve Chairs or Dvendadtsat Stulyev

23. One example is that the power law behaviors of the Ising ferromagnetic transition and the liquid-gas phase transition are identical, because in each case there is a scalar order parameter. Another example is that in one-dimensional maps that approach a chaos in a period-doubling cascade, the ratio of successive doublings has a fixed value called the Feigenbaum constant. In general it is a consequence of the renormalization group: roughly speaking, details of microscopic behavior are invisible at long distances. FTP, what is this term, which in computing is synonymous with Turing completeness?

ANSWER: universality

Academic Competition Federation

National Championship Tournament

April 1, 2006
Packet by Brown
Bonus Questions
1. He introduced the notorious AGIL paradigm. FTPE:

[10] Name this functionalist sociologist, famous for works like Structure and Progress in Modern Societies.

ANSWER: Talcott Parsons

[10] This most famous work by Parsons, published in 1937, investigates the Unit Act and attempts to construct a coherent voluntaristic theory of the titular thing.

ANSWER: The Structure of Social Action

[10] Parsons begins The Structure of Social Action by quipping that this author of Social Statics is dead; the problem is finding out who killed him and how.

ANSWER: Herbert Spencer
2. Name these works of Bertolt Brecht, FTPE:

[10] Brecht hit it big with this collaboration with Kurt Weill, which adapted a work by John Gay for the Berlin stage.

ANSWER: The Threepenny Opera (or Die Driegroschenoper)

[10] This Brecht play about three criminals who found a city ends with Jim being condemned to death for not paying his debts. It features the “Alabama Song,” which was covered by the Doors.

ANSWER: The Rise andFall of the City Mahoganny (or Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny)

[10] This Brecht play set in Chicago chronicles the “unmotivated” fight to the death between George Garga, a library worker, and C. Shlink, a lumber merchant.

ANSWER: Jungle of Cities (or Im Dikicht der Staedte)
3. Convection in this region is governed by the “E cross B” drift and its interaction with the solar wind produces bow shocks. FTPE:

[10] Identify this region surrounding the earth in which the effects of the B-field dominate.

ANSWER: magnetosphere

[10] These nondispersive magnetohydrodynamic waves are commonly found in the magnetosphere and result from the oscillation of ions in the magnetosphere. Their propagation velocity is proportional to the field strength and inversely proportional to the square root of the ion mass.

ANSWER: Alfven waves

[10] Near the earth, the plasmasphere is formed due to the collisional drag between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere, a phenomenon known by this name suggesting a collective spinning.

ANSWER: corotation
4. This artist was the uncle of Rudyard Kipling. FTPE:

[10] Name this pre-Raphaelite painter, known for such tall, narrow canvases as The Golden Stairs and King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid.

ANSWER: Edward Burne-Jones

[10] This Burne-Jones canvas depicts the embrace of a woman in blue and a man in black in a neoclassical courtyard overgrown by weeds. It shares its name with a Robert Browning poem that remarks on a “single little turret that remains.”

ANSWER: Love Among the Ruins

[10] Burne-Jones painted numerous mythological subjects, including a notable depiction of this Greek sorceress who was the mother of Comus by Dionysus.

ANSWER: Circe
5. Answer these questions about court cases involving evolution, FTPE:

[10] Judge John Raulston fined this defendant $100 after he was found guilty of teaching evolution in Dayton, Tennessee.

ANSWER: John Scopes

[10] More recently, a case was brought against this Pennsylvania school district by Tammy Kitzmiller and ten other parents, who objected to an anti-evolutionary disclaimer that was to be read in biology classes.

ANSWER: the Dover Area School District

[10] This Supreme Court decision struck down a Louisiana law that required the teaching of creationism alongside evolution. Justice Brennan wrote in the majority opinion that the law had failed the Lemon test.

ANSWER: Edwards vs. Aguillard
6. In this theory, a basic unit of translation consisting of cistrons binds to a repressor protein, which prevents translation until an inducer binds to the complex. FTPE:

[10] Identify this theory, named after two French scientists who won a Nobel Prize for it in 1965.

ANSWER: Jacob-Monod theory (accept reversed order)

[10] This is the basic unit of the Jacob-Monod theory, comprising cistrons and an operator, a non-coding DNA sequence that binds to the repressor protein.

ANSWER: operon

[10] The tra operon is possessed by some types of these extra-chromosomal double-stranded DNA molecules which can replicate autonomously.

ANSWER: plasmids
7. The Milky Way was the path to this location, which was populated by such characters as Vucub Caquix and his demonic sons Cabrakan and Zipacna. FTPE:

[10] Name this underworld, whose lords were defeated in a ballgame by some Hero Twins who set out to avenge their father’s death when a rat told them that they were meant to be ball players, not farmers.

ANSWER: Xibalba [Shi-ball-bah]

[10] The Mayan underworld, Xibalba, should not be confused with this lowest level of the Aztec underworld, which is ruled by a skeletal “lord of the land of the dead.”

ANSWER: Mictlan

[10] The story of the Hero Twins and their triumph is told in this “council book” of the Ki’che Maya.

ANSWER: Popul Vuh
8. Name these politicians of the World War I era, FTPE:

[10] His first premiereship fell in 1909, after which he attacked French defeatism with his newspaper L’Homme libre; he returned to power in 1917 after succeeding Paul Painlevé as premier.

ANSWER: Georges Clemenceau

[10] This German chancellor and successor to Caprivi originally encouraged Austria to take a hard line with Serbia, but attempted to defuse the conflict as the war approached.

ANSWER: Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg

[10] This British foreign secretary failed to preserve the peace, and his reluctance to commit Britain to war with Germany might have encouraged German aggression. He is known for remarking “The lamps are going out all over Europe; we shall not see them lit again in our lifetime.”

ANSWER: Edward Grey
9. Although the main characters have advanced in rank through the nine year run of this show, they started off as Colonel Jack O’Neill, Dr. Daniel Jackson, Captain Samantha Carter, and Teal’c [TEA-ilk]. FTPE:

[10] Name this show which claims that the pyramids were built by aliens posing as Egyptian gods, who enslaved humans and transported them to other planets.

ANSWER: Stargate SG-1

[10] Name the actor who heads SG-1 as Colonel Jack O’Neill, of former MacGyver fame.

ANSWER: Richard Dean Anderson

[10] This evil, parasitic alien enemy species pose a continuing threat to earth throughout the series.

ANSWER: The Goa’uld
10. He ironically notes that we “must think out our works” as is advised by “Vegetius the wise Roman” at the beginning of his poem The Legacy. FTPE:

[10] Name this French poet, whose other works include a notable “Ballade of Dead Ladies.”

ANSWER: François Villon (or François Montcorbier or François des Loges)

[10] Villon’s best-known line of poetry was translated as “But where as the snows of yester-year” by this 19^th-century poet, whose own works include The House of Life and “The Blessed Damozel.”

ANSWER: Dante Gabriel Rossetti

[10] Villon’s greatest achievement is this poem, which contains 2023 octosyllabic lines in 185 eight-line stanzas; it features bequests to a number of whores and poets.

ANSWER: The Testament (or Le Grand Testament)
11. It was proposed to explain the existence of the Delta plus plus baryon, which seemed to defy the Pauli Exclusion principle. FTPE:

[10] Identify this “charge” with an associated SU(3) group, which may be red, green, or blue.

ANSWER: color

[10] The color charge is an integral part of this theory of the strong interactions, which describes the interactions of quarks and gluons.

ANSWER: Quantum ChromoDynamics

[10] This feature of QCD, discovered by Gross, Wilczek, and Politzer in 1973, is the property that interactions between quarks become weaker at shorter distances.

ANSWER: asymptotic freedom
12. Although he published early works of poetry such as Crisalidas and Falenas, he is better remembered today for his novels. FTPE:

[10] Name this 19^th century Brazilian novelist of The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas, better known as Epitaph of a Small Winner.

ANSWER: Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis

[10] Machado de Assis also wrote this novel about the jealous relationship between Bentinho and Capitolina; its title roughly translates as “Lord Taciturn.”

ANSWER: Dom Casmurro

[10] Machado de Assis was the foremost Brazilian novelist prior to this 20^th-century author whose works include Jubiaba and Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon.

ANSWER: Jorge Amado
13. Name these composers who produced notable piano transcriptions of the works of Bach, FTPE:

[10] This 20^th-century Russian created a piano version of the Toccata and Fugue in D minor, while his own works include the aptly-titled Pathetic Overture and four symphonies, the third of which is the Requiem for Lenin.

ANSWER: Dmitri Kabalevsky

[10] This German composer worked as director of the Meiningen Court Orchestra prior to his death in 1916. He also produced a piano version of the Toccata and Fugue in D minor, as well as arrangements for two pianos of the Brandenburg Concertoes.

ANSWER: Max Reger

[10] This Frenchman composed a number of arrangements of Bach’s cantatas, many of which are dedicated to his students at the Ecole Niedermayer. He also wrote five symphonies, as well as the opera Samson and Delilah.

ANSWER: Camille Saint-Saëns
14. One battle of this name was won when Bayezid the Thunderbolt took control following the death of his father in 1389. FTPE:

[10] Name this battle, fought by the Ottomans against Serbian opposition on the “field of blackbirds.”

ANSWER: Battle of Kosovo

[10] This Ottoman sultan was assasinated at Kosovo by Milosh Obilic, leading to temporary confusion in the Ottoman ranks before this man’s son Bayezid went on to kick some Serbian ass.

ANSWER: Murad I

[10] A second battle was fought by Murad II at Kosovo in 1448 against a Hungarian-Wallachian coalition led by this Hungarian general and governor, whose son reigned as Matthias Corvinus.

ANSWER: Janos Hunyadi
15. It ends with a search for three men named Do-Well, Do-Bet, and Do-Best. FTPE:

[10] Name this poem which begins in the Malvern Hills, and in which William sees the titular agricultural worker.

ANSWER: The Vision of William Concerning Piers the Plowman (there seem to be varying titles floating around; Piers Plowman is all that’s important)

[10] Piers Plowman is attributed to this 14^th-century Englishman, though only circumstantial evidence links him to the work.

ANSWER: William Langland

[10] The second part of Piers Plowman introduces this female character, whose marital misfortune is contrasted with the path of the Lady Holy Church.

ANSWER: Meed the Maid
16. Answer the following about the Muslim prophet Ibrahim, FTPE:
[10] When Ibrahim sent his wife Hagar into the desert, the angel Gabriel gave her water by creating this well between the hills of Safa and Marwah. Modern pilgrims on the Hajj usually try to drink from it.
ANSWER: well of Zamzam
[10] This holy day commemorates Ibrahim's attempted sacrifice of his son, and Allah's miraculous intervention to save his life. It occurs about 70 days after Ramadan.
ANSWER: Eid ul-Adha (prompt on “Eid”)
[10] This son of Hagar and Ibrahim was almost sacrificed; he later helped Ibrahim build the Kaaba in Mecca.
ANSWER: Isma'il or Ishmael
17. Name these mountain ranges of Asia, FTPE:

[10] Khyber Pass is located in this range in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

ANSWER: Hindu Kush

[10] The island of Novaya Zemlya is part of this mountain range, whose highest peak is Mount Narodnaya.

ANSWER: Ural Mountains or Urals

[10] Anai Mudi in Kerala is considered the highest peak in both the Cardamom Hills and this 1,000-mile-long range, which is also known as the Sahyadri mountains.

ANSWER: Western Ghats (prompt on "Ghats")
18. Answer the following about NMR spectroscopy, FTPE:

[10] This term is given to the modulation of the constant applied field by shielding effects in the target atom. This effect reduces the local field by a factor of 1 minus sigma.

ANSWER: chemical shift

[10] This effect is most commonly observed in proton NMR, and occurs when an NMR-active nucleus interacts with other active nuclei, generally no more than three bonds away. A characteristic splitting of a peak into a multiplet is observed.

ANSWER: spin-spin coupling

[10] Originally discovered between nuclei and unpaired electrons, this perturbative effect results in a resonance shift due to spin-flipping and gives rise to forms of its namesake spectroscopy. It is most commonly seen in its nuclear form among atomic nuclei.

ANSWER: Overhauser effect
19. He won the National Book Award for his The Woman at the Washington Zoo, but his most famous poem is contained in Little Friend, Little Friend. FTPE:

[10] Name this poet who published such collections as Blood from a Stranger and The Lost World.

ANSWER: Randall Jarrell

[10] Name that best-known Jarrell poem, which begins, “From my mother’s sleep I fell into the State / And I hunched in its belly until my wet fur froze.”

ANSWER: “The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner”

[10] Jarrell was also the author of this satiric 1954 academic novel, based on his experiences teaching at Sarah Lawrence.

ANSWER: Pictures From An Institution
20. Answer these questions about the rise of a Japanese family, FTPE:

[10] This family, most notably led by Yoritomo, rebelled against the Taira clan in 1180. Their victory led to the establishment of the first bakufu, or shogunate, and the start of the Kamakura period.

ANSWER: Minamoto

[10] This was the name given to the war between the Taira and Minamoto families.

ANSWER: Gempei War

[10] Minamoto Yoshitsune decisively defeated the Taira at this 1185 naval engagement in the Inland Sea, killing in the process the 7-year old emperor. Yoritomo had Yoshitsune killed soon after.

ANSWER: Battle of Dan-no-ura
21. The simplest way of performing this operation is by reference counting. FTPE:

[10] Identify this memory-management procedure which deallocates objects that are no longer reachable by a program.

ANSWER: garbage collection
[10] This common type of garbage collector operates in two phases: it first traverses the reference tree and sets a flag for all reachable objects, and then deallocates the unflagged ones.
ANSWER: Mark and sweep
[10] Based on the "infant mortality" assumption, this collection strategy groups objects by their creation time, and only examines recently allocated objects.
ANSWER: generational (or ephemeral) garbage collection